Punk Pioneers : Chicana Alice Bag as a Case in Point

This study aims to present Chicana punk musician Alice Bag as one of the main female figures who exerted a great influence on the early punk scene of Los Angeles, California, and thus helped to pave the way for a wider influx of female musicians within punk and to put some feminist issues at the forefront. By doing so, we will try to broaden the social and cultural understanding of punk music. Both Bag's autobiography Violence Girl, From East L.A. Rage to Hollywood Stage (2011) and her last LP, self-titled Alice Bag (2016), cover relevant issues related to Chicana women's condition, thus turning punk into a powerful platform to articulate feminist and ethnic concepts.El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar a la música chicana Alice Bag como una de las figuras influyentes en la temprana escena punk de Los Ángeles, California, quien ayudó a abrir el camino a una afluencia mayor de mujeres en la música punk, poniendo así algunos temas feministas en primera línea. De este modo, trataremos de ampliar el ámbito de estudio del punk. Tanto su autobiografía Violence Girl, From East L.A. Rage to Hollywood Stage (2011) y su casi recién estrenado LP Alice Bag (2016) abarcan temas relacionados con la condición de las mujeres chicanas, convirtiendo al punk en una poderosa plataforma de la que se ayuda para articular conceptos feministas y étnicos

≪Hay solo un yo que conozca≫: la eco-escritura de Terry Tempest Williams desde una perspectiva mormona

Tery Tempest Williams creció en una familia enraízada firmemente en la historia de la Iglesia de Jesucristo de los Santos de los Últimos Días, más conocida como la Iglesia Mormona. En sus escritos, Williams negocia con su propia identidad. En dicha negociación tanto la naturaleza como la fe juegan un papel importante para comprender su implicación en el arte de escribir y su propia definición como persona. Williams es capaz de articular un diálogo personal, pero significativo, con la naturaleza, en el que la naturaleza le habla de forma reveladora. Una conversación íntima que es fundamental para comprender sus reflexiones sobre la fe. Incluso, la contemplación de su relación con lo divino opera además como un sistema útil de iluminación y descubrimiento que desentraña su conexión con el espacio natural. Así, parece establecer un vínculo entre lo espiritual y lo material, que es visible en la forma en que se define a sí misma a través de palabras selectas y entrelazadas por un estilo sofisticado que combina ángulos etéreos y corpóreos a un tiempo.Terry Tempest Williams was raised in a family whose roots go deep into the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, better known as the Mormon Church. In her writing, Williams negotiates her own identity. In that negotiation, both Nature and faith play important roles to understand her engagement into the art of writing and her own definition of self. Williams is able to articulate a personal but significant dialogue with Nature, one in which Nature speaks to her in pregnant ways. That intimate conversation is also fundamental to understand her reflections on faith. Eventually, her contemplation of her relationship with the Divine operates also as a useful system of enlightenment and discovery to fathom her connection to the natural space. Thus, she seems to establish a bond between the spiritual and the material that is visible in how she defines herself through words which are also selected and braided by way of a sophisticated style combining ethereal and corporeal angles

Continuous electroreduction of CO2 towards formate in gas-phase operation at high current densities with an anion exchange membrane

The carbon dioxide (CO2) electroreduction to formate is nowadays considered as a promising approach to convert CO2 into a value-added product and simultaneously, in the context of strategies for mitigating climate change. However, there is a scarce number of studies published in the literature operating with a current density higher than 200 mA cm- 2 , and there is the need of operating at higher current densities, with acceptable performance and low penalty in terms of energy consumption, for future implementation at industrial scale. Thus, in this work, a novel configuration is studied using a filter press reactor in a continuous mode, with a single pass of the reactants through the cell, employing a Sustainion anion exchange membrane and working with a current density up to 600 mA cm-2 . Using the same electrocatalysts, the configuration shows a similar performance to the GDE configuration with liquid electrolyte, but with the advantage of operating only with a vapour input to the cathode and avoiding the need for a liquid catholyte. Although at the expense of obtaining a more diluted product, excellent combinations of Faradaic Efficiency for formate (73.7 %), energy consumptions (342 kWh-kmol-1), and product rates (22.9 mmol m- 2 -s -1) can be achieved at high current densities. Therefore, the configuration with Sustainion membranes reported in this manuscript can be particularly interesting for future applications that do not involve a very concentrated formate product.Authors fully acknowledge the financial support received from the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) through the projects PID2019-108136RB-C31 (AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and PID2020-112845RB-I00 (AEI/10.13039/501100011033). We are also grateful for the nanoparticles prepared and provided by the group of Prof. V. Montiel and Dr. José Solla-Gullón from the Institute of Electrochemistry of the University of Alicante. The authors also thank BioRender.com online software as this science illustration tool has allowed to create some of the figures of this manuscript

