The Effects Of Melatonın On Possıble Damage Wıll Be Occur On Ductus Epıdıdymıs And Sperm Morphology Wıth The Coadmınıstratıon Of Fructose And Bısphenol A

Günümüzde yüksek fruktoz içerikli gıda tüketiminin ve endokrin bozucu olarak bilinen kimyasal maddelere çevresel ve oral yollarla etkin kalmanın artışına paralel olarak metabolik sendrom (MetS) ve ilişkili klinik durumların görülme sıklığındaki artış dikkat çekmektedir. Son dönemlerde fruktozun beslenmedeki yeri artmış ve yüksek fruktoz tüketimi ile ilgili olarak, dislipidemi, insülin direnci, hipertansiyon ve hiperürisemi de artış görülmüştür. BPA nın östrojen benzeri aktivite göstererek üreme organlarında toksisiteye neden olduğu, spermatogenezi baskıladığı, sperm üretimi ve fertilite oranını düşürdüğü çeşitli çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Bu bilgiler doğrultusunda, çalışmamızda Sprague Dawley cinsi 42 tane, erişkin, erkek sıçan kullanıldı ve 7 gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1: (n=6) Kontrol, Grup 2: (n=6) Fruktoz uygulanan grup, Grup 3: (n=6) BPA uygulanan grup, Grup 4: (n=6) Fruktoz ve BPA nın eşzamanlı uygulandığı grup, Grup 5: (n=6) Fruktoz ve Melatonin uygulanan grup, Grup 6: (n=6) BPA ve Melatonin uygulanan grup, Grup 7: (n=6) Fruktoz+BPA+Melatonin uygulanan grup şeklinde düzenlendi. Deney sonunda alınan epididimis dokusu histokimyasal ve immunohistokimyasal olarak; sperm örnekleri ise sayım, motilite ve canlılık tayin yöntemleri ile incelendi ve güçlü bir antioksidan olduğu bilinen melatoninin bu deneysel sürece olan etkileri araştırıldı. BPA, Fruktoz ve her ikisinin eşzamanlı uygulamasının epididimis dokusunda ve sperm örneklerinde hasara yol açtığı, melatonin uygulamasının ise bu hasarı önlemede kısmen de olsa başarılı olduğu görülmüştür.Nowadays, it is notable that the increase in the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related clinical cases correlated with the increased of fructose rich food consumption and environmental and oral exposure to chemical substances known as endocrine disruptors. Fructose feed has recently increased and higher fructose consumption has associated with the increased of diseases such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension and hyperuricemia. BPA exhibits estrogen-like activity that cause toxicity in reproductive organs suppresses spermatogenesis, decreases sperm production and fertility rates. According to information given above, we used 42 adults, male Sprague Dawley rats that were divided into 7 groups. The groups were arranged as follows, Group 1: (n=6) Control, Group 2: (n=6) Rats were treated with fructose, Group 3: (n=6) Rats were treated with BPA, Group 4: (n=6) Rats were treated with fructose and BPA contemporaneously, Group 5: (n=6) Rats were treated with fructose and Melatonin, Group 6: (n=6) Rats were treated with BPA and Melatonin, Group 7: (n=6) Rats were treated with fructose and BPA and melatonin. At the end of the experiment, epididymal tissue was removed and analyzed by using histochemical and immunohistochemical procedure. Sperm samples were counted and sperm motility and viability were investigated. Furthermore, we examined the effects of strong antioxidant melatonin on this experimental process. We found that administration of BPA, fructose, and concurrently both of these causes damaged to epididymal tissue and sperm samples on the other hand melatonin was partially successful in preventing this damage

Histopathological investigation of the effect of coenzyme q10 on intestinal mucosa and tight junction proteins in experimental colitis model

Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on the mucosa, goblet cell density and tight junction (TJ) proteins in the acetic acid-induced colitis model in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four,10-week-old female Wistar albino rats were used in the study and divided into 3 groups; Control(n=4), Colitis (n=10) and Colitis+ CoQ10 (n=10). The colitis model was induced with 4% acetic acid. One day after colitis induction, CoQ10 was administered to the Colitis+CoQ10 group by gavage (30 mg/kg/day) for 10 days. After the treatment, the sacrification of the experimental animals was carried out. The macroscopic evaluation was performed. Microscopic scoring and goblet cell density by staining sections with Masson’s Trichrome and Alcian blue; TJ proteins were also evaluated by immunohistochemical analyzes of Occludin (Occ), Zonula Ocludens-1 (ZO-1), and Claudin-1 (Cl-1). Results: Macroscopic and microscopic scoring of colon tissues belonging to the colitis group showed a statistically significant increase compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the colitis+CoQ10 group, macroscopic and histopathological damage decreased significantly (p<0.05), and the percentage of Alcian blue staining area and the goblet cell density increased statistically with CoQ10 compared to the colitis group (p<0.05). It was also noted that there was an increase in the immunoreactivity of TJ proteins, which are important in the integrity of the mucosal barrier. Conclusion: CoQ10 showed a positive effect on histopathological changes and tight junction proteins in acetic acid-induced colitis model. However, it is thought that more detailed and various experimental and clinical studies supported by advanced molecular techniques are needed on the protective effects of CoQ10 against ulcerative colitis patients

The Effect of Isotretinoin on Oocyte Maturation in Adolescent Female Rats

Objective: Isotretinoin is used in acne vulgaris treatment for more than 20 years. Isotretinoin has serious side effects on many organs, but there are no comprehensive studies investigating its possible toxic effects on reproductive organs. Thus, we aimed to investigate the possible toxic effects of isotretinoin administration on oocyte maturation in female rat gonads in this study. Methods: Thirty-two adolescent female rats (Wistar Albino, 220 ± 35 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 subjects in each group: group 1, group 2, group 3, and group 4. Different doses of isotretinoin which was dissolved in sesame oil were given to rats by gavage: 7.5 mg/kg/day in group 3 and 15 mg/kg/day in group 4. The rats in group 2 received sesame oil by gavage. To create gavage stress, only gavage was administered to the rats in group 1. The gavages for each group continued once a day and at a certain time for 30 days. To determine the effect of isotretinoin on oocyte maturation, the periodic acid-Schiff reaction was performed for histochemical and histomorphometric evaluation of the zona pellucida, and staining of growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) and bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP-15) was performed for immunohistochemical analysis. Results: When the thickness of the zona pellucida was evaluated, a statistically significant difference was found between group 1 and experimental groups (group 3 and group 4). In the experimental groups, it was determined that the thickness of the zona pellucida was decreased depending on the increase in dose. GDF-9 and BMP-15 expressions in oocytes of primordial and primary follicles decreased significantly in the experimental groups compared to group 1 and group 2. However, the expression of GDF-9 and BMP-15 in oocytes of secondary follicles was not significantly different between group 1 and group 2 and the experimental groups. Conclusions: In our study, we showed toxic effect of isotretinoin on oocyte maturation in female rats. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel

Duktus Deferens Ligasyonu Yapilmiş Ratlarda Erkek Genital Sisteminin Karşılaştırmalı olarak İncelenmesi

