INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN A DEPRESSED AREA: MALE-FEMALE DIFFERENCES IN ATTITUDES

Community/Rural/Urban Development,

Rapid soft X-ray fluctuations in solar flares observed with the X-ray polychromator

Three flares observed by the Soft X-Ray Polychromator on the Solar Maximum Mission were studied. Flare light curves from the Flat Crystal Spectrometer and Bent Crystal Spectrometer were examined for rapid signal variations. Each flare was characterized by an initial fast (less than 1 min) burst, observed by the Hard X-Ray Burst Spectrometer (HXRBS), followed by softer gradual X-ray emission lasting several minutes. From an autocorrelation function analysis, evidence was found for quasi-periodic fluctuations with rise and decay times of 10 s in the Ca XIX and Fe XXV light curves. These variations were of small amplitude (less than 20%), often coincided with hard X-ray emissions, and were prominent during the onset of the gradual phase after the initial hard X-ray burst. It is speculated that these fluctuations were caused by repeated energy injections in a coronal loop that had already been heated and filled with dense plasma associated with the initial hard X-ray burst

Abundance, Composition, and Sinking Rates of Fish Fecal Pellets in the Santa Barbara Channel

Rapidly sinking fecal pellets are an important component of the vertical flux of particulate organic matter (POM) from the surface to the ocean\u27s interior; however, few studies have examined the role fish play in this export. We determined abundance, size, prey composition, particulate organic carbon/nitrogen (POC/PON), and sinking rates of fecal pellets produced by a forage fish, likely the northern anchovy, in the Santa Barbara Channel. Pellet abundance ranged from 0.1-5.9 pellets m(-3). POC and PON contents averaged 21.7 mu g C pellet(-1) and 2.7 mu g N pellet(-1). The sinking rate averaged 787 m d(-1); thus pellets produced at the surface would reach the benthos (similar to 500 m) in m(-2) d(-1). This is equal to or exceeds previous measurements of sediment trap POM flux, and thus may transport significant amounts of repackaged surface material to depth

Examination of Several physiochemical characteristics of underground water collected from various wells situated south Baghdad-IRAQ

Underground water is subjected to contamination due to the wastewater of different agricultural and industrial activities .This work was designed to examine several physiochemical variables of well water situated in southern land of Baghdad that already used in such activities. Water samples were collected from different wells in January and July 2014. It has found that mean pH value were varying from 7.1 ± 0.4 to 7.5 ± 0.7 and these values for EC were  1.24±0.09 to 2.5±0.19 while mean values of turbidity were ranged from 0.01±0.0 to 7.01±1.54 . Mean values of each of BOD, COD and DO have been found to range from 7.0±2.44 to 13.24, 13.3±3.33 to 68.0±11.7 and 3.1±2.6 to 7.5±3.22 respectively. However, water samples had mean value of PO4 within a range of 0.30±0.01 to 0.66±0.12 and the mean of SO4 was placed between 93±24.69 to 371±35.27. For each of Cl, Ca and Mg ions had given mean values in a range of 0.01±0.0 to 1.9±0.36, 70.0±21.51 to 98.0±28.72, and 80.1±13.51 to 100.5±25.62 respectively. It seems clearly that there was no significant (<0.05) differences between the collecting periods for all examined variables except for water EC where mean values were significantly (P?0.05) higher in July than that of January. However, similar insignificant differences were recorded between mean values of   tested underground water samples in terms of all physiochemical variables. The mean values of certain examined variables were well above than those of fresh water of both rivers and lakes such as EC, BOD and Mg ions while the mean values of pH and DO were found to be within the range of similar variables, but the remaining variables were much lower than those reported for raw water. Furthermore, turbidity in water sample of well 5 was extremely higher in July than those of the remaining wells either in January and July. Key words: Water contamination, underground water, physiochemical variables, fresh water, water standards