Fascinaciones, quiebros, vacíos, inocencias, mayos (no sólo) del 68 y algo (muy poco) sobre el curso de las cosas

Si entendemos por ‘mayo del 68’ el conjunto de los fenómenos y transformaciones del imaginario y la realidad social y cultural que se produjeron, sobre todo en Europa Occidental y los Estados Unidos, pero desde luego no únicamente, en torno a los años sesenta y setenta del siglo anterior, y que tuvieron en el mes de mayo del 68 en París no tanto su epicentro cuanto su momento más representativo o, por mejor decir, más sonado y mediáticamente logrado, lo primero que quizás habría que decir acerca de mi generación, la generación de los nacidos hacia la mitad de los cincuenta —en la narrativa española, la generación de los Muñoz Molina, Llamazares, Gándara o Justo Navarro por ejemplo—, es que llegamos un poco tarde.Si entendemos por ‘mayo del 68’ el conjunto de los fenómenos y transformaciones del imaginario y la realidad social y cultural que se produjeron, sobre todo en Europa Occidental y los Estados Unidos, pero desde luego no únicamente, en torno a los años sesenta y setenta del siglo anterior, y que tuvieron en el mes de mayo del 68 en París no tanto su epicentro cuanto su momento más representativo o, por mejor decir, más sonado y mediáticamente logrado, lo primero que quizás habría que decir acerca de mi generación, la generación de los nacidos hacia la mitad de los cincuenta —en la narrativa española, la generación de los Muñoz Molina, Llamazares, Gándara o Justo Navarro por ejemplo—, es que llegamos un poco tarde

Continuous electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate: comparative study of the influence of the electrode configuration with Sn and Bi-based electrocatalysts

Climate change has become one of the most important challenges in the 21st century, and the electroreduction of CO2 to value-added products has gained increasing importance in recent years. In this context, formic acid or formate are interesting products because they could be used as raw materials in several industries as well as promising fuels in fuel cells. Despite the great number of studies published in the field of the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formic acid/formate working with electrocatalysts of different nature and electrode configurations, few of them are focused on the comparison of different electrocatalyst materials and electrode configurations. Therefore, this work aims at presenting a rigorous and comprehensive comparative assessment of different experimental data previously published after many years of research in different working electrode configurations and electrocatalysts in a continuous mode with a single pass of the inputs through the reactor. Thus, the behavior of the CO2 electroreduction to formate is compared operating with Sn and Bi-based materials under Gas Diffusion Electrodes (GDEs) and Catalyst Coated Membrane Electrodes (CCMEs) configurations. Considering the same electrocatalyst, the use of CCMEs improves the performance in terms of formate concentration and energy consumption. Nevertheless, higher formate rates can be achieved with GDEs because they allow operation at higher current densities of up to 300 mA·cm-2. Bi-based-GDEs outperformed Sn-GDEs in all the figures of merit considered. The comparison also highlights that in CCME configuration, the employ of Bi-based-electrodes enhanced the behavior of the process, increasing the formate concentration by 35% and the Faradaic efficiency by 11%.The authors gratefully acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the project CTQ2016-76231-C2-1-R (AEI/FEDER, UE) for financial support

DESIGN, VALIDATION, AND RELIABILITY OF AN OBSERVATIONAL INSTRUMENT FOR THE DEFENSIVE AND OFFENSIVE TECHNICAL-TACTICAL ACTIONS OF THE GOALKEEPER

The aim of this study was to design and validate an observational instrument to analyse the behaviour of the goalkeeper in defence and attack. The validation and reliability processes were carried out by 12 experts, who were required to fulfill at least two of five selected requirements. Content validity was calculated using Aiken’s V. The Kappa Index was used to analyse reliability. The observational tool was divided into 3 different blocks: offensive actions, defensive actions, and actions taken before the defensive action of the goalkeeper. Only three of the total items achieved low values, with modifications, recording optimal values in accordance with Aiken’s V. Following the first step of the process taken by the experts, the new proposals were evaluated after a pilot test. The reliability test scored optimal values. An observational sheet was developed to manage the quantitative and qualitative assessments of the experts, and this tool was accepted as valid and reliable.</p