КРУГЛИЙ СТІЛ ЯК ОДИН ІЗ МЕТОДІВ ФОРМУВАННЯ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ЛІКАРЯ

The aim of the work – to improve the effectiveness and quality of young doctors training, by using new methods of education. The main body. When forming a future doctor, as a competitive professional, it is important to use different dimensions, technics and forms of tuition. First of all, it is necessary to teach a student how to think clinically, analyse and apply acquired skills in clinical practice, broad student’s world view. One of possible ways of achieving all this is carrying round tables with different topics. During the preparations to round table students obtain habits of working with science literature and skills to use various educational and scientific resources. Preparation to public speech and speech itself requires usage of analytical thinking, skills to select the main thing, to construct the report logically, predict possible questions and be ready to provide scientifically proven answers. Conclusion. Therefore, using round table as a form of education, allows not only to form and extend clinical thought of future doctor more effective, but improves skills of working with scientifical medical literature, ability to communicate with patients and audience, competence to guide the educating work among the patients, to promote the direct care.Мета роботи – підвищити ефективність та якість підготовки майбутніх лікарів, використовуючи нові методи навчання. Основна частина. Формуючи майбутнього лікаря як конкурентоспроможного спеціаліста, слід використовувати різні напрямки, методи та форми навчання. В першу чергу, необхідно навчити студента мислити клінічно, аналізувати та використовувати набуті знання в клінічній роботі, розширити його світогляд. Одним із засобів цього досягнути є проведення круглих столів за різною тематикою. Під час підготовки до проведення цього заходу в студентів формуються навички та звички роботи з науковою літературою, вміння користуватися різними освітніми та науковими ресурсами. Підготовка до публічного виступу і сам виступ вимагають використання аналітичного мислення, вміння вибрати найголовніше, логічно побудувати доповідь, передбачити можливі запитання та бути готовим дати науково обґрунтовані відповіді на них. Висновок. Використання такої форми навчання, як круглий стіл, дозволяє не тільки більш ефективно формувати та поглиблювати клінічне мислення майбутнього лікаря, удосконалювати навички та вміння працювати з науковою медичною літературою, спілкуватися з пацієнтами, працювати з аудиторією, але й проводити просвітницьку діяльність серед пацієнтів, сприяючи покращенню лікувального процесу

Correlation of intracardiac hemodynamics indicators with von Willebrand factor – Marker of endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease combined with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

The research relevance is predefined by the need to establish the relationship and identify new markers and potential contributions to clinical practice and scientific progress. This opens up new opportunities for further development in the field of cardiology and infectious diseases, which is of great importance for improving diagnosis and treatment. The research aims to establish the relationship between indicators and the role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of various conditions. The clinical observation method was used, and data such as symptoms, medical history, and laboratory and instrumental studies were collected. The conclusions of the study are based on the analysis of the collected data and indicate the existence of a relationship between the indicators. The study revealed an increased activity of von Willebrand factor in the majority of patients. When comparing groups of patients depending on the presence of concomitant coronavirus disease, it was found that the highest level of von Willebrand factor was observed in patients with coronary heart disease in combination with coronavirus disease, a lower level in patients with coronavirus disease alone, and the lowest level in patients with chronic coronary heart disease. This indicates a correlation between the level of von Willebrand factor and the presence of concomitant coronavirus disease, which emphasises the importance of vascular endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease. It was found that the value of the von Willebrand factor correlates with the left ventricular end-diastolic size in both patients with coronary heart disease and patients with coronary heart disease in combination with coronavirus disease. This demonstrates that there is a strong association between von Willebrand factor and the clinical manifestation of coronary heart disease in combination with coronavirus disease, which may indicate a dysfunction of the vascular endothelium in these patients

Assessment of Varieties of Spring Barley of Selection of Omsk Agrarian Research Center for Adaptivity of Mass of 1000 Grains

