Relationship between managers’ leadership style and organisational structure and culture of Qazvin hospitals

Background and Aims: Organizational structure and culture influence the performance of an organization. Various factors, on the other hand, affect the structure and culture of an organization. This study aimed to examine the relationship between managers’ leadership style and organizational structure as well as culture in Qazvin hospitals, Qazvin, Iran.Materials and Methods: The present descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted through the use of leadership (including transformational, transactional and laissez-fair dimensions), organizational structure (including mechanistic and organic dimensions) and organizational culture (including attention to details, creativity, risk taking, stability, team- working and power distance dimensions) questionnaires. The questionnaires were distributed among hospital employees and managers using stratified random issues such as informed consent, sampling method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Ethical confidentiality of information and researchers’ objectivity were all considered.Results: Qazvin hospitals mainly had a mechanic and bureaucratic structure. The hospitals also revealed to have a moderate organizational culture. Stability and paying attention to details dimensions of organizational culture achieved higher scores. On the other hand, power distance, team working, risk taking and creativity achieved moderate scores. The prevalent leadership style of managers was  transformational. There was a meaningful statistical relationship between managers’ leadership styles and organizational structure and culture of Qazvin hospitals. Transformational leadership had the most impact on power distance and creativity dimensions of organizational culture.Conclusion: Identifying organizational structure and culture types as well as using an appropriate leadership style could improve hospitals’ productivity.Keywords: Organizational structure, organizational culture, leadership style, employee, manager, hospita

The evaluation of different hospital equipment microbial contamination in medical training center Hajar of Shahrekord

Results: The finding frame 137 cultures were showed that125 microbial culture was positive (91%) and 12 microbial cultures was negative (9%). The among microbial culture the highest bacterial contamination is related to bacillus bacteria (32.1%). The among different hospital wards highest bacterial contamination is related to heart, neonate, internal, intensive care unit 1 and 2 and dialysis is (96%) labor (95.5%)-neonate (90.5%) operation room (80%)-the among different hospital instrument highest microbial contamination for ..

رابطه بین سبک رهبری مدیران وساختار و فرهنگ سازمانی در بیمارستانهای شهر قزوین

Background and Aims: Organizational structure and culture influence the performance of an organization. Various factors, on the other hand, affect the structure and culture of an organization. This study aimed to examine the relationship between managers’ leadership style and organizational structure as well as culture in Qazvin hospitals, Qazvin, Iran.Materials and Methods: The present descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted through the use of leadership (including transformational, transactional and laissez-fair dimensions), organizational structure (including mechanistic and organic dimensions) and organizational culture (including attention to details, creativity, risk taking, stability, team- working and power distance dimensions) questionnaires. The questionnaires were distributed among hospital employees and managers using stratified random issues such as informed consent, sampling method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Ethical confidentiality of information and researchers’ objectivity were all considered.Results: Qazvin hospitals mainly had a mechanic and bureaucratic structure. The hospitals also revealed to have a moderate organizational culture. Stability and paying attention to details dimensions of organizational culture achieved higher scores. On the other hand, power distance, team working, risk taking and creativity achieved moderate scores. The prevalent leadership style of managers was  transformational. There was a meaningful statistical relationship between managers’ leadership styles and organizational structure and culture of Qazvin hospitals. Transformational leadership had the most impact on power distance and creativity dimensions of organizational culture.Conclusion: Identifying organizational structure and culture types as well as using an appropriate leadership style could improve hospitals’ productivity.چکیده زمینه و اهداف: عملکرد سازمان تا حد زیادی به ساختار و فرهنگ آن بستگی دارد. عوامل مختلفی بر ساختار و فرهنگ سازمانی تأثیر دارند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی رابطه بین سبک رهبری مدیران و ساختار و فرهنگ سازمانی بیمارستان‌های شهر قزوین انجام شد. مواد و روش‌ها: براي انجام اين پژوهش توصيفي و مقطعي از سه پرسشنامه سبک رهبری (شامل ابعاد تحول‌گرا، عمل‌گرا و منفعل)، ساختار سازمانی (دارای ابعاد ساختار سازمانی ارگانیک و مکانیک) و فرهنگ سازمانی (شامل ابعاد توجه به جزئیات، خلاقیت، ریسک‌پذیری، ثبات، کار گروهی و فاصله قدرت) استفاده شد که به‌صورت نمونه‌گيري تصادفي طبقه‌ای سهميه‌اي بين مديران و كاركنان بيمارستان‌ها توزيع شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS تحليل شد. ملاحظات اخلاقی نظیر جلب رضایت آگاهانه شرکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش، رعایت محرمانگی اطلاعات شخصی افراد و بی‌طرفی پژوهشگر رعایت شد. یافته‌ها: ساختار سازمانی بیمارستان‌های شهر قزوین از نوع مکانیکی و بروکراتیک و فرهنگ سازمانی بیمارستان‌ها از نوع میانه ارزشیابی شد. فرهنگ سازمانی در ابعاد توجه به جزئیات و ثبات، در حد قوی و در ابعاد ریسک پذیری، خلاقیت، کار گروهی و فاصله قدرت در حد متوسط ارزشیابی شد. سبک غالب رهبری مدیران بیمارستان‌های شهر قزوین سبک رهبری تحول‌گرا بود. رابطه معناداری بین سبک رهبری مدیران و ساختار سازمانی و فرهنگ سازمانی بیمارستان‌ها بدست آمد. سبک رهبری تحول‌گرا بیشترین تأثیر را بر فرهنگ سازمانی دارد. نتیجه‌گیری: شناسایی نوع ساختار و فرهنگ سازمانی بیمارستان‌ها و استفاده از سبک رهبری مناسب برای ارتقای آنها منجر به ارتقای بهره‌وری بیمارستان‌ها می‌شود. کليد واژه‌ها: ساختار سازمانی، فرهنگ سازمانی، سبک رهبری، کارکنان، مدیران، بیمارستا