Amaç: Tek taraflı vazektomi sonrası prepubertal ve pubertal sıçan testislerindeki ve duktus deferenslerindeki yapısal ve morfolojik değişiklikler araştırıldı. Vazektomi dünyada yaygın olarak uygulanan güvenilir ve popüler bir erkek doğum kontrol yöntemidir. Yöntem: Altı puberte öncesi ve 6 pubertal dönemdeki Wistar albino cinsi erkek sıçan 4 gruba ayrıldı. Her sıçanın sağ duktus deferensine tek taraflı duktus deferens ligasyonu işlemi uygulandı. Sağ testis ve duktus deferens dokuları ligasyon grubu, sol dokular ise kontrol grupları olarak değerlendirildi. Operasyondan iki ay sonra, vas deferens ve testis dokuları parafin blok kesitleri elde etmek için çıkarıldı ve morfometrik çalışmalar ışık mikroskobu kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Hematoksilen-eozin boyama ve Vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü (VEGF) kullanılarak immünhistokimyasal boyama yapıldı. Bulgular: Tüm vazektomi uygulanmış sıçanların testis ve duktus deferens dokularında yapısal ve morfolojik değişiklikler olduğu ve spermatogenezis sürecinde azalmanın olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Seminifer tübül epitel çapı ve seminifer tübül çapı artmıştır. Duktus deferens'in epitel yapısında ve Duktus deferens kasını oluşturan kas lifleri arasında dejeneratif değişiklikler olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca, prepubertal ve pubertal vazektomize sıçanlarda seminifer tübüllerde VEGF immünreaktivitesi gözlenmemiştir Sonuç: Puberte öncesi ve pubertal dönemde tek taraflı ligasyon operasyonu, duktus deferens ve testis dokusunda hasarına neden olabilirObjective: We investigated structural and morphological changes in prepubertal and pubertal rat testis and ductus deferens after unilateral vasectomy. Vasectomy is reliable and popular male contraception method, applied widely in the world. Methods: Six pre-pubertal and 6 pubertal male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. Unilateral ductus deferens ligation was performed on right ductus deferens of each rat. Right testis and ductus deferens tissues were evaluated as ligation group while left tissues were control groups. Two months after operation, the vas deferens and testes removed to obtain paraffin block sections and morphometric studies carried out with light microscopy. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunohistochemically staining were applied. Results: Structural and morphological changes and decrease in spermatogenesis process have been observed at testis and ductus deferens tissues of all vasectomized rat. The seminiferous epithelium and the seminiferous tubule diameter were thickened. Degenerative changes have been observed at the epithelial structure of Ductus deferens and among muscle fibers forming the muscle of the Ductus deferens. Moreover, in prepubertal and pubertal vasectomized rat VEGF immunoreactivity was not observed in seminiferous tubule. Conclusion: The unilateral ligation operation can cause damage at ductus deferens and testis tissue in the pre-pubertal and pubertal perio

Antioksidan Melatoninin Neonatal Dönemde Bisfenol A Uygulanan Rat Ovaryumları Üzerine Etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı neonatal dönem Bisfenol A (BPA) uygulanmasına karşı melatoninin rat ovaryumları üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada Wistar Albino cinsi, 24 adet, yenidoğan dişi rat 4 gruba ayrılmıştır (n=6). Kontrol ve BPA grubu ratlara, sırasıyla, susam yağı + etanol ve BPA (100 mg/kg) postnatal 10 gün boyunca (PNG0-PNG10) subkutan olarak enjekte edilmiştir. Melatonin grubu ratlara günlük (10 mg/kg) melatonin (PNG20-PNG30) ve BPA+melatonin grubu ratlara ise günlük (100 mg/kg) BPA (PNG0-PNG10) ve (10 mg/kg) melatonin (PNG20-PNG30) 10 gün boyunca, subkutan olarak enjekte edilmiştir. Histolojik ve morfolojik analizler yapılarak ovaryum dokuları incelenmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak oosit hücre siklusu marker CDC-2 immunohistokimyal yöntem kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir.Bulgular: Histolojik bulgular neonatal dönemde BPA maruziyetinin ovaryumda dejeneratif değişikliklere neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Morfolojik analizler sonucunda, vücut ağırlık artışları ve ovaryum dokusu ağırlıkları gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmazken BPA grubunda diğer gruplara kıyasla kilo alımının ve ovaryum dokusu ağırlığının daha fazla olduğu saptanmıştır. Bunlara ek olarak, immunohistokimyasal bulgularımızda, Cdc-2 immunreaktivitesinin BPA grubu ratlarda diğer gruplarla karşılaştırıldığında daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Neonatal dönemde BPA maruziyetinin folikülogeneze zarar verdiği, bu durumun da ovarium foliküllerinde dejeneratif değişikliklere neden olduğu ve melatonin de BPA tarafından hasar verilen rat ovaryumları üzerinde pozitif etkisi olabileceği kanısına varılmıştır