Considering climatic factors and production demands, selection for increased productivity and adaptability to local climatic factors is currently relevant. To create new varieties of barley with the listed factors, a promising source material with improved adaptive qualities is required. One of the leading structural elements that determine the productivity of a variety is the mass of 1000 grains. Objective: to assess the adaptability of spring barley varieties from the selection of the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center in terms of the mass of 1000 grains. The object of research was 11 varieties of spring barley breeding Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center. Based on this indicator, the following adaptability parameters were calculated: the indicator of the size of the grain size, the coefficient of variation, the coefficient and ecovalent of ecological plasticity, the relative stability of the trait and homeostaticity. The final assessment was carried out according to the sum of ranks obtained by each applied method, given that rank 1 is higher. The average weight of 1000 grains of barley varieties, breeding of the Omsk ANC, was 45.7 g in membranous and 40.9 g in huskless. According to the results of adaptability studies, stable varieties were identified that are poorly responsive to changes in cultivation conditions and better adapted to medium and low levels of agriculture: Omsky 95, Gift of Siberia and Omsk huskless 2 (the sum of ranks ranged from 22.0 to 29.0). Varieties Sibirsky Avant-garde, Sasha, Omsky 91, Omskyhuskless 1 and Omsky 90 (sum of ranks from 38.0 to 51.0) are classified as plastic ones – the change in grain size of these varieties is fully consistent with the change in growing conditions. Strong responsiveness to changing conditions was found in varieties Omsky 96, Omsky 100 and Omsky 99 (the sum of ranks varies from 59.0 to 63.0) – these varieties belong to the intensive group, which means less adaptability to adverse conditions

Improvement of radiopurity level of enriched 116^{116}CdWO4_4 and ZnWO4_4 crystal scintillators by recrystallization

As low as possible radioactive contamination of a detector plays a crucial role to improve sensitivity of a double beta decay experiment. The radioactive contamination of a sample of $^{116}$CdWO$_4$ crystal scintillator by thorium was reduced by a factor $\approx 10$, down to the level 0.01 mBq/kg ($^{228}$Th), by exploiting the recrystallization procedure. The total alpha activity of uranium and thorium daughters was reduced by a factor $\approx 3$, down to 1.6 mBq/kg. No change in the specific activity (the total $\alpha$ activity and $^{228}$Th) was observed in a sample of ZnWO$_4$ crystal produced by recrystallization after removing $\approx 0.4$ mm surface layer of the crystal.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures and 2 table

КАФЕДРА ЕНДОКРИНОЛОГІЇ ЛЬВІВСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО МЕДИЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ ДАНИЛА ГАЛИЦЬКОГО: ІСТОРІЯ ТА СЬОГОДЕННЯ

The aim of the work – to recreate and analyze the main stages in the department establishment, to highlight the main areas of educational and scientific activities.   The main body. The Department of Endocrinology – one of the first in Ukraine as a separate unit – was established in 1978 on the basis of the Lviv Regional Endocrinology Dispensary; was led by Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor Ya. I. Tomashevskyi. Scientific school created by him studied conditions of hormonal regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis during formation of diabetes mellitus, thyroid gland pathology, autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome. Under the direction of Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor O. O. Serhiiko, who led the department from 1999 to 2013, studies on metabolic disorders in diabetes mellitus were conducted. In 2014 the head of the department became Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor A. M. Urbanovych, her scientific research is related to pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases during diabetes mellitus and obesity, the role of adipose tissue hormones in the development of endocrinopathies. Together with the department team she continues and creatively develops the scientific, pedagogical and clinical traditions of the Lviv Endocrinological School. The activity is analyzed and the main achievements of the department are presented at the present stage. Conclusions. An analysis of the historical experience of the establishment and development of the department of endocrinology showed the existence of a long tradition of formation of the teaching staff, the professional training of doctors-endocrinologists, the unity and constant interrelation of all types of activities in the formation of this category of specialists.Мета роботи – відтворити й проаналізувати основні етапи становлення кафедри, висвітлити основні напрямки педагогічної та наукової діяльності. Основна частина. Кафедра ендокринології – одна з перших в Україні як окремий підрозділ – була створена 1978 року на базі Львівського обласного ендокринологічного диспансеру; її очолив доктор медичних наук, професор Я. І. Томашевський. Головним напрямом створеної ним наукової школи стали дослідження станів гормональної регуляції процесів гліколізу та глюконеогенезу на етапах формування цукрового діабету, патології щитоподібної залози, автоімунного поліендокринного синдрому. Під керівництвом доктора медичних наук, професора О. О. Сергієнка, який завідував кафедрою з 1999 до 2013 року, здійснювалися дослідження порушень метаболізму при цукровому діабеті. У 2014 році кафедру очолила доктор медичних наук, доцент А. М. Урбанович, її наукові дослідження стосуються патогенезу серцево-судинних захворювань при цукровому діабеті та ожирінні, ролі гормонів жирової тканини у розвитку ендокринопатій. Проаналізована діяльність та наведені основні досягнення кафедри на сучасному етапі. Висновок. Аналіз історичного досвіду становлення і розвитку кафедри ендокринології засвідчив існування тривалої традиції формування професорсько-викладацького колективу, фахової підготовки лікарів-ендокринологів, єдності та постійного взаємозв’язку всіх видів діяльності у становленні цієї категорії спеціалістів

Adaptability of spring oat yield in the environments of the Near-Irtysh area in Omsk Province

