Developmental and gender trends in emotional literacy and interpersonal competence among Japanese children

This study explored cross-sectional gender and grade level trends in emotional literacy and interpersonal competence among 913 elementary and middle school students in Japan. Students were presented with two hypothetical scenarios involving mixed emotions and potential interpersonal dilemmas. Results indicated that older children possess greater emotional literacy when compared to younger children. Additionally, girls identified a greater number of emotions, were better able to identify mixed emotions, and were more likely to identify empathic interpersonal behaviours. These gender and grade level considerations may be incorporated into social-emotional learning curricula to enhance the utility and effectiveness of programs for diverse populations.peer-reviewe

DIMERIC MOLECULAR AGGREGATION MOTIF IN CRYSTAL OF 2,7-DIETHOXY-1-(4-NITROBENZOYL)NAPHTHALENE: CORRELATION OF SINGLE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, MOLECULAR ACCUMULATION STRUCTURE AND NON-COVALENT-BONDING INTERACTIONS

Crystal structure of 2,7-diethoxy-1-(4-nitrobenzoyl)naphthalene, C21H19NO5, is reported and discussed on the characteristics of the spatial organization of single molecule and molecular aggregation as contrasted with a homologous compound. The molecular structures of these compounds differ only in the kind of alkoxy group of 2,7-positions of naphthalene rings, i.e., ethoxy groups for title compound and methoxy ones for homologue. In single molecular crystal structure, the 4-nitrobenzoyl groups of these molecules are attached non-coplanarly to the naphthalene ring. The congested situation makes bonds connecting naphthalene ring and carbonyl group fixed to turn stereogenetic, which allow the independent existence of atrope stereoisomers of (R)- and (S)-enantiomeric conformer molecules, contrary to their solute state where the fast interconversion disturbs the distinction of the enantiomeric molecules. The two pairs of the enantiomeric molecules are related by two-fold helical axis in the asymmetric unit of P21/n space group for title compound and P21/c for homologous compound, exhibiting the number of molecules (Z) is four for both compounds. In crystal of title compound, (R)- and (S)-enantiomers are connected to each other by pi…pi stacking interaction and two types of C–H…O=N non-classical hydrogen bonds, (sp2)C–H…O=N and (sp3)C–H…O=N non-classical hydrogen bonds along b-axis, forming centrosymmetric dimeric molecular aggregates. The dimeric units are stacked into columnar structure by (sp2)C–H…O=C non-classical hydrogen bonds between molecular unit of identical enantiomeric configuration along a-axis. The columns are also connected by (sp2)C–H…OEt non-classical hydrogen bonds between molecular unit of identical enantiomeric configuration along c-axis to give sheet-like aggregate composed of molecules of same enantiomeric configuration spreading on ac-plane. The sheets are piled up through (sp3)C–H…pi non-classical hydrogen bonds between opposite enantiomeric molecular units of next dimeric aggregates along b-axis. In crystal of the homologous compound, 2,7-dimethoxy-1-(4-nitrobenzoyl)naphthalene, centrosymmetric dimeric aggregate resulted from the association of (R)- and (S)-enantiomers via pi…pi stacking interactions are also observed. The centrosymmetric dimeric aggregates are unidirectionally lined by two kinds of non-classical hydrogen bonds between molecular unit of identical enantiomeric configuration, (sp3)C–H…O=C and (sp3)C–H…pi non-classical hydrogen bonds, giving columnar structure. The columns are accumulated giving a wavy sheet structure composed of stripes of respective enantiomeric configuration oriented alternatively and anti-parallelly through weak (sp2)C–H…pi non-classical hydrogen bonds. The difference of higher ordered structure between title compound and homologue is plausibly explained according to one CH2 margin in 2,7-dialkoxy groups, i.e., elongation of the least length in alkyl group of title compound compared to homologue brings about the sterically significant hindrance among dimeric aggregates that makes rather anisotropic intermolecular non-covalent bonding interactions resulting in accumulating sheet structure. For 1-monoaroylnaphthalene compounds, the most stabilized single molecular structure on condition that the sufficiently effective intermolecular interaction is absent is proposed the perpendicular alignment of naphthalene and benzene rings to prevent the steric repulsion of two aromatic rings. The smaller spatial volume of methyl group in homologue molecule is plausibly able to be merged without large alternation in the single molecular structure most stabilized. Contrarily, the additional methylene unit at 2,7-alkoxy group probably requires the rather large perturbation from the supposed structure most stabilized

Variants at HLA-A , HLA-C , and HLA-DQB1 Confer Risk of Psoriasis Vulgaris in Japanese

Psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) is an autoimmune disease of skin and joints with heterogeneity in epidemiologic and genetic landscapes of global populations. We conducted an initial genome-wide association study and a replication study of PsV in the Japanese population (606 PsV cases and 2,052 controls). We identified significant associations of the single nucleotide polymorphisms with PsV risk at TNFAIP3-interacting protein 1and the major histocompatibility complex region (P = 3.7 × 10−10 and 6.6 × 10−15, respectively). By updating the HLA imputation reference panel of Japanese (n = 908) to expand HLA gene coverage, we fine-mapped the HLA variants associated with PsV risk. Although we confirmed the PsV risk of HLA-C*06:02 (odds ratio = 6.36, P = 0.0015), its impact was relatively small compared with those in other populations due to rare allele frequency in Japanese (0.4% in controls). Alternatively, HLA-A*02:07, which corresponds to the cysteine residue at HLA-A amino acid position 99 (HLA-A Cys99), demonstrated the most significant association with PsV (odds ratio = 4.61, P = 1.2 × 10–10). In addition to HLA-A*02:07 and HLA-C*06:02, stepwise conditional analysis identified an independent PsV risk of HLA-DQβ1 Asp57 (odds ratio = 2.19, P = 1.9 × 10–6). Our PsV genome-wide association study in Japanese highlighted the genetic architecture of PsV, including the identification of HLA risk variants

Variants of C-C Motif Chemokine 22 (CCL22) Are Associated with Susceptibility to Atopic Dermatitis: Case-Control Studies

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. AD is characterized by the local infiltration of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells. Recent clinical studies have shown important roles of the Th2 chemokines, CCL22 and CCL17 in the pathogenesis of AD. To investigate whether polymorphisms of the CCL22 gene affect the susceptibility to AD, we conducted association studies and functional studies of the related variants. We first resequenced the CCL22 gene and found a total of 39 SNPs. We selected seven tag SNPs in the CCL22 gene, and conducted association studies using two independent Japanese populations (1st population, 916 cases and 1,032 controls; 2nd population 1,034 cases and 1,004 controls). After the association results were combined by inverse variance method, we observed a significant association at rs4359426 (meta-analysis, combined P = 9.6×10−6; OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.65–0.85). Functional analysis revealed that the risk allele of rs4359426 contributed to higher expression levels of CCL22 mRNA. We further examined the allelic differences in the binding of nuclear proteins by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The signal intensity of the DNA-protein complex derived from the G allele of rs223821, which was in absolute LD with rs4359426, was higher than that from the A allele. Although further functional analyses are needed, it is likely that related variants play a role in susceptibility to AD in a gain-of-function manner. Our findings provide a new insight into the etiology and pathogenesis of AD

ORAI1 Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with the Susceptibility of Atopic Dermatitis in Japanese and Taiwanese Populations

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Multiple genetic and environmental factors are thought to be responsible for susceptibility to AD. In this study, we collected 2,478 DNA samples including 209 AD patients and 729 control subjects from Taiwanese population and 513 AD patients and 1027 control subject from Japanese population for sequencing and genotyping ORAI1. A total of 14 genetic variants including 3 novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ORAI1 gene were identified. Our results indicated that a non-synonymous SNP (rs3741596, Ser218Gly) associated with the susceptibility of AD in the Japanese population but not in the Taiwanese population. However, there is another SNP of ORAI1 (rs3741595) associated with the risk of AD in the Taiwanese population but not in the Japanese population. Taken together, our results indicated that genetic polymorphisms of ORAI1 are very likely to be involved in the susceptibility of AD

「緩和ケアを推進する看護師教育プログラム」の評価 : 修了者およびその上司への調査から

京都府立医科大学医学部看護学科京都府立医科大学附属病院看護部京都府立医科大学看護実践キャリア開発センター京都府立医科大学附属病院地域医療推進部School of Nursing, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Nursing, University Hospital Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Career Development Center for NursingPromotion Division of Regional Medicine, University Hospital Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine　本研究の目的は、「緩和ケア実践看護師養成コース（以下Aコース）」「在宅緩和ケア推進看護師養成コース（以下Bコース）」を受講した修了者とその上司への調査からプログラム評価および看護実践への活用状況を指標にしてプログラムを評価することである。【方法】平成27～31年度の間に京都府立医科大学看護実践キャリア開発センターが開催する「緩和ケアを推進する看護師教育プログラム」のAコースまたはBコースを受講した修了者25名のうち、調査時点で受講時と同じ施設・病院で就労を継続している21名（Aコース14名、Bコース7名）、とその上司21名（Aコース14名、Bコース7名）を研究対象者とした。修了生の施設・病院に質問紙を郵送し、令和3年7月～8月に無記名の自記式質問紙調査を行った。調査項目は、基本属性、カリキュラムについて、教育目標について、受講内容の適切性について、学習内容の臨床での活用について、とした。なお所属する大学の医学倫理審査委員会の承認を得て実施した（ERB-E-444）。【結果】回答者は、Aコース修了者9名、Aコース上司7名、Bコース修了者5名、Bコース上司3名であった。受講した修了者の評価においては、プログラムの内容についてAコースの8割以上が、Bコースの全員が（とても・まあまあ）適切としている。自己能力の発揮状況について、Aコースは4～6割、Bコースについては4～8割ができているとしている。　上司からの評価では、両コースとも受講した講義・演習・実習が7割程度現在の看護実践に役立っていると答えた。期待される能力については両コースとも8割以上が現在の看護活動に活きていると答えた。【結論】平成27年度から開始された「緩和ケアを推進する看護師教育プログラム」に対して、受講した修了者とその上司に，研修が有用であったかを問うたところ、受講した修了者はプログラムの内容が看護の実践で活かされていると実感していることが明らかとなった。さらに、上司は、受講した修了者が研修を踏まえた看護実践ができていると評価していることが明らかになった。修了者、上司の評価からプログラムの効果を評価することができた