Signalizacija gena za receptor vitamina D, enzim 1 alfa-hidroksilazu i RANTES u mliječnih krava s hipokalcemijom

The aim of the current study focused on screening the signal of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), 1-alpha-hydroxylase (1α-OHase) enzyme, and chemokine regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) genes in dairy cows with hypocalcaemia. A sample of 120 dairy cows (20 dairy cows per herd) in the transition period was studied. Blood samples were drawn from the selected dairy cows for both biochemical and molecular analysis. In cows with subclinical and clinical hypocalcemia, there was a significant (P<0.05) down-regulation of both VDR and RANTES genes, whereas there was a significant (P<0.05) up-regulation of the 1α-OHase enzyme. Moreover, there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in the levels of glucose, parathyroid hormone (PTH), sodium (Na), and chloride (Cl). Furthermore, there was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the levels of phosphorous and potassium (K). On the animal level, there was a significant association between the expression pattern of the VDR gene and the cows’ breed, the cows’ age, parity number, body condition score, and history of previous transition period disorders. The increase in both the expression of 1α-OHase enzyme and the level of each of PTH, glucose, Na, and Cl in the serum were significant risk factors for the decreased expression of the VDR gene. Likewise, the decrease in both the expression of the RANTES gene and the level of calcium (Ca) and phosphorous in the serum were significant risk factors for decreased expression of the VDR gene. This study revealed that the expression of VDR, 1α-OHase enzyme, and RANTES genes in the blood was greatly affected in dairy cows with hypocalcemia, indicating the need for an extra dose of vitamin D to maintain the normal level of Ca in the blood, especially during periods of high need. Hence, this study provides an insight into the role of vitamin D and its related enzymes in promoting the productivity of dairy cows, especially during the critical production periods.Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je nadzor genskog signala za receptor vitamina D (VDR), enzim 1-alfa-hidroksilazu (1 α-OHase) i kemokin (Regulated on Activation Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted – RANTES) u mliječnih krava s hipokalcemijom. Uzorci za biokemijske i molekularne analize prikupljeni su od 120 mliječnih krava (20 krava po stadu), tijekom prijelaznog razdoblja. U krava s subkliničkom i kliničkom hipokalcemijom utvrđena je znakovita (P < 0,05) podregulacija gena VDR i RANTES, te znakovita (P < 0,05) nadregulacija enzima 1-α-Ohaza. Nadalje, u tih životinja došlo je do znakovitog (P < 0,05) povećanja razina glukoze, paratireoidnog hormona (PTH), natrija (Na) i klorida (Cl), te znakovitog (P < 0,05) smanjenja razina fosfora (P) i kalija (K). Uvažavajući različite osobine životinja utvrđena je znakovita povezanost između izražajnosti VDR gena i pasmine krava, dobi krava, redoslijeda teljenja, ocjene tjelesne kondicije te prethodnih poremećaja u prijelaznom razdoblju. Povećanje, s jedne strane ekspresije za enzim 1 α-OHase i s druge strane razine PTH, glukoze, Na i Cl u serumu, dovelo je do znakovitog rizika za smanjenu ekspresiju VDR gena. Isto tako, smanjenje ekspresije gena RANTES i razine kalcija (Ca) i fosfora (P) u serumu bili su značajni čimbenici rizika za smanjenu ekspresiju gena VDR. Ovo je istraživanje pokazalo da je na ekspresiju gena VDR, 1 α-Ohaza i RANTES u krvi mliječnih krava uvelike utjecala hipokalcemija, što upućuje na potrebu dodatne doze vitamina D kako bi se održala normalna razina Ca u krvi, osobito u zahtjevnim razdobljima visoke proizvodnje. Stoga ova studija daje uvid u ulogu vitamina D i s njim povezanih enzima u poboljšanju produktivnosti mliječnih krava, posebno u kritičnim razdobljima proizvodnje

Evolution of E2 transition strength in deformed hafnium isotopes from new measurements on 172^{172}Hf, 174^{174}Hf, and 176^{176}Hf

The available data for E2 transition strengths in the region between neutron-deficient Hf and Pt isotopes are far from complete. More and precise data are needed to enhance the picture of structure evolution in this region and to test state-of-the-art nuclear models. In a simple model, the maximum collectivity is expected at the middle of the major shell. However, for actual nuclei, this picture may no longer be the case, and one should use a more realistic nuclear-structure model. We address this point by studying the spectroscopy of Hf. We remeasure the 2^+_1 half-lives of 172,174,176Hf, for which there is some disagreement in the literature. The main goal is to measure, for the first time, the half-lives of higher-lying states of the rotational band. The new results are compared to a theoretical calculation for absolute transition strengths. The half-lives were measured using \gamma-\gamma and conversion-electron-\gamma delayed coincidences with the fast timing method. For the determination of half-lives in the picosecond region, the generalized centroid difference method was applied. For the theoretical calculation of the spectroscopic properties, the interacting boson model is employed, whose Hamiltonian is determined based on microscopic energy-density functional calculations. The measured 2^+_1 half-lives disagree with results from earlier \gamma-\gamma fast timing measurements, but are in agreement with data from Coulomb excitation experiments and other methods. Half-lives of the 4^+_1 and 6^+_1 states were measured, as well as a lower limit for the 8^+_1 states. We show the importance of the mass-dependence of effective boson charge in the description of E2 transition rates in chains of nuclei. It encourages further studies of the microscopic origin of this mass dependence. New data on transition rates in nuclei from neighboring isotopic chains could support these studies.Comment: 16 pages, 16 figures, 7 tables; Abstract shortened due to character limi

New Method for the Development of Plasmonic Metal-Semiconductor Interface Layer: Polymer Composites with Reduced Energy Band Gap