Background. The increasing interest in spring oats is constrained by high lability of climate factors in the local environments, which causes considerable variability of yields in different years. This situation may be changed by identifying, developing and introducing new oat cultivars. The aim of this work is to assess the adaptive potential of yield in spring oat cultivars developed at Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center in the environments of the Near-Irtysh area in Omsk Province, taking into account the most common statistical parameters. The object of the research were 9 spring oat cultivars recommended for cultivation in the region and undergoing the State Variety Trials: ‘Orion’ (reference), ‘Irtysh 13’, ‘Irtysh 21’, ‘Irtysh 23’, ‘Tarsky 2’, ‘Pamyati Bogachkova’, ‘Skakun’, ‘Fakel’ and ‘Sibirsky Gerkules’. Materials and methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 2011–2017 on the experimental fields of Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center located in the southern forest-steppe area. Agricultural practice used in the experiments was conventional for West Siberia. Mathematical data processing was based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA); yield adaptability, stability and plasticity parameters were calculated. Results. The most plastic (according to A. A. Gryaznov’s methodology) were the cultivars ‘Orion’, ‘Sibirsky Gerkules’, ‘Fakel’, ‘Tarsky 2’ and ‘Irtysh 21’ with indices of environmental plasticity 1.00– 1.07. According to S. A. Eberhard’s and W. A. Russell’s criteria, plasticity was identified in ‘Pamyati Bogachkova’, ‘Fakel’, ‘Sibirsky Gerkules’, ‘Irtysh 13’, ‘Irtysh 21’ and ‘Tarsky 2’ (linear regression coefficient: 1.10÷1.30). High stress resistance (according to A. A. Rossielle and J. Hemblin’s technique) was observed in ‘Irtysh 23’, ‘Skakun’ and ‘Orion’ (up to ‒3.0). Highly stable (according to S. A. Eberhard and W. A. Russell) were ‘Orion’, ‘Irtysh 21’, ‘Tarsky 2’, ‘Pamyati Bogachkova’, ‘Irtysh 13’, ‘Skakun’ and ‘Sibirsky Gerkules’ with minimal nonlinear deviations from the regression line (0.1–0.3). High compensatory capacity (according to A. A. Rossielle and J. Hemblin) was shown by ‘Tarsky 2’, ‘Irtysh 21’, ‘Pamyati Bogachkova’, ‘Fakel’ and ‘Orion’ (4.00÷4.20). The most adaptable cultivars (according to L. A. Zhivotkov) were ‘Sibirsky Gerkules’, ‘Irtysh 21’, ‘Tarsky 2’, ‘Fakel’ and ‘Orion’ (adaptability coefficient: 1.00–1.07%). The cultivars ‘Irtysh 13’, ‘Pamyati Bogachkova’, ‘Fakel’ and ‘Sibirsky Gerkules’ were identified (according to V. A. Dragavtsev) as intensive-type cultivars (multiplicative coefficient: 2.30); ‘Orion’, ‘Irtysh 21’, Tarsky 2’ and ‘Skakun’ as semi-intensive ones (2.00÷2.10); and ’Irtysh 23’ as an extensive-type cultivar (1.82). Conclusion. In compliance with the principle of variety ranking, the cultivars ‘Tarsky 2’, ‘Irtysh 21’, ‘Sibirsky Gerkules’, ‘Pamyati Bogachkova’ and ‘Fakel’ are most suitable for cultivation under local environmental conditions

Agrobiological characteristics of hulless barley cultivars developed at Omsk agrarian Scientific Center

Background. An extremely important task today is to develop new hulless barley cultivars, capable of yielding large and high-quality grain harvests, and introduce them into agricultural production. Objective. The purpose was to study three hulless barley cultivars ‘Omsky golozerny 2’, ‘Omsky golozerny 4’ and ‘Maysky’, developed at Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, in order to describe their agrobiological characteristics.Materials and methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 2015–2017 on the experimental fields of Omsk ASC in the southern forest steppe (third crop rotation after the wheat predecessor; fourth crop after fallow). There were 4 replications on the plot of 10 m2. The seeding rate was 4 million viable seeds per 1 ha. Agricultural practice used in the experiments was conventional for West Siberia. Parameters of stability and plasticity were calculated according to Eberhart and Russell, Wricke; adaptability, according to Zhivotkov; homeostasis, according to Khangildin; stress tolerance and compensatory ability, according to Rossielle and Hemblin.Results. Many years of breeding work at Omsk ASC resulted in the development of three hulless barley cultivars: ‘Omsky golozerny 2’ (listed in the State Register of the Russian Federation for regions 9, 10 and 11), ‘Omsky golozerny 4’ (submitted for the State Crop Variety Trials in 2017), and ‘Maysky’ (not included in the State Register). The new hulless barley cultivar ‘Omsky golozerny 4’, considering its higher productivity (+1.36 g to the reference in 1000 grain weight, and +0.73 t/ha to cv. ‘Maysky’), in the yield of nutrients per area unit equaled the reference ‘Omsky golozerny 2’, but exceeded ‘Maysky’ (+47.2 kg/ha of protein, +390 kg/ha of starch, and +42.4 kg/ha of crude fat). ‘Omsky golozerny 4’ was also characterized by stability (stability = 4.8), increased compensatory ability (3.29) and adaptability (103%). There was an increase in productivity with improved growing conditions (ecological plasticity = 1.25). ‘Maysky’ had higher stress tolerance (–1.35), while the reference ‘Omsky golozerny 2’ showed increased homeostasis (0.118). Thus, ‘Omsky golozerny 4’ exceeded the previous two cultivars in adaptability and stability

