72 research outputs found

    Π’Π Π•ΠΠ˜ΠΠ“ Π’ Π’Π«Π‘Π¨Π•Πœ ΠœΠ•Π”Π˜Π¦Π˜ΠΠ‘ΠšΠžΠœ ΠžΠ‘Π ΠΠ—ΠžΠ’ΠΠΠ˜Π˜

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    When discussing the issue of learning the subject matter of training many researchers still easily replace the following notions and equate their meaning: simulation training, simulation training session and simulation clinic. And they insist that it is easy to develop cognitive skills in doctoring putting special emphasis on manual skills. No simulator or simulation technology can construct the real life situation including relations between the trainer and trainee. Training is an integrated complex of perceptions, thinking and effects. And it is the shift from reality during training that promotes incorporation of doubtful research information into education. Simplification of the problems with priorities given to marginal elements of training results in ineffective decisions especially when high quality treatment is required and medical training sessions cannot solve the problem of lacking medical personnel to provide high-tech medical care. По-ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ исслСдоватСли ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ обсуТдСнии ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ познания ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π° обучСния с Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ понятия, отоТдСствляя ΠΈΡ… содСрТаниС: симуляционноС ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, симуляционный Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³, симуляционная ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° лСгкости достиТСния ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Π²Ρ‹ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, отдавая ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°Π²Ρ‹ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ. Ни ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€, Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° симуляционная тСхнология Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ. ΠžΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ – нСразрывная ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ эффСкта. ИмСнно ΠΎΡ‚Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ процСссС ΠΈ создаСт условия для пополнСния образования Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ достовСрности. Π£ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… элСмСнтов обучСния Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊ нСэффСктивным Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ, особСнно Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π³Π΄Π΅ трСбуСтся Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ высокого качСства, ΠΈ мСдицинский Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ вряд Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π° Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ² высокотСхнологичСской мСдицинской ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ.

    Wide-range microspectrophotometer with recording in the photon-counting regime

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    This paper presents an automatic portable compact microspectrophotometer for measuring the electronic optical transmission and absorption spectra in unpolarized and polarized light of microsections of solid and liquid samples in a wide range of optical density with a guaranteed prespecified constant measurement error, constant in the entire spectral range of the instrumental function of the device

    Educational game systems in artificial intelligence course

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    Article actuality based on fact that existing knowledge system aimed at future professional life of students: a skillful use game activity in educational process will teach students to look for alternative ways solving of real problems. The purpose of article lies in theoretical substantiation, development and testing of criteria, which must be met by special-purpose software oriented on gamification of educational process. A leading research method of the described problem is a method of simulation that allows to consider gamification as concentration and organized process for increasing the factor of student engagement in cognitive activity. This article aimed to demonstrate models of ideal educational game programs with optimum number of gamification elements, also article focused on development of such software, which will be not entertaining, but educational in nature. The article may be useful for researchers dealing with gamification issues and software developers, which works relate with educational programs. Β© 2016 Chubarkova et al

    Π‘Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΉ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ интСнсивной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ острой Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ распространСнной ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Ρƒ больной с СдинствСнным Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΠΌ

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    Efficiency of intensive therapy of community-acquired multilobar pneumonia in patients with the only lung (a case report).Π‘Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΉ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ интСнсивной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ острой Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ распространСнной ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Ρƒ больной с СдинствСнным Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΠΌ

    ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‰Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΌΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ Π² климактСричСском ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅

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    Objective: to study the efficiency of using small-dose estrogens as a component of remedial premedication. Subjects and materials. A hundred and ninety menopausal women were examined. All the patients were divided into a study group and a control one. Group 1 included patients with uterine myoma and menopausal syndrome, which was further divided into two subgroups: Subgroup A comprised patients who as a remedial premedication, along with the standard therapy, received hormonal therapy with oral estradiol in a dose of 2 mg once daily for 7 days. There were no contraindications to the use of these drugs in all the women from this subgroup. Postoperative estrogen therapy was continued in the above doses for a year (as recommended by the International Menopause Committee). Subgroup B consisted of 40 women with menopausal syndrome who received the standard conventional premedication and postoperative therapy. Group 2 included 70 patients with physiological menopause and uterine myoma. Studies were made when remedial premedication was given just before surgery and on discharge from hospital on days 7β€”8. Results. In the patients with the menopausal syndrome, the level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was ascertained to be higher than that in women with normal menopause, the level of estradiol was accordingly lower. The differences found in the levels of hormones in the patients depending on the clinical course of a menopausal period allowed the use of hormonal replacement therapy with estradiol in the remedial premedication regimen as both etiologically and pathogenetically founded. On admission, the first stage of psychoemotional testing before remedial premedication revealed impairments of memory, attention, and thinking, as well as high anxiety in all the patients with myoma and menopausal syndrome. There was a significant reduction in long-term memory and memorization. Seven days after preoperative preparation using estradiol, 2 mg/day, there were no short- and long memory disorders and there was stabilization of psychoemotional disorders in most patients. Hemodynamic studies showed that before remedial premedication the patients with abnormal menopause had the following hemodynamics types: hypertensive-hypodynamic dissociation (60.2%) and isolated hypertension (25.2%). In patients with concomitant menopausal syndrome, correction of hemodynamic changes, with the type of central hemodynamics being kept in mind, reduced the frequency of a hypertensive-hypodynamic dissociation and isolated hypertension to 24.7 and 12.0%, respectively. Conclusion. Evaluation of the efficiency of preoperative preparation of patients with concomitant menopausal syndrome may lead to the conclusion that there are benefits of using small doses (2 mg/day) of estrogen for 5β€”7 days as a component of remedial premedication. By exerting a specific hormonal effect, estrogen therapy promotes psychoemotional stabilization and cardiovascular function normalization. This all reduces the time of preparation of patients for surgery, leads to its favorable course, and decreases the incidence of postoperative complications. Key words: premedication, uterine myoma, menopausal syndrome, psychoemotional disorders, hemodynamics, estrogens, preoperative preparation.ЦСль. Π˜ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ использования Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΠ· эстрогСнов Π² качСствС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°-Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ОбслСдовано 190 ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡƒΠ·Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π°. ВсС Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ наблюдСния ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ сравнСния. 1-я Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° β€” Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ с ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ климактСричСским синдромом β€” Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° А β€” ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² качСствС Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ наряду со стандартной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ эстрадиолом Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 2 ΠΌΠ³ 1 Ρ€Π°Π· Π² сутки Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 7 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ВсС ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ этой ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ. ЭстрогСнотСрапия Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π² послСопСрационном ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π² Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° (согласно установкам ΠœΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡƒΠ·Π΅). Π’ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ Π‘ вошли 40 ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ с климактСричСским синдромом, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ. 2-я Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… β€” 70 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡƒΠ·Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-Π³ΠΎ возраста с физиологичСским Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ климактСричСского ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. ИсслСдования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ выпискС Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ· стационара Π½Π° 7β€”8-Π΅ сутки. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ„ΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ»ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π° (Π€Π‘Π“) Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ с климактСричСским синдромом Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ с Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΉ, ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ эст-Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»Π°, соотвСтствСнно, Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅. ВыявлСнныС различия Π² содСрТании Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ клиничСского тСчСния климактСричСского ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ эстрадиолом Π² схСмС Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ этиологичСски, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ патогСнСтичСски ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ. Π£ всСх Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ климактСричСским синдромом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ поступлСнии Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΌ этапС тСстирования ΠΏΡΠΈΡ…ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ сфСры Π΄ΠΎ назначСния Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ памяти, внимания ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, высокий ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ. Наблюдалось достовСрноС сниТСниС уровня Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, продуктивности запоминания. Π§Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 7 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ с использованиСм эстрадиола 2 ΠΌΠ³/сутки Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ отклонСния уровня ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π½Π΅ наблюдалось, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ стабилизация ΠΏΡΠΈΡ…ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ исслСдовании Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ установлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с патологичСским Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ климакса Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ: Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-гиподинамичСская диссоциация (60,2%) ΠΈ изолированная гипСртСнзия (25,2%). ΠšΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡ гСмодинамичСских сдвигов с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ эстрогСнами ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ частоту Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ-чСской диссоциации Π΄ΠΎ 24,7%, Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ β€” Π΄ΠΎ 12,0% Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΡΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ климактСричСским синдромом. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΡΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ климактСричСским синдромом, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ прСимущСствС использования Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΠ· эстрогСнов (2 ΠΌΠ³/сут) Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 5β€”7 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π² качСствС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ спСцифичСскоС Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ воздСйствиС, эстрогСнотСрапия способствуСт стабилизации ΠΏΡΠΈΡ…ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ сСрдСчно-сосудистой систСмы. Всё это сокращаСт сроки ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Π΅Ρ‘ благоприятному Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ сниТСнию частоты послСопСрационных ослоТнСний. ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ слова: прСмСдикация, ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, климактСричСский синдром, ΠΏΡΠΈΡ…ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°, эстрогСны, прСдопСрационная ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°

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    Objective: to clarify the causes and changes of body temperature in relation to the type of stroke and the presence or absence of pyoinflammatory complications.Subjects and methods. The case histories were retrospectively analyzed in 211 survivors and deceased patients with acute cerebrovascular accident at the age of 38β€”87 years. In the patients from different groups and subgroups, changes in their temperature were assessed from its curves during their hospital stay. Indicators, such as initiation of hyperthermia (hours), duration of hyperthermia (days) and unrelieved hyperthermia (hours), were estimated. The pattern and number of pyoinflammatory complications in each patient were taken into account.Results. The paper deals with the retrospective analysis of a temperature response in the survivors and deceased patients with myocardial infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage. It shows body temperature changes in relation to the type of stroke and the presence or absence of pyoinflammatory complications, such as pneumonia, meningitis, purulent tracheobronchitis, etc. The main causes of hyperthermia in stroke were elucidated.Conclusion. Hyperthermia affects negatively the outcome of stroke and increases the length of hospital stay regardless of the type of stroke. In patients with acute cerebrovascular accident, the causes of hyperthermia are a focus of brain injury, blood in the cerebrospinal fluid system, and pyoinflammatory complications. ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ β€” ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡƒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π° ΠΈ наличия ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ отсутствия Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ослоТнСний.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ рСтроспСктивный Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· историй Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ 211 Π²Ρ‹ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΈ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с острым Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кровообращСния Π² возрастС 38β€”87 Π»Π΅Ρ‚. ИзмСнСния Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ Π·Π° всС врСмя прСбывания ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² стационарС. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠΈ (час), ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠΈ (сутки), ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠΈ (час), ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠΈ (час). Π’Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ структуры ΠΈ количСства Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ослоТнСний Ρƒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ больного.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна рСтроспСктивному Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρƒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρƒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΈ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° (ИМ) ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ кровоизлияниСм (Π’Πš). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ измСнСния Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π° ΠΈ наличия ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ отсутствия Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ослоТнСний, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ пнСвмония, ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΡ‚, Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. Π£Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅.Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ГипСртСрмия нСблагоприятно влияСт Π½Π° исход ΠΈΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°; ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ сроки прСбывания Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² стационарС нСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ развития Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с острым Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кровообращСния ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‡Π°Π³ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ поврСТдСния, ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡŒ Π² Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ослоТнСния.

    Evaluation of the PV cell operation temperature in the process of fast switching to open-circuit mode

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    A procedure for measuring the overheating temperature (Ξ”T ) of a p-n junction area in the structure of photovoltaic (PV) cells converting laser or solar radiations relative to the ambient temperature has been proposed for the conditions of connecting to an electric load. The basis of the procedure is the measurement of the open-circuit voltage (VO C ) during the initial time period after the fast disconnection of the external resistive load. The simultaneous temperature control on an external heated part of a PV module gives the means for determining the value of VO C at ambient temperature. Comparing it with that measured after switching OFF the load makes the calculation of Ξ”T possible. Calibration data on the VO C = f(T ) dependences for single-junction AlGaAs/GaAs and triple-junction InGaP/GaAs/Ge PV cells are presented. The temperature dynamics in the PV cells has been determined under flash illumination and during fast commutation of the load. Temperature measurements were taken in two cases: converting continuous laser power by single-junction cells and converting solar power by triple-junction cells operating in the concentrator modules
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