Silver nanoparticles within a host polymer of chitosan were synthesized by using in situ method. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy was then carried out for the prepared chitosan : silver triflate (CS : AgTf) samples, showing a surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) peak at 420 nm. To prepare polymer composites with reduced energy band gap, different amounts of alumina nanoparticles were incorporated into the CS : AgTf solution. In the present work, the results showed that the reduced silver nanoparticles and their adsorption on wide band gap alumina (Al2O3) particles are an excellent approach for the preparation of polymer composites with small optical band gaps. The optical dielectric loss parameter has been used to determine the band gap experimentally. The physics behind the optical dielectric loss were interpreted from the viewpoint of quantum mechanics. From the quantum-mechanics viewpoint, optical dielectric loss was also found to be a complex equation and required lengthy numerical computation. From the TEM investigation, the adsorption of silver nanoparticles on alumina has been observed. The optical micrograph images showed white spots (silver specks) with different sizes on the surface of the films. The second semicircle in impedance Cole-Cole plots was found and attributed to the silver particles

Neutron capture cross section of 139 La

The neutron capture cross section of ${}^{139}\mathrm{La}$ has been measured relative to that of ${}^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ by means of the activation method. The sample was irradiated in a quasistellar neutron spectrum for $kT=25\mathrm{keV}$ generated via the ${}^{7}\mathrm{Li}{(p,n)}^{7}\mathrm{Be}$ reaction with the proton energy adjusted 30 keV above the threshold. Maxwellian averaged neutron capture cross sections were calculated for energies $kT=5--100\mathrm{keV}.$ The new value for $kT=30\mathrm{keV}$ is found to be 31.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8\mathrm{mb}, 18% lower and considerably less uncertain than the previously recommended value of 38.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.7\mathrm{mb}. With these results the s- and r-process components could be more accurately determined, making lanthanum a reliable s- and r-process indicator in stellar spectroscopy

Performance Enhancement of Chaotic Error Correction Coding Using Consecutive Sequences, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2023, nr 2

The use of chaotic dynamics for error correction is the subject of extensive research, as the approach allows to avoid the use of redundant data. This work proposes a new technique for non-coherent chaos communications for modifying error-correction depending on chaotic dynamics. In the proposed system, there are two consecutive sequences created from a comparable chaotic map, with the second series being created as the latest value of the initial one. Generation of a sequential chaotic sequence with a comparable chaotic dynamic delivers additional information to the receiver, allowing it to appropriately recover information and, hence, facilitate the receiver’s bit-error performance. For error correction and for detecting the symbol that is transmitted, a suboptimal technique based on the nearest distance between chaotic map trajectories over the n-dimensional sequence received is utilized. Simulation results show that the proposed error correction approach improves Eb/N0 as the dimension of the trajectory map increases, indicating that the method improves overall error correction performance. With the dimension of 4, a gain of 0.8 dB in Eb/N0 is achieved compared with an approach without any error-correcting schemes, at the bit-error probability of 10−3

Enhancement of Workers' Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare in Ashghal Projects

One of Ashghal's core values and top priority is the occupational health and safety of customers, employees and contractors. Ashghal prioritizes and is concerned about developing the welfare of workers on the site and in the camp. Ashghal develops welfare specifications for the projects to protect workers and be sure the specifications align with international and national requirements. The specification covers the facilities within the site, such as: number of toilets, handwashing basins, rest area/mess hall, shelter, drinking water, first aid room, transportation, clinic, etc. Ashghal develops an implementation and monitoring system to be sure welfare specifications are provided to all workers, referring to welfare specifications as contractual requirements, then linking workers' welfare as one of the monthly KPIs for the project, implementing it by the contractor, and monitoring it by the consultant. Ashghal is also working on developing specifications and requirements for workers' welfare, for example, developing and updating the specifications and requirements for their welfare on Ashghal construction sites, which will be issued soon as the "ACS.

Helicobacter pylori infection as a risk factor for diabetes: A meta-analysis of case-control studies

Background: There are several studies with varied and mixed results about the possible relationship between H. pylori and diabetes. Therefore, this current meta-analysis performed to determine the association between H. pylori infection and the risk of diabetes mellitus. Methods: A systematic literature searches of international databases, including Medline (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, and CINHAL (January 1990-March 2019) was conducted to identify studies investigating the relationship between H. pylori infection and diabetes mellitus. Only case-control studies were analyzed using odds ratio (OR) with 95 confidence intervals (CIs). Stratified and subgroup analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity between studies and assess effects of study quality. Logarithm and standard error logarithm odds ratio (OR) were also used for meta-analysis. Results: A total of 41 studies involving 9559 individuals (case; 4327 and control; 5232) were analyzed. The pooled estimate of the association between H. pylori infection with diabetes was OR = 1.27 (95 CI 1.11 to 1.45, P = 0.0001, I2 = 86.6). The effect of H. pylori infection on diabetes mellitus (both types), type 1 and type 2 diabetes was 1.17 (95 CI 0.94 to 1.45), 1.19 (95 CI 0.98 to 1.45), and 1.43 (95 CI 1.11 to 1.85) respectively. Subgroup analysis by the geographical regions showed in Asian population risk of the effect of H. pylori infection on diabetes was slightly higher than other population, Conclusion: In overall a positive association between H. pylori infection and diabetes mellitus was found. © 2020 The Author(s)

Post-Traumatic Intra-Cocoon Mesenteric Tear: A Case Report

Sclerosing peritonitis, more commonly called abdominal cocoon, is a rare intra-peritoneal disease that is characterized by complete or partial encapsulation of the small intestine by a thick collagenous membrane. This disease mostly presents in the form of small bowel obstruction, however in our case the patient presented with intra-cocoon bleeding following a motor vehicle accident