580 research outputs found
Note on the sampling of sardine (Sardinella allecia) at Cananéia, State of São Paulo, Brazil
Este trabalho inclui uma análise da distribuição de comprimentos das sardinhas pescadas na Lagoa de Cananéia, ao sul do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Demonstra-se que as sardinhas jovens aparecem nas pescas realizadas durante o mês de outubro, crescem rapidamente mais ou menos até janeiro e daí para diante, mais vagarosamente, até atingirem o comprimento de 14 cm em abril, quando então desaparecem da Lagoa. Faz-se a correlação entre os desembarques de sardinhas maiores no Rio de Janeiro e das sardinhas pequenas desembarcadas em Cananéia no ano anterior. Sugere-se que a abundância de sardinhas desembarcadas em Cananéia, num ano, pode ser usada como índice de abundância de sardinhas no ano seguinte no Rio de Janeiro.This paper includes an analysis of the length distribution of Sardine landed from the Lagoon of Cananéia in the south of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, in which it is shown that young Sardines appear in the catches during October, grow quickly until about January, and then more slowly until they reach the length of 14 cm in April. They then disappear from the Lagoon. A correlation is made between the landings of larger Sardine in Rio de Janeiro and the small Sardine landed in Cananéia the previous year. It is suggested that the abundance of Sardine landed in Cananéia may be used as an index of abundance in the following year at Rio de Janeiro
The effects of the acid etch and direct bonding technique in orthodontics on enamel surface topography
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Minimal resonances in annular non-Euclidean strips
Differential growth processes play a prominent role in shaping leaves and
biological tissues. Using both analytical and numerical calculations, we
consider the shapes of closed, elastic strips which have been subjected to an
inhomogeneous pattern of swelling. The stretching and bending energies of a
closed strip are frustrated by compatibility constraints between the curvatures
and metric of the strip. To analyze this frustration, we study the class of
"conical" closed strips with a prescribed metric tensor on their center line.
The resulting strip shapes can be classified according to their number of
wrinkles and the prescribed pattern of swelling. We use this class of strips as
a variational ansatz to obtain the minimal energy shapes of closed strips and
find excellent agreement with the results of a numerical bead-spring model.
Within this class of strips, we derive a condition under which a strip can have
vanishing mean curvature along the center line.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures. Published version. Updated references and added
2 figure
Climate Change Impacts on Microbiota in Beach Sand and Water: Looking Ahead
Beach sand and water have both shown relevance for human health and their microbiology have been the subjects of study for decades. Recently, the World Health Organization recommended that recreational beach sands be added to the matrices monitored for enterococci and Fungi. Global climate change is affecting beach microbial contamination, via changes to conditions like water temperature, sea level, precipitation, and waves. In addition, the world is changing, and humans travel and relocate, often carrying endemic allochthonous microbiota. Coastal areas are amongst the most frequent relocation choices, especially in regions where desertification is taking place. A warmer future will likely require looking beyond the use of traditional water quality indicators to protect human health, in order to guarantee that waterways are safe to use for bathing and recreation. Finally, since sand is a complex matrix, an alternative set of microbial standards is necessary to guarantee that the health of beach users is protected from both sand and water contaminants. We need to plan for the future safer use of beaches by adapting regulations to a climate-changing world.Financial support from CESAM (UID/AMB/50017-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007638) and
CITAB (UID/AGR/04033/2019), via FCT/MCTES, from national funds (PIDDAC), cofounded by
FEDER, (PT2020 Partnership Agreement and Compete 2020).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Climate Change Impacts on Microbiota in Beach Sand and Water : Looking Ahead
Beach sand and water have both shown relevance for human health and their microbiology have been the subjects of study for decades. Recently, the World Health Organization recommended that recreational beach sands be added to the matrices monitored for enterococci and Fungi. Global climate change is affecting beach microbial contamination, via changes to conditions like water temperature, sea level, precipitation, and waves. In addition, the world is changing, and humans travel and relocate, often carrying endemic allochthonous microbiota. Coastal areas are amongst the most frequent relocation choices, especially in regions where desertification is taking place. A warmer future will likely require looking beyond the use of traditional water quality indicators to protect human health, in order to guarantee that waterways are safe to use for bathing and recreation. Finally, since sand is a complex matrix, an alternative set of microbial standards is necessary to guarantee that the health of beach users is protected from both sand and water contaminants. We need to plan for the future safer use of beaches by adapting regulations to a climate-changing world.Peer reviewe
