A Hybrid PV-Battery/Supercapacitor System and a Basic Active Power Control Proposal in MATLAB/Simulink

Blaabjerg, Frede/0000-0001-8311-7412; sahin, mustafa ergin/0000-0002-5121-6173WOS: 000516827000129An increase in the integration of renewable energy generation worldwide brings along some challenges to energy systems. Energy systems need to be regulated following grid codes for the grid stability and efficiency of renewable energy utilization. the main problems that are on the active side can be caused by excessive power generation or unregulated energy generation, such as a partially cloudy day. the main problems on the load side can be caused by excessive or unregulated energy demand or nonlinear loads which deteriorate the power quality of the energy networks. This study focuses on the energy generation side as active power control. in this study, the benefits of supercapacitor use in a hybrid storage system are investigated and analyzed. A hybrid system in which photovoltaic powered and stored the energy in battery and supercapacitor are proposed in this study to solving the main problems in two sides. the supercapacitor model, photovoltaic model, and the proposed hybrid system are designed in MATLAB/Simulink for 6 kW rated power. Also, a new topology is proposed to increase the energy storage with supercapacitors for a passive storage system. the instantaneous peak currents energy is aimed to store in supercapacitors temporarily with this topology. the main advantages of this topology are voltage stabilization in two sides by the supercapacitors and a limitation of the battery load, which directly results in longer battery life and decreases the system cost. the simulation results are investigated for this topology.Scientific&Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), 2219 postdoctoral research program [1059B191700997]This study was supported through the Scientific&Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), 2219 postdoctoral research program with a 1059B191700997 application number

A Hybrid Efficient PV-Battery Powered LED Lighting Scheme

As we all know now a day�s developing countries across Asia and Africa are hit with the serious energy crisis. So To fulfill the power demand people started looking towards renewable sources of energy such as solar and wind energy. In this paper fully controlled, flexible and self-adjusting LED lighting PV-Battery powered scheme using a pulse-width modulation (PWM) switching and controlled by a dual-loop error driven, time de-scaled, WM proportional-integral-derivative (WM-PID) control scheme for the PV-battery interfaced to the LED load. It decreases the amplitude of transient voltage and minimize inrush current for balancing common DC bus to the LED load. The new adjustable controller uses a directed dual-loop error-driven, error-time descaled controller for the PWM switching along with MOSFET/IGBT switches. The dual-action regulator uses error driven weighted modified (WM-PID) proportional-integral-derivative controller with quick response auxiliary derivative loops to achieve efficient control action

Two Cases of an Unusual Childhood Aortic Dissection Resulting in Death

Pediatric aortic dissection is an emergency condition that is difficult to diagnose and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. To draw attention to this issue, we present two male cases diagnosed with aortic dissection because of an autopsy. A 16-year-old man with severe new-onset chest pain had an unremarkable physical examination, electrocardiography, and laboratory values. Aortic dissection was not detected on non-contrast computed tomography or echocardiography. Type A aortic dissection was discovered during the patient's autopsy. In the second case, a 10-year-old male patient complained of fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The physical examination and biochemical tests were unremarkable. Type B aortic dissection was discovered during the autopsy. Genetic and congenital causes predisposing to aortic dissection and hypertension or a history of trauma were not detected in either patient. Aortic dissection, which is very rare in children, should be considered in cases of persistent chest pain, and rapid diagnosis with contrast-enhanced tomography is vital

Discovery of a Novel Compound with Anti-Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Activity That Targets the Nonstructural Protein 2