The therapeutic effects of coenzyme Q10 on surgically induced endometriosis in Sprague Dawley rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of endometriosis rat models. Twenty seven Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups; Control Group (n = 7; Endometriosis group), Reference Group (n = 6; Endometriosis + Buserelin acetate, 20 mg/kg), CoQ10 Group-I (n = 7; Endometriosis + CoQ10, 50 mg/kg) and CoQ10 Group-II (n = 7; Endometriosis + CoQ10, 100 mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, all the rats were sacrificed, and the volume and histoarchitecture of endometrial implants were evaluated. The mast cells were determined by Toluidine blue and collagen fiber density was analysed by Masson's Trichrome staining. Tumour necrosis factor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in peritoneal fluid and VEGF and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Terminal deoxynucleotidil transferase-mediated dUTP Nick end labelling (TUNEL) was also used for the detection of apoptotic cells. The CoQ10 treatment significantly decreased the volume of endometriotic implants, VEGF, and MMP-9 immunoreactivity and increased TUNEL-positive cells. The findings of the study suggest that CoQ10 can be used in endometriosis treatment by suppressing the endometriotic implants.IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? Endometriosis is a gynaecological disorder and previous studies have shown that different treatments with antioxidants cause significant regression in the endometriotic implants. What the results of this study add? In this study, CoQ10 reduced intra-abdominal adhesion scores and volume of the endometriotic implants. In addition, CoQ10 treatment affected mast cell, TNF-alpha, VEGF, and MMP-9. What of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? CoQ10 treatments may be possible to apply, it can contribute to science in terms of a new therapeutic treatment for endometriosis. Further studies are required to evaluate the Coenzyme Q10's effects on pain and subfertility in endometriosis.Projects of Scientific Investigation at Gazi University [01/2019-17]This study was supported by the Projects of Scientific Investigation at Gazi University [grant number 01/2019-17]

Epidermal growth factor enhances spinal fusion

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of human recombinant epidermal growth factor (EGF) on posterolateral lumbar fusion in a rat model. Methods 36 male Sprague Dawley rats underwent posterolateral fusion at L4-5 level. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups: 1- Sham control group where no local augmentation was made, 2- Local Hydoxyapatite β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) augmentation group and 3- Local HA/β-TCP + EGF augmentation group. Rats were euthanized at 8 weeks post-surgery. 6 rats from each group were selected for manual palpation examination, micro-computed tomography analysis and histologic analysis; and the rest was used for biomechanical analysis. Results Based on manual palpation, there was no fusion in the sham control group. Fusion rate was 33.3% in the HA/β-TCP group and 66.7% in the HA/β-TCP + EGF group (p = 0.085). Micro-CT results revealed that new bone formation was higher in the HA/β-TCP + EGF group (BV/TV: 40% vs. 65%) (p = 0.004). Histologically newly formed bone tissue was more pronounced in the EGF group and compacted and bridging bone spicules were observed. The median maximum bending moment values were 0.51 Nmm (0.42–0.59), 0.73 Nmm (0.49–0.88) and 0.91 Nmm (0.66–1.03) in the sham control, HA/β-TCP and HA/β-TCP + EGF groups, respectively (p = 0.013). The median stiffness values were 1.69 N/mm (1.12–2.18), 1.68 N/mm (1.13–2.74) and 3.10 N/mm (1.66–4.40) as in the previous order (p = 0.087). Conclusion This study demonstrates that EGF enhances posterolateral lumbar fusion in the rat model. EGF in combination with ceramic grafts increased the fusion rates. Our findings may provide insights to further studies, investigating EGF's clinical usage as an alternative fusion enhancer.PubMedWoSScopu