Toolbox approaches using molecular markers and 16S rRNA gene amplicon data sets for identification of fecal pollution in surface water
In this study, host-associated molecular markers and bacterial 16S rRNA gene community analysis using high-throughput sequencing were used to identify the sources of fecal pollution in environmental waters in Brisbane, Australia. A total of 92 fecal and composite wastewater samples were collected from different host groups (cat, cattle, dog, horse, human, and kangaroo), and 18 water samples were collected from six sites (BR1 to BR6) along the Brisbane River in Queensland, Australia. Bacterial communities in the fecal, wastewater, and river water samples were sequenced. Water samples were also tested for the presence of bird-associated (GFD), cattle-associated (CowM3), horse-associated, and human-associated (HF183) molecular markers, to provide multiple lines of evidence regarding the possible presence of fecal pollution associated with specific hosts. Among the 18 water samples tested, 83%, 33%, 17%, and 17% were real-time PCR positive for the GFD, HF183, CowM3, and horse markers, respectively. Among the potential sources of fecal pollution in water samples from the river, DNA sequencing tended to show relatively small contributions from wastewater treatment plants (up to 13% of sequence reads). Contributions from other animal sources were rarely detected and were very small
A Clinical Trial to Validate Event-Related Potential Markers of Alzheimer\u27s Disease in Outpatient Settings
INTRODUCTION: We investigated whether event-related potentials (ERP) collected in outpatient settings and analyzed with standardized methods can provide a sensitive and reliable measure of the cognitive deficits associated with early Alzheimer\u27s disease (AD).
METHODS: A total of 103 subjects with probable mild AD and 101 healthy controls were recruited at seven clinical study sites. Subjects were tested using an auditory oddball ERP paradigm.
RESULTS: Subjects with mild AD showed lower amplitude and increased latency for ERP features associated with attention, working memory, and executive function. These subjects also had decreased accuracy and longer reaction time in the target detection task associated with the ERP test.
DISCUSSION: Analysis of ERP data showed significant changes in subjects with mild AD that are consistent with the cognitive deficits found in this population. The use of an integrated hardware/software system for data acquisition and automated data analysis methods make administration of ERP tests practical in outpatient settings
Music Tune Restoration Based on a Mother Wavelet Construction
It is offered to use the mother wavelet function obtained from the local part of an analyzed music signal. Requirements for the constructed function are proposed and the implementation technique and its properties are described. The suggested approach allows construction of mother wavelet families with specified identifying properties. Consequently, this makes possible to identify the basic signal variations of complex music signals including local time-frequency characteristics of the basic one
Systemic Risk and Default Clustering for Large Financial Systems
As it is known in the finance risk and macroeconomics literature,
risk-sharing in large portfolios may increase the probability of creation of
default clusters and of systemic risk. We review recent developments on
mathematical and computational tools for the quantification of such phenomena.
Limiting analysis such as law of large numbers and central limit theorems allow
to approximate the distribution in large systems and study quantities such as
the loss distribution in large portfolios. Large deviations analysis allow us
to study the tail of the loss distribution and to identify pathways to default
clustering. Sensitivity analysis allows to understand the most likely ways in
which different effects, such as contagion and systematic risks, combine to
lead to large default rates. Such results could give useful insights into how
to optimally safeguard against such events.Comment: in Large Deviations and Asymptotic Methods in Finance, (Editors: P.
Friz, J. Gatheral, A. Gulisashvili, A. Jacqier, J. Teichmann) , Springer
Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 110 2015
Sound comparisons: a new online database and resource for research in phonetic diversity
Sound Comparisons hosts over 90,000 individual word recordings and 50,000 narrow phonetic transcriptions from 600 language varieties from eleven language families around the world. This resource is designed to serve researchers in phonetics, phonology and related fields. Transcriptions follow new initiatives for standardisation in usage of the IPA and Unicode. At soundcomparisons.com, users can explore the transcription datasets by phonetically-informed search and filtering, customise selections of languages and words, download any targeted data subset (sound files and transcriptions) and cite it through a custom URL. We present sample research applications based on our extensive overage of regional and sociolinguistic variation within major languages, and also of endangered languages, for which Sound Comparisons provides a rapid first documentation of their diversity in phonetics. The multilingual interface and user-friendly, ‘hover-tohear’ maps likewise constitute an outreach tool, where speakers can instantaneously hear and compare the phonetic diversity and relationships of their native languages
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