The rhetorician's craft, distinctions in science, and political morality

In his response to Szasz' Secular Humanism and Scientific Psychiatry, the author considers the use of rhetorical devices in Szasz' work, Szasz' avoidance of acknowledging psychiatry's scientific distinctions, and Szaszian libertarianism versus liberalism

Framing practices of wire services in modern wartime : international frames during the final six months of the Battle of Aleppo

This thesis focuses on the journalistic articles published by three major wire services-Associated Press, Reuters, and TASS -- during the final six months of the Battle of Aleppo, a major offensive that essentially tilted the tide of the Syrian Civil War to the regime of Bashar al-Assad. The goal of this work is to discern the types of frames utilized by these three wire services, and how source selection may have influenced the creation of these frames. The articles, limited to the longest 15 published by each service, were analyzed for six frames defined by the researcher -- finality, sympathy for civilians, legitimacy -- opposition, legitimacy -- Assad, internal affairs, and international affairs. They were also analyzed for source selection, in which the types of sources were broken down into aid/research organizations, U.S. government, Russian government, civilians, journalists, Assad government, and rebels. The work found that Reuters and Associated Press framed the battle as an internal affair and an international affair, respectively, and integrated elements of the sympathy for civilians frame, while TASS was predominately interested in the international affairs framing. The use of sources in the studied articles also fit into the framing scheme they employedIncludes bibliographical reference

III. Account of a Botanical Excursion to Forteviot and Invermay, Perthshire, on 7 th July

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IV. Notes on the Healing of Wounds in Acer Pseudo-platanus

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Informal and Incidental Learning in the Liminal Space of Extended Independent (Gap-Year) Travel

Significant student learning experiences occur informally and incidentally in the liminal spaces that are “betwixt and between” various educational, professional, and life stages. However, the learnings which take place in such liminal spaces are not well understood; they are both problematic and powerful and have untapped potential. Our research explored informal and incidental learning processes and outcomes in the liminal space of extended independent (gap year) travel. Based on an in-depth qualitative analysis of the detailed accounts of the learning experiences of 27 participants, we present a six-stage model of how learning occurs in the liminal space of extended independent travel. In studying the relationships between informal and incidental learning in this space we uncovered a process whereby participants, at times as the result of experiencing a disorienting dilemma, had the opportunity to reflect on old ‘habitual’ ways of being and, through reflexivity, engage with new ‘re-authored’ ways of being. The implications of our findings for learning in general and management learning and education in particular are discussed. Keywords: informal and incidental learning; liminality; reflection; reflexivity; transformatio

Design and implementation of a videoconferencing-embedded flipped classroom (VEFC) in college-level EFL

This paper aims to describe the videoconferencing-embedded flipped classroom (VEFC) as a viable instructional design and practice to overcome the present challenge of Teaching English as an International English (TEIL) in Japan’s traditional EFL classroom. It will also discuss the effects and implications as a consequence of implementing this VEFC pedagogy in the classroom. Specifically, this paper will describe the four stages of VEFC: 1) out-of-class asynchronous task “connect with ELT scholars”; 2) in-class synchronous task “interact with ELT scholars”; 3) out-of-class asynchronous task “engage in reflective journals”; and 4) in-class synchronous task “collaborate to make a group presentation.” VEFC can be an effective pedagogical choice that teachers can adopt to prepare their students to become competent English users in other EFL contexts

Evaluating a possible new paradigm for recruitment dynamics: predicting poor recruitment for striped bass (Morone saxatilis) from an environmental variable

Understanding what causes large year classes and predicting them has been called the holy grail of fisheries science, one of the last great unanswered questions. Recruitment prediction, or forecasting, is an important component for setting fishery catch limits. We propose a new approach, called the “poor-recruitment paradigm”, for predicting recruitment using environmental variables. This approach hypothesizes that it is easier to predict poor recruitment rather than good recruitment because an environmental variable affects recruitment only when its value is extreme (lethal); otherwise, the variable may be benign and not influence recruitment. Thus, good recruitment necessitates all environmental conditions not be harmful and for some to be especially favorable; poor recruitment, however, requires only one environmental variable to be extreme. This idea was evaluated using recruitment and river discharge data for striped bass (Morone saxatilis) from seven major spawning tributaries of Chesapeake Bay. Low spring river discharge reliably resulted in poor recruitment of striped bass. Specifically, in all rivers, median recruitment and standard deviation of recruitment were lower when spring river discharge was low compared to when it was average or high; additionally, the proportion of years with poor recruitment was higher in years of low discharge than in years of average to high discharge. The consistent predictability of poor recruitment has the potential to improve stock projections, and therefore, has the potential to improve catch advice