Abstract Alphaviruses present serious health threats as emerging and re-emerging viruses. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), a New World alphavirus, can cause encephalitis in humans and horses, but there are no therapeutics for treatment. To date, compounds reported as anti-VEEV or anti-alphavirus inhibitors have shown moderate activity. To discover new classes of anti-VEEV inhibitors with novel viral targets, we used a high-throughput screen based on the measurement of cell protection from live VEEV TC-83-induced cytopathic effect to screen a 340,000 compound library. Of those, we identified five novel anti-VEEV compounds and chose a quinazolinone compound, CID15997213 (IC50 = 0.84 µM), for further characterization. The antiviral effect of CID15997213 was alphavirus-specific, inhibiting VEEV and Western equine encephalitis virus, but not Eastern equine encephalitis virus. In vitro assays confirmed inhibition of viral RNA, protein, and progeny synthesis. No antiviral activity was detected against a select group of RNA viruses. We found mutations conferring the resistance to the compound in the N-terminal domain of nsP2 and confirmed the target residues using a reverse genetic approach. Time of addition studies showed that the compound inhibits the middle stage of replication when viral genome replication is most active. In mice, the compound showed complete protection from lethal VEEV disease at 50 mg/kg/day. Collectively, these results reveal a potent anti-VEEV compound that uniquely targets the viral nsP2 N-terminal domain. While the function of nsP2 has yet to be characterized, our studies suggest that the protein might play a critical role in viral replication, and further, may represent an innovative opportunity to develop therapeutic interventions for alphavirus infection. Author Summary Alphaviruses occur worldwide, causing significant diseases such as encephalitis or arthritis in humans and animals. In addition, some alphaviruses, such as VEEV, pose a biothreat due to their high infectivity and lack of available treatments. To discover small molecule inhibitors with lead development potential, we used a cell-based assay to screen 348,140 compounds for inhibition of a VEEV-induced cytopathic effect. The screen revealed a scaffold with high inhibitory VEEV cellular potency and low cytotoxicity liability. While most previously reported anti-alphavirus compounds inhibit host proteins, evidence supported that this scaffold targeted the VEEV nsP2 protein, and that inhibition was associated with viral replication. Interestingly, compound resistance studies with VEEV mapped activity to the N-terminal domain of nsP2, to which no known function has been attributed. Ultimately, this discovery has delivered a small molecule-derived class of potent VEEV inhibitors whose activity is coupled to the nsP2 viral protein, a novel target with a previously unestablished biological role that is now implicated in viral replication.This research was supported by the following funding sources: NIH R03MH087448-01A1, University of Louisville Internal Research Initiate grant to DHC, USAMRAA W81XWH-10-2-0064 and W81XWH-08-2-0024 to CBJ. Screening was provided by the Southern Research Specialized Screening Center (U54HG005034-0) and chemistry through the University of Kansas Specialized Chemistry Center (U54HG005031). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Putative Group I Introns in the Nuclear Internal Transcribed Spacer of the Basidiomycete Fungus Gautieria Vittad

Group I introns are self-splicing ribozymes that insert into protein and RNA coding genes. In ribosomal RNA genes, group I introns can intervene the small subunit (SSU) and large subunit (LSU) of various prokaryotic and lower eukaryotic organisms including protists and fungi. However, it is unusual to encounter them in the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. In this study, exceptionally long ITS regions of the fungal species from the genus Gautieria were analyzed. The unusually long ITS region of a newly isolated Gautireia specimen (ANK Akata and Sahin 001) and ITS sequences of the G. monticola isolates present in GenBank were bioinformatically analyzed. In addition to the presence of tandem repeats, the increased size of the ITS sequences analyzed herein was found to be due to the presence of group I introns in the ITS1 regions of both newly isolated specimen and different isolates of G. monticola. The secondary structures of the identified introns could be formed in accordance with the group I intron models, and they clustered with group I introns in conserved core domain-based phylogeny. The molecular phylogenetic analysis performed based on the ITS sequences of the genus Gautieria revealed the occurrence of at least two independent intron invasion event in the evolutionary process of this genus. This is the first study reporting on the presence of group I introns in the ITS region of a higher fungus

A photovoltaic powered electrolysis converter system with maximum power point tracking control

WOS: 000523719700003One of the main problems for renewable and other innovative energy sources is the storage of energy for sustainability. This study focuses on two different scenarios to benefit from solar energy more efficiently. Photovoltaic (PV) energy is converted to the desired voltage level using a buck converter for generating hydrogen with electrolysis process. A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is used to benefit from the photovoltaic sources more efficiently. the basic electrolysis load for hydrogen production needs low voltage and high current and controlled sensitively to supply these conditions. the photovoltaic powered buck converter for electrolysis load was simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software using a perturb and observe (P and 0) MPPT algorithm and PI controller. the simulation results show that in normal, short circuit and open circuit working conditions the PV and load voltages are stabilized. the efficiency of the proposed system is reached more than 90% for high irradiance levels. (C) 2020 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved