Morphology and Differentiation of MG63 Osteoblast Cells on Saliva Contaminated Implant Surfaces

Objectives: Osteoblasts are the most important cells in the osseointegration process. Despite years of study on dental Implants, limited studies have discussed the effect of saliva on the adhesion process of osteoblasts to implant surfaces. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of saliva on morphology and differentiation of osteoblasts attached to implant surfaces. Materials and Methods: Twelve Axiom dental implants were divided into two groups. Implants of the case group were placed in containers, containing saliva, for 40 minutes. Then, all the implants were separately stored in a medium containing MG63 human osteoblasts for a week. Cell morphology and differentiation were assessed using a scanning electron microscope and their alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined. The t-test was used to compare the two groups. Results: Scanning electron microscopic observation of osteoblasts revealed round or square cells with fewer and shorter cellular processes in saliva contaminated samples, whereas elongated, fusiform and well-defined cell processes were seen in the control group. ALP level was significantly lower in case compared to control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Saliva contamination alters osteoblast morphology and differentiation and may subsequently interfere with successful osseointegration. Thus, saliva contamination of bone and implant must be prevented or minimized

Evaluation of the Effect of Calcium Silicate Phosphate, Osteon, and Bio-Oss on Cell Viability and Cell Morphology of Human SaOS-2

Background and Aim: Several reports have been published on the successful application of various bone substitute materials (BSM). Appropriate physiologic and histologic characteristics and reactions of these materials against host cells are critically important. In this study, the biocompatibility of a new bone substitute material has been evaluated. Methods and Materials: In this experimental In vitro study, the biocompatibility of silicate calcium phosphate, Bio-Oss and Osteon were compared by evaluation of cell viability and differentiation rate of human osteoblast-like cell line (SaOS-2). No graft material was used in the control group. Cell viability rate was evaluated by MTT test after 1, 3 and 14 days of incubation. Inverted Light Microscope and SEM were utilized for evaluation of cell morphology. MTT and cell morphology were analyzed by ANOVA test in all groups. Results: Cell viability of the control group equaled 0.453±0.016, while in the test groups it equaled 0.453±0.016 for Bio-Oss, 0.439±0.011 for Osteon and 0.425±0.026 for silicate calcium phosphate. There was no significant difference between the control and the test groups. Spindle form was the dominant SaOS-2 cell morphology in all groups. Conclusion: This study showed that calcium silicate phosphate has appropriate biocompatibility comparable with that of Bio-Oss and Osteon

Evaluation of plasma C-reactive protein levels in pregnant women with and without periodontal disease: A comparative study

<b>Background and Objectives:</b> Circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are a marker of systemic inflammation and are associated with periodontal disease, a chronic bacterial infection associated with elevation of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins. CRP has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm delivery, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. Furthermore, periodontal disease has been associated with increased risk of preterm low birth weight, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The present study was conducted to assess plasma CRP levels in pregnant women with and without periodontal disease; to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy on the incidence of preterm delivery; and to compare the incidence of preterm delivery in pregnant women with and without periodontal disease. <b> Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 90 pregnant women aged between 18-35 years with gestational age between 12-28 weeks were recruited and divided into three equal groups (control group, study group, treatment group) of 30 each. Blood samples were taken for estimation of C-reactive protein levels from all groups at 12-20 weeks of gestation, determined using ultrasensitive turbidimetric immunoassay (QUANTIA-CRP US). The treatment group comprised plaque control, scaling, and root planning and daily rinsing with 0.2&#x0025; chlorhexidine mouth before 28 weeks of gestation. <b> Results:</b> The mean value of C-reactive protein levels in subjects with periodontal disease was higher compared to control group i.e., 1.20 &#177; 0.247 mg/dl and 1.22 &#177; 0.250 mg/dl, respectively, compared to 0.713 &#177; 0.139 mg/ dl (<i> P</i> = 0.001). The mean value of CRP levels before treatment was greater than the mean value after treatment i.e., 1.22 &#177; 0.25 compared to 0.84 &#177; 0.189 (<i> P</i> &lt; 0.001). The incidence of preterm delivery (&lt; 37 weeks) was 31.7&#x0025; in the periodontal disease group (study group) compared to 8.3&#x0025; in the control group (<i> P</i> = 0.001). The incidence of preterm delivery in the treatment group was 15.0&#x0025; compared to 31.7&#x0025; in the nontreatment group (study group). <b> Conclusion:</b> The findings from the study suggest that periodontal disease in pregnant women is associated with increased C- reactive protein levels in early pregnancy, incidence of preterm delivery is higher in pregnant women with periodontal disease compared to healthy controls, periodontal therapy during pregnancy reduces plasma CRP levels and there is decrease in incidence of preterm delivery after periodontal therapy