Aplikasi Model Hidrologi Konseptual untuk Pengalihragaman Hujan Debit Menggunakan Pendekatan GR4J (Studi Kasus : Sub DAS Indragiri Bagian Hulu)

On this study to review the rainfall-runoff modeling of GR4J (Ge'nie Rural a`4parame`tres Journalier) on Watershed (DAS) Indragiri Bagian Hulu. In this study using two methods:by modeling GR4J and length of the data elaboration method for calibration and verification. This GR4J models using input data including daily data of rainfall at the Lubuk Ramo stationand daily data of evapotranspiration potential is the result of a program CropWat within input data is climatological data at Sentajo stations, modeling results is tested using daily data of discharge observations on the Pulau Berhala station. This modeling to optimize four free parameters such as Maximum Capacity Production Store (X1) is 1200,00 mm, Coefficient Changes in Ground water (X2) is 3,00 mm, Maximum Capacity Routing Store (X3) is 20,00 mm, and Peak Time Ordinate unit hydrograph (X4) 24,75 days. In the second method, performed of calibration in certainly year and verification in thereafther. As a determinant of the model's success is use dequation NashSutcliffe Coefficient (R2) and the correlation coefficien tmethod (R) to calculate the deviation occurs

Are there any good digraph width measures?

Several different measures for digraph width have appeared in the last few years. However, none of them shares all the "nice" properties of treewidth: First, being \emph{algorithmically useful} i.e. admitting polynomial-time algorithms for all \MS1-definable problems on digraphs of bounded width. And, second, having nice \emph{structural properties} i.e. being monotone under taking subdigraphs and some form of arc contractions. As for the former, (undirected) \MS1 seems to be the least common denominator of all reasonably expressive logical languages on digraphs that can speak about the edge/arc relation on the vertex set.The latter property is a necessary condition for a width measure to be characterizable by some version of the cops-and-robber game characterizing the ordinary treewidth. Our main result is that \emph{any reasonable} algorithmically useful and structurally nice digraph measure cannot be substantially different from the treewidth of the underlying undirected graph. Moreover, we introduce \emph{directed topological minors} and argue that they are the weakest useful notion of minors for digraphs

Undirected Graphs of Entanglement Two

Entanglement is a complexity measure of directed graphs that origins in fixed point theory. This measure has shown its use in designing efficient algorithms to verify logical properties of transition systems. We are interested in the problem of deciding whether a graph has entanglement at most k. As this measure is defined by means of games, game theoretic ideas naturally lead to design polynomial algorithms that, for fixed k, decide the problem. Known characterizations of directed graphs of entanglement at most 1 lead, for k = 1, to design even faster algorithms. In this paper we present an explicit characterization of undirected graphs of entanglement at most 2. With such a characterization at hand, we devise a linear time algorithm to decide whether an undirected graph has this property

Senyawa Bufadienolida Yang Bersifat Insektisida, Daigremontianin Dari Daun Cocor Bebek (Kalanchoe Daigremontiana)

Dalam penelitian berkelanjutan untuk pencarian senyawa-senyawa yang bersifat insektisida daritanaman Kalanchoe (Cocor bebek) Indonesia, diperoleh hasil bahwa ekstrak metanol daun Cocorbebek (Kalanchoe daigremontiana) memberikan aktivitas insektisida yang kuat terhadap instar ke tigalarva ulat sutera (Bombyx mori). Ekstrak metanol yang diperoleh selanjutnya dipisahkan senyawasenyawanyamenggunakan partisi dengan pelarut organik dan kombinasi kolom kromatografi padasilika gel dan ODS sehingga dihasilkan satu senyawa aktif insektisida. Struktur kimia senyawa yangbersifat insektisida tersebut ditentukan dengan metoda spektroskopi dan perbandingan data spektrasenyawa analog yang telah diperoleh dari penelitian sebelumnya sehingga senyawa aktif insektisidatersebut diidentifikasikan sebagai senyawa turunan bufadienolida, daigremontianin. Daegremontianinmenunjukkan aktivitas insektisidal yang kuat terhadap instar ke tiga ulat sutera (Bombyx mori) denganLD50 0,9 μg/g diet

Senyawa Katekin yang Bersifat Toksik dari Kulit Batang Tumbuhan Surian (Toona Sinensis)

Dua senyawa katekin, katekin termetilasi (1) danbikatekin termetilasi (2) telah diisolasi dari kulit batangtumbuhan Toona sinensis (Meliaceae). Struktur kimiasenyawa 1 dan 2 diidentifikasi berdasarkan data-dataspektroskopi dan perbandingan data spektra yangdiperoleh sebelumnya. Senyawa 1 dan 2 dievaluasiaktivitas toksiknya terhadap benur udang (Artemiasalina). Senyawa 1 dan 2 menunjukkan aktivitas toksikyang kuat terhadap Artemia salina dengan nilai LC50berturut-turut, 30,3 dan 36,4 μg/mL

Fatigue interventions in long term, physical health conditions: A scoping review of systematic reviews.

OBJECTIVE: Fatigue is prominent across many long term physical health conditions. This scoping review aimed to map the fatigue intervention literature, to ascertain if certain interventions may be effective across conditions, and if novel interventions tested in specific long term conditions may be promising for other conditions. METHODS: Scoping review methodological frameworks were used. Electronic bibliographic databases were searched (inception to November 2016) for systematic reviews of fatigue interventions in long term conditions. Inclusion criteria were: long term physical health condition; review focus on fatigue management; objective and systematic review process; primary review outcome is fatigue. Articles focussing on surgical interventions or treatments thought to trigger fatigue were excluded. A narrative synthesis was performed. RESULTS: Of 115 full texts screened, 52 reviews were included. Interventions were categorised as pharmacological and non-pharmacological (exercise, psychological/behavioural and complementary medicine). Pharmacological interventions did not consistently demonstrate benefit, except for anti-TNFs and methylphenidate which may be effective at reducing fatigue. Non-pharmacological interventions such as graded exercise and fatigue-specific psychological interventions may be effective, but heterogeneous intervention components limit conclusions. 'Complementary medicine' interventions (e.g. Chinese herbal medicines) showed promise, but the possibility of publication bias must be considered. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is necessary to inform clinical practice. The reported effectiveness of some interventions across inflammatory health conditions, such as anti-TNFs, aerobic exercise, and psychologically based approaches such as CBT, highlights a potential transdiagnostic avenue for fatigue management. More novel strategies that may be worth exploring include expressive writing and mindfulness, although the mechanisms for these in relation to fatigue are unclear. More work is needed to identify transdiagnostic mechanisms of fatigue and to design interventions based on these

A SVM-based method for face recognition using a wavelet PCA representation

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a new method of fac

Body-assisted van der Waals interaction between two atoms

Using fourth-order perturbation theory, a general formula for the van der Waals potential of two neutral, unpolarized, ground-state atoms in the presence of an arbitrary arrangement of dispersing and absorbing magnetodielectric bodies is derived. The theory is applied to two atoms in bulk material and in front of a planar multilayer system, with special emphasis on the cases of a perfectly reflecting plate and a semi-infinite half space. It is demonstrated that the enhancement and reduction of the two-atom interaction due to the presence of a perfectly reflecting plate can be understood, at least in the nonretarded limit, by using the method of image charges. For the semi-infinite half space, both analytical and numerical results are presented.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figure