BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS OF THE GENES INVOLVED IN THE EXTENSION OF PROSTATE CANCER TO ADJACENT LYMPH NODES USING ADAPTIVE ACTIVATION FUNCTIONS WITH DEEP KRONECKER NEURAL NETWORK

Abstract The objective of this research was to discover the genes involved in prostate cancer (PCa) patients' participation in extra lymph nodes and offer useful insights for identifying possible diagnostic biomarkers and pathogenic genes in PCa metastasis. Using Adaptive activation functions with deep Kronecker neural network (AAF-DKNN) and PCA with or without down sampling, the most significant candidate genes were determined. In total, twenty one genes were identified as related to the lymph node involvement. Between these, 9 genes were observed in metastatic prostate cancer, 6 were identified in another metastatic cancer and 4 were found in another local cancer. Additionally, augmentation of candidate genes was assessed in another PCa data sets. A verified set of genes that contribute to PCa metastasis was also identified. The SPAG1 and PLEKHF2 gene amplification was linked with a reduced chance of survival in prostate cancer patients

HYDROGEOCHEMICAL QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER IN PERUMAL LAKE, KURINJIPADI TALUK, CUDDALORE DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA

A study was carried out to determine the groundwater quality in parts of Perumal Lake, Kurinjipadi Taluk, Cuddalore district, Tamilnadu. Totally, 12 groundwater samples were collected at different parts of study area and 16 water samples from surface reservoirs (Perumal lake) and analyzed for physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, TH, Na, K, Ca, Mg and Cl, SO4 , HCO3- , NO3 ) in order to understand the hydro geochemistry of the water. The results of analysis were interpreted with geology and geomorphology of the area and also by various geochemical diagrams such as Piper trilinear plot and USSL classification diagram. Suitability of this water for its utility was verified using Indian standards. The result indicates irrespective of the seasons that only one well is suitable for drinking purpose, with remaining suitable for domestic and irrigation purpose. Further, from the results, it is pointed out that most of the well water falls in Na-Cl type indicating the influence of seawater in these wells which was confirmed by Piper plot. According to SAR (alkali hazard) and specific conductance (Salinity hazard) is plotted in USSL diagram, classification of water for irrigation purpose can be determined. Majority of groundwater samples fall in C3S1 zone indicating high salinity and low sodium hazard, satisfactory for plants having moderate salt tolerance on soils. In surface water most of the samples fall in C2S1 indicates medium salinity and low sodium hazard

5-Dichloro­acetyl-4-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetra­hydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one hemihydrate

There are two crystallographically independent organic mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C12H12Cl2N2O2·0.5H2O. The benzodiazepine ring adopts a distorted boat conformation in both molecules. The crystal packing is controlled by N—H⋯O, C—H⋯O and O—H⋯O intra- and inter­molecular hydrogen bonds. A graph-set motif of R 3 3(14) dimer formation by a combination of N—H⋯O, O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds stabilizes the mol­ecules and extends along a axis

1-Formyl-c-3,t-3-dimethyl-r-2,c-6-di­phenyl­piperidin-4-one

In the title compound, C20H21NO2, the piperidine ring adopts a distorted boat conformation. The phenyl rings substituted at the 2- and 6-positions of the piperidine ring subtend angles of 86.0 (1) and 67.3 (1)° with the mean plane of the piperidine ring (all six non-H atoms). The crystal packing features C—H⋯O inter­actions

r-2,c-6-Bis(4-methoxy­phenyl)-c-3,t-3-dimethyl-1-nitro­sopiperidin-4-one

In the title compound, C21H24N2O4, the piperidine ring adopts a distorted boat conformation. The crystal structure is stabilized by C—H⋯π inter­actions involving one of the methoxy­phenyl rings

Length based population characteristics and fishery of skipjack tuna, <em>Katsuwonus pelamis</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) from Tuticorin waters, Tamil Nadu, India.

52-59Fishery and population characteristics of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) along Tuticorin coast were studied for the period of one year from June 2016 to May 2017. Population parameters of Katsuwonus pelamis based on the length frequency data collected from fish landing centers of Tuticorin. Lengths ranging from 25 to 80 cm total length were observed and analyzed in current study. The population parameters L∞, K, M, Z and F were estimated as 95.70 cm, 0.40 year-1, 0.73, 1.63 and 0.90 respectively. Virtual Population Analysis (VPA) indicated that noticeable fishing mortality starts from 35-39 cm class interval and continued increasing till 50-54 length class. Afterwards a general decline in fishing mortality was observed with a relatively heavy fishing pressure on penultimate length class. The exploitation ratio (E) of 0.55 was derived from present study which is less than the maximum exploitation ratio (Emax = 0.805) indicating a scope for potential increase in production

1-Formyl-r-2,c-6-bis­(4-methoxy­phen­yl)-c-3,t-3-dimethyl­piperidin-4-one

In the title compound, C22H25NO4, the piperidine ring adopts a distorted boat conformation. The two benzene rings are approximately perpendicular to each other, making a dihedral angle of 86.2 (8)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π inter­actions

Necropsy findings and observations on marine mammals stranded in Gulf of Mannar coast

A dead female dolphin was washed ashore on 19 April 2016 at Singhivalaikuchu, near Vedhalai, Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu along the coast of Gulf of Mannar (N.09.260700; E.79.084858). Based on morphological features and teeth pattern, the specimen was identified as Indo-pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus. A total of 26 morphometric parameters were recorded

Floral biology and reproductive potential of Annona hybrid Arka Sahan

Annona hybrid Arka Sahan has become a commercially important fruit in recent times and it needs an assisted pollination to get good size. Studies on floral biology of Annona hybrid Arka Sahan revealed that major bloom occurs during March-April. Most of the flowers start opening during the afternoon and continued till 7.00 pm, while, pollen dehiscence mainly occurred in early morning in the following day. The maximum stigma receptivity was recorded on the day of anthesis. Completely pendulous petal was more common in Arka Sahan flowers resulting = improper pollination. The minimum number of beetles and bees were observed between 7.00 to 8.00 am. Pollen germination and viability were lower at anthesis (5.8% and 44%, respectively) and declined as the day progressed. The pendulous nature of petals eventually brings some un-pollinated stigmas potentially resulting in delayed selfing leading to misshaped fruits