Nickel(II) & Copper(II) Complexes of 5(3)-Methyl-pyrazole-3(5)-carboxamide

744-74

Quantum dark solitons in Bose gas confined in a hard wall box

Schr\"odinger equation for Bose gas with repulsive contact interactions in one-dimensional space may be solved analytically with the help of the Bethe ansatz if we impose periodic boundary conditions. It was shown that in such a system there exist many-body eigenstates directly corresponding to dark soliton solutions of the mean-field equation. The system is still integrable if one switches from the periodic boundary conditions to an infinite square well potential. The corresponding eigenstates were constructed by M. Gaudin. We analyze weak interaction limit of Gaudin's solutions and identify parametrization of eigenstates strictly connected with single and multiple dark solitons. Numerical simulations of detection of particle's positions reveal dark solitons in the weak interaction regime and their quantum nature in the presence of strong interactions.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Predictors of Mortality Amongst Recipients of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators for Secondary Prevention of Cardiac Arrest

BACKGROUND: Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) reduce mortality in survivors of cardiac arrest (CA). We investigated the predictors of mortality after ICD implantation in survivors of CA. METHODS: Retrospective review of clinical records and social security death index of all patients who received an ICD in a preexisting database of survivors of CA at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center was performed. Multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazard model were performed with backward elimination to identify independent predictors of the time to death, and Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted. RESULTS: Eighty patients (64 men) with a mean age of 64.4+/-12.5 years were followed for 4.7+/-2.3 years after ICD implantation. Survival rates were 93.8%, 65% and 50% at 1, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Independent predictors of time to death were determined to include age (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.91 per 10-year increase, p = 0.003), serum creatinine > or = 1.3 mg/dL (HR = 2.56, p = 0.004), and QRS width >120 ms (HR = 5.14, p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: In this sample of ICD recipients secondary to CA, older age, elevated serum creatinine, and wider QRS duration were independent predictors of mortality. The presence of more than one risk factor in the same patient was associated with higher mortality rates. Whether interventions such as biventricular pacing can offset this increase risk of death warrants further investigation

Role of voglibose in prevention of type 2 diabetes in established case of impaired glucose tolerance: an observation study

Background: The increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major concern for the health providers. We have done an observation study in the diagnosed IGT patient who received α-glucosidase inhibitor (voglibose), which could prevent the development of type 2 diabetes in high-risk individuals.Methods: This study was an observational study comprising of voglibose and placebo in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance.66 eligible patients were on the standard diet and taking regular exercise with impaired glucose tolerance were randomly assigned to oral voglibose 0.2 mg three times a day (n=66) or placebo (n=60) in this study. Treatment was continued until participants developed type 2 diabetes (primary endpoint) or normoglycaemia (secondary endpoint).In the final analysis, 66 registered individuals fulfilled the inclusion criteria: 36 were randomly assigned to receive voglibose and 30 placebos (two participants in the placebo group did not take their medication and were excluded). Results: The mean duration of treatment was 48.3 weeks (SD: 36.4), i.e., 45.4 weeks (34.7) for voglibose and 51.7 weeks (37.4) for placebo. Voglibose was better than placebo (p= 0.0024) in individuals treated for an average of 48.3 weeks (SD 36.4). Patients treated with voglibose had a lower risk of progression to type 2 diabetes than did those on placebo. More people in the voglibose group achieved normoglycaemia than did those in the placebo group.Conclusion: Voglibose, in addition to lifestyle modification, can reduce the development of type 2 diabetes in high risk individuals with impaired glucose tolerance.

Harmonising nursing terminologies using a conceptual framework

The International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) and the Clinical Care Classification (CCC) System are standardised nursing terminologies that identify discrete elements of nursing practice, including nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes. While CCC uses a conceptual framework or model with 21 Care Components to classify these elements, ICNP, built on a formal Web Ontology Language (OWL) description logic foundation, uses a logical hierarchical framework that is useful for computing and maintenance of ICNP. Since the logical framework of ICNP may not always align with the needs of nursing practice, an informal framework may be a more useful organisational tool to represent nursing content. The purpose of this study was to classify ICNP nursing diagnoses using the 21 Care Components of the CCC as a conceptual framework to facilitate usability and inter-operability of nursing diagnoses in electronic health records. Findings resulted in all 521 ICNP diagnoses being assigned to one of the 21 CCC Care Components. Further research is needed to validate the resulting product of this study with practitioners and develop recommendations for improvement of both terminologie