Perfil sociodemográfico del Partido de Gral. Alvarado : Un aporte al análisis de la sustentabilidad ambiental

La presente ponencia forma parte de un proyecto de investigación mayor, el cual tiene como objetivo propiciar instancias diagnósticas socioterritoriales del Partido de Gral. Alvarado en perspectiva ambiental, como base para ulteriores estudios de sustentabilidad ambiental. El diagnóstico requiere la identificación y análisis de configuraciones y organizaciones socioterritoriales desde un análisis que plantee la relación demanda socioambiental, referida a la población y sus actividades con la oferta biofísica del medio natural y las tecnoestructuras. Esferas, entre las que se plantean desajustes desde tales relaciones, desde lo que se procurará explicar e interpretar las problemáticas socioambientales emergentes, enfatizando en la riqueza de aportes de los actores sociales mediante abordajes teórico-metodológicos ad hoc (Bryant y Bayley, 1997).Evento también conocido bajo el nombre de "II Jornadas Platenses de Geografía"Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Comparación de diferentes parámetros de evaluación en sujetos con asma moderada estable sin exacerbación microbiana, tratados con Salmeterol-Fluticasona vs Ciclesonida y Salbutamol a demanda

El asma es una entidad clínica caracterizada por la combinación de tres factores: obstrucción de la vía aérea con reversibilidad espontánea y/o farmacológica, hiperrreactividad bronquial e inflamación local. Existen numerosas alternativas farmacológicas para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. En el presente trabajo se compararon parámetros de evaluación del estado asmático moderado, los episodios de exacerbación de etiología bacteriana y la colonización bucal por hongos en dos grupos de pacientes; 15 tratados con ciclesonida en dosis alta y salbutamol a demanda y 13 con salmeterol fluticasona en dosis fija durante 300 días de tratamiento. Hasta el momento se observó que ambas alternativas terapéuticas son válidas para el control de la enfermedad, ya que a pesar de la presencia en esputo, de bacterias potencialmente capaces de producir exacerbaciones, estas no ocurrieron durante el tiempo del estudio. La colonización por hongos de la cavidad oral se presentó en ambos grupos. Los parámetros de función pulmonar fueron comparables.Fil: Sagua, M.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Área MicrobiologíaFil: Elías, P.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Área Farmacología.Fil: Telechea, A.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Área MicrobiologíaFil: Molina, A.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Área Clínica MédicaFil: Garófoli, A.. Hospital Militar Regional Mendoza. Servicio de NeumonologíaFil: Fazio, C.. Hospital Militar Regional Mendoza. Servicio de NeumonologíaFil: Montbrun, M.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Área MicrobiologíaFil: Yunes, Roberto. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Área Farmacología.Fil: Montoya, P.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Área Farmacología

The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Neuroprogressive Diseases: Emerging Pathophysiological Role and Translational Implications

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main cellular organelle involved in protein synthesis, assembly and secretion. Accumulating evidence shows that across several neurodegenerative and neuroprogressive diseases, ER stress ensues, which is accompanied by over-activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Although the UPR could initially serve adaptive purposes in conditions associated with higher cellular demands and after exposure to a range of pathophysiological insults, over time the UPR may become detrimental, thus contributing to neuroprogression. Herein, we propose that immune-inflammatory, neuro-oxidative, neuro-nitrosative, as well as mitochondrial pathways may reciprocally interact with aberrations in UPR pathways. Furthermore, ER stress may contribute to a deregulation in calcium homoeostasis. The common denominator of these pathways is a decrease in neuronal resilience, synaptic dysfunction and even cell death. This review also discusses how mechanisms related to ER stress could be explored as a source for novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative and neuroprogressive diseases. The design of randomised controlled trials testing compounds that target aberrant UPR-related pathways within the emerging framework of precision psychiatry is warranted

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Safety of maintaining elective and emergency surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic with the introduction of a Protected Elective Surgical Unit (PESU): A cross-specialty evaluation of 30-day outcomes in 9,925 patients undergoing surgery in a University Health Board

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented health care challenges mandating surgical service reconfiguration. Within our hospital, emergency and elective streams were separated and self-contained Protected Elective Surgical Units were developed to mitigate against infection-related morbidity. Aims of this study were to determine the risk of COVID-19 transmission and mortality and whether the development of Protected Elective Surgical Units can result in significant reduction in risk. Methods A retrospective observational study of consecutive patients from 18 specialties undergoing elective or emergency surgery under general, spinal, or epidural anaesthetic over a 12-month study period was undertaken. Primary outcome measures were 30-day postoperative COVID-19 transmission rate and mortality. Secondary adjusted analyses were performed to ascertain hospital and Protected Elective Surgical Unit transmission rates. Results Between 15 March 2020 and 14 March 2021, 9,925 patients underwent surgery: 6,464 (65.1%) elective, 5,116 (51.5%) female, and median age 57 (39–70). A total of 69.5% of all procedures were performed in Protected Elective Surgical Units. Overall, 30-day postoperative COVID-19 transmission was 2.8% (3.4% emergency vs 1.2% elective P  70, male sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade > 2, and emergency surgery were all independently associated with mortality. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that Protected Elective Surgical Units can facilitate high-volume elective surgical services throughout peaks of the COVID-19 pandemic while minimising viral transmission and mortality. However, mortality risk associated with perioperative COVID-19 infection remains high