Jammu and Kashmir on the Eve of Partition- A Study of Political Conditions

With the partition of the Indian Subcontinent Jammu and Kashmir presented a very chaotic and confusing picture. It was a Muslim majority state ruled by a Hindu monarch. Both India and Pakistan wanted to control Kashmir because of its strategic location and geo-political importance. Geographically, economically and demographically, Kashmir was contiguous more to Pakistan than India. However, events moved with lightening rapidity and the state ended up being part of India by virtue of the controversial accession. This paper is an attempt to understand the political conditions and loyalties of Kashmir at the time of partition. An endeavour has been made to understand the background of the tribal invasion and the accession of the state to Indi

Evidence Based Patient Room Design and Improving Outcomes: Case of Healthcare Facility in Saudi Arabia

In healthcare facility, designing inpatient units are very crucial because its physical infrastructure and built environment not only effect patients and family but also Healthcare staff and their outcomes. This Study aimed to cover technical considerations of planning and designing of patient Room Unit in context of future emerging trend with mainly focus on evidence-based user Centered Care Approach and their physical infrastructural, emotional and social need for improved outcomes. The Methodology through engagement of various techniques to gather information of healthcare facilities through observation, Literature review of published journals, academic papers, also Data collection in this qualitative study and basic concept background are investigated through online survey and observation for Saudi Arabia specialized and tertiary Healthcare system. The results are dependent on the overall experience of staff, patient and visitors, and the key design elements that support zoning of space with higher level of satisfaction rate with respectively 87% with positive outcome response (very satisfied/satisfied), 9% Neutral, 4% negative response (Unsatisfied /Very unsatisfied) with respect to overall user experience. This paper shall be useful in assessing design features of Patient room and work flow efficiency. A significant relationship was established between user's preferences, comfort factors, overall need and satisfaction in the patient room

Identification of GLI1 and KIAA0825 Variants in Two Families with Postaxial Polydactyly

Polydactyly is a rare autosomal dominant or recessive appendicular patterning defect of the hands and feet, phenotypically characterized by the duplication of digits. Postaxial polydactyly (PAP) is the most common form and includes two main types: PAP type A (PAPA) and PAP type B (PAPB). Type A involves a well-established extra digit articulated with the fifth or sixth metacarpal, while type B presents a rudimentary or poorly developed superfluous digit. Pathogenic variants in several genes have been identified in isolated and syndromic forms of polydactyly. The current study presents two Pakistani families with autosomal recessive PAPA with intra- and inter-familial phenotype variability. Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger analysis revealed a novel missense variant in KIAA0825 (c.3572C>T: p.Pro1191Leu) in family A and a known nonsense variant in GLI1 (c.337C>T: p.Arg113*) in family B. In silico studies of mutant KIAA0825 and GLI1 proteins revealed considerable structural and interactional modifications that suggest an abnormal function of the proteins leading to the disease phenotype. The present study broadens the mutational spectrum of KIAA0825 and demonstrates the second case of a previously identified GLI1 variant with variable phenotypes. These findings facilitate genetic counseling in Pakistani families with a polydactyly-related phenotype

The G132S mutation enhances the resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis β-lactamase against sulbactam

NWOMacromolecular Biochemistr

Potential of Core-Collapse Supernova Neutrino Detection at JUNO

JUNO is an underground neutrino observatory under construction in Jiangmen, China. It uses 20kton liquid scintillator as target, which enables it to detect supernova burst neutrinos of a large statistics for the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and also pre-supernova neutrinos from the nearby CCSN progenitors. All flavors of supernova burst neutrinos can be detected by JUNO via several interaction channels, including inverse beta decay, elastic scattering on electron and proton, interactions on C12 nuclei, etc. This retains the possibility for JUNO to reconstruct the energy spectra of supernova burst neutrinos of all flavors. The real time monitoring systems based on FPGA and DAQ are under development in JUNO, which allow prompt alert and trigger-less data acquisition of CCSN events. The alert performances of both monitoring systems have been thoroughly studied using simulations. Moreover, once a CCSN is tagged, the system can give fast characterizations, such as directionality and light curve

Detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO

As an underground multi-purpose neutrino detector with 20 kton liquid scintillator, Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is competitive with and complementary to the water-Cherenkov detectors on the search for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Typical supernova models predict 2-4 events per year within the optimal observation window in the JUNO detector. The dominant background is from the neutral-current (NC) interaction of atmospheric neutrinos with 12C nuclei, which surpasses the DSNB by more than one order of magnitude. We evaluated the systematic uncertainty of NC background from the spread of a variety of data-driven models and further developed a method to determine NC background within 15\% with {\it{in}} {\it{situ}} measurements after ten years of running. Besides, the NC-like backgrounds can be effectively suppressed by the intrinsic pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities of liquid scintillators. In this talk, I will present in detail the improvements on NC background uncertainty evaluation, PSD discriminator development, and finally, the potential of DSNB sensitivity in JUNO

Real-time Monitoring for the Next Core-Collapse Supernova in JUNO

Core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is one of the most energetic astrophysical events in the Universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before (pre-SN) and during the SN burst is a unique opportunity to realize the multi-messenger observation of the CCSN events. In this work, we describe the monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to the pre-SN and SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), which is a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector under construction in South China. The real-time monitoring system is designed with both the prompt monitors on the electronic board and online monitors at the data acquisition stage, in order to ensure both the alert speed and alert coverage of progenitor stars. By assuming a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system can be sensitive to the pre-SN neutrinos up to the distance of about 1.6 (0.9) kpc and SN neutrinos up to about 370 (360) kpc for a progenitor mass of 30$M_{\odot}$ for the case of normal (inverted) mass ordering. The pointing ability of the CCSN is evaluated by using the accumulated event anisotropy of the inverse beta decay interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos, which, along with the early alert, can play important roles for the followup multi-messenger observations of the next Galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure

The Impact of Occupational Stress on the productivity of University Employees

Occupational stress is a major concern in the workplace. The purpose of the research was to investigate the impact of occupational stress on productivity among university staff in Pakistan. The study also examined the difference between the effects of stress on male and female university employees' productivity. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The study's target population was recruited from Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University departments. The sample size of N = 125 was calculated using Rao software. A questionnaire (Occupational Stress Scale) was used to obtain quantitative data. The data was gathered by survey research method. SPSS (Version 27) was used to analyze the data, and the data was computed using Chi-square and percentage analysis. The findings indicated that occupational stress has a significant effect on employee productivity. Additionally, there is also a significant difference in the impact of job stress on male and female employees. The findings also indicated that more than 80% of the employees are experiencing occupational stress. The research is a significant contribution to existing literature on the effects of occupational stress on employee productivity and associated parameters. The study's findings can be used to develop workshops to help workers cope with stress and thereby enhance productivity. Keywords: Occupational stress, Employee productivity, Employees, Workplace

تصوف اور انسانی عظمت کا تحقیقی جائزہ

The aim of the study is to describe how mysticism can help to curb terrorism across the global. According to its proponents mysticism is based on obedience and love for God which helps a perse not only to discover a creator but his own self also. All school of mysticism agree that a man cannot achieve godliness if he ignores his fellow human beings. Man holds the central position in the teachings of all religions and by discovering the secrets of the universe he has justified his title of “crow of the creations”. Even in the secular western traditions which have done away with the traditional religious teachings, man has been assigned a dignified position. Humanism takes precedence over everything; Both mysticism and secular humanism agree on the fact that humanity is above everything In other words mysticism can be called a religion of compassion for other human beings. It raises above creed sect and tribal differences. Mysticism considers human species one family. Therefore mysticism can help in resolving religious national and class difference Mysticism is even more important in this modern age because hatred, terrorism and extremism are important everywhere. No other school of thought can help to unite the whole of humanity on one platform as mysticism does. To sum up these is a dire need of promoting mysticism in both conceptual and practical spheres. This is the only way for man to regain his lost-glory and turn this world into a peaceful place