Psychological and Pedagogical Support for Formation of Psychological Preparedness for Motherhood

В статье показано противоречие между интересом к теме материнства со стороны государства и продолжающимся демографическим кризисом, что делает необходимым учет психологической составляющей материнства. Цель статьи - смоделировать психолого-педагогическое сопровождение процесса формирования психологической готовности к материнству.The article shows the contradiction between the state's interest in the topic of motherhood and the ongoing demographic crisis, which makes it necessary to take into account the psychological component of motherhood. The purpose of the article - to model the psychological and pedagogical support of the process of forming psychological readiness for motherhood

Retrospective analysis of spring barley cultivars developed by Omsk breeders (1936–2021)

Plant breeding is an endless conveyor belt: cultivars developed earlier are included in hybridization plans and become the sources for new ones. The main tasks in barley improvement through breeding include raising the productivity of cultivars, improving their quality, and strengthening disease resistance. Correct selection, use, and studying of the source material – that is the key to successful breeding efforts. The first and most important step in constructing a cultivar is the process of hybridization. A valuable source of aid, and often the basis for newly developed cultivars, is the global collection of VIR, whose importance can hardly be overestimated. From 1936 to 2021, 27 barley cultivars were released: they are widely cultivated in Russia and Kazakhstan. Of these, 19 cultivars were obtained by pair hybridization; 4 cultivars by the complex stepwise hybridization technique; 4 cultivars through individual selection using the population approach. Despite the high importance of germplasm collection materials, 21 cultivars were produced by hybridization using a genotype selected at Omsk as one of the parental forms: in 16 cultivars, a local genotype was used as a maternal parent; in 12, as a paternal one; and in 8 cultivars, both parent forms were bred at Omsk Agricultural Scientific Center. Our retrospective analysis of a number of Omsk spring barley cultivars, on the one hand, confirms the earlier conclusions of Siberian scientists about a limited number of base crop cultivars, and on the other, attests to very rich pedigrees of spring barley cultivars in terms of the number of parent forms from the VIR global collection. Siberian barley ecotypes, characterized by increased adaptability to local harsh climate factors, should be further preserved in the national crop germplasm repository at VIR

Changes in oat grain yield and quality with increased adaptability of cultivars

Background. Among spring cereals, oat is one of the main grain crops in Siberia. The aim of this study was to determine how the parameters of adaptability in oat cultivars are correlated with yield and basic indicators of grain quality.Material and methods. The studies were carried out from 2011 to 2019 in the southern forest steppe of Western Siberia. The content of protein, crude fat and starch in grain, and its hull content were measured according to B. V. Pleshkov and N. S. Berkutova. Mathematical processing was performed following the guidelines by B. A. Dospekhov, S. A. Eberhart and W. A. Russell.Results. There was a significant variation in grain yield and grain quality (CV > 20%) in oat cultivars due to a high contribution from the conditions of the year (26.7...80.9%) as well as a strong direct (r = 0,607...0.825) or strong reverse (r = –0.660...–0.994) conjugation with climatic factors. As the protein content in grain increased, starch, oil (r = 0.960...0.962) and hull content (r = 0.442) increased as well. Naked oat cultivars manifested higher grain quality (4.6% protein, 17.6% starch, and 2.2% crude fat) and reduced yield (–1.45 t/ha) compared with hulled oat cultivars.Conclusion. Increased plasticity (bi) and stability (σ2d) of oat cultivars contributed to higher yields (rbi = 0.943;rσ2d = 0.344) but reduced grain quality indicators (rbi = –0.697…–0.812;rσ2d = –0.270…–0.300). Hull content in plastic cultivars decreased (rbi = –0.201)