Optimization of expression, extraction & purification of the N-terminal region of ipaD gene in Shigella dysenteriae by proteomics analysis

زمینه و هدف: باکتری شیگلا دیسانتری یکی از عوامل پاتوژن مهم است که علی‌رغم تلاش‌های چندین ساله برای تهیه واکسن علیه آن هنوز مطالعات گسترده پیرامون آن ادامه دارد. محصولات پلاسمید تهاجمی شیگلا (Ipa) نقش مهمی در تهاجم باکتری ایفا می‌کنند. پروتئین IpaD یکی از اعضای این خانواده است که به عنوان کاندید واکسن شیگلا مطرح می‌باشد. مطالعات متعدد بر روی این پروتئین نشان داده که ناحیه N- ترمینال آن نقش مهمی در فرآیند تهاجمی باکتری دارد. این مطالعه با هدف بهینه سازی بیان N- ترمینال ژن IpaD به منظور افزایش تولید پروتئین نو ترکیب انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی-آزمایشگاهی باکتری E. coli BL21(DE3) حامل پلاسمید pET-28a که ژن ناحیه N- ترمینال IpaD در آن همسانه سازی شده بود جهت مطالعات مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. پس از کشت باکتری، تاثیر سه فاکتور زمان القا، دما و غلظت ماده القا کننده ایزو-پروپیل-تایوبتا دی گالاکتوپیرانوزید (IPTG) بر میزان بیان، با استفاده از ژل سدیم دو دسیل سولفات-پلی آکریل آمید (SDS-PAGE) به صورت کیفی بررسی گردید. با استفاده از تصاویر دو بعدی تهیه شده از ژل‌ها با کمک نرم افزار آنالیز ژل‌های دو بعدی بررسی کمی بیان پروتئین صورت پذیرفت. مراحل استخراج و تخلیص پروتئین نوترکیب با کمک روش شیب اوره آغاز و با عبور نمونه‌ها از ستون کروماتوگرافی پایان یافت. یافته‌ها: نتایج بر روی ژل‌های SDS-PAGE نشان داد که میزان تقریبا مشابهی از تولید پروتئین نوترکیب در زمان‌ القا، دما و غلظت های مختلف IPTG بیان وجود دارد، اما یافته‌های نرم افزاری نشان داد بهترین شرایط بیان ناحیه N- ترمینال پروتئین IpaD در وکتور pET-28a دمای 37 درجه سانتی‌گراد، غلظت 7/0 میلی مولار IPTG و زمان 3 ساعت بعد از القا می‌باشد. نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج این مطالعـــه هر پروتئین بعد از فرآیند همسانه سازی شرایط بیان مخصوص به خود را دارا می‌باشد که شرایط دمایی و طول زمان القا سلول‌ها در مقدار تولید پروتئین موثرتر می‌باشند

In silico prediction of B cell epitopes of the hemolysis-associated protein 1 for vaccine design against leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is known as a zoonotic disease of global importance originated from infection with the spirochete bacterium Leptospira. Although several leptospirosis vaccines have been tested, the vaccination is relatively unsuccessful in clinical application despite decades of research. Therefore, this study was conducted to predict B cell epitopes of the hemolysis-associated protein 1 (Hap1) for vaccine design against leptospirosis. For prediction of linear epitopes, the sequence of extracellular region of Hap1 was submitted to ABCpred, BCPREDs, Bcepred, Bepipred and Ellipro servers. DiscoTope 2.0 and B-pred servers were used for prediction of conformational epitopes from the entire PDB structure of Hap1 that obtained from the homology modeling method. Further analysis for solvent accessible areas and relative solvent accessibility of all the residues on the PDB structures using Naccess program and NetSurfP server defined that predicted conformational B cell epitopes had higher solvent accessible and their residues were exposed on the surface therefore, immunoinformatics analysis showed that hemolysis-associated protein 1 can properly stimulate the B cells immune responses

Comparison of uterine preservation versus hysterectomy in women with placenta accreta: A cross-sectional study

Background: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a major cause of obstetric bleeding in third trimester of pregnancy. Objective: This study aimed to compare the outcomes of uterine preservation surgery vs. hysterectomy in women with PAS. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the records of 68 women with PAS referred to the Imam Khomeini hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, between March 2015 and February 2020 were included. The women were divided into 2 groups according to surgical approach: hysterectomy vs. uterine preservation (including just removing the lower segment, removing the lower segment with uterine artery ligation, or removing the lower segment with hypogastric artery ligation during cesarean section). The need for blood components transfusion (whole blood, packed cells, and fresh frozen plasma), maternal mortality, duration of surgery, and length of hospitalization were compared between groups. Results: In total, we investigated 68 women between the ages of 24-45 yr (mean age of 32.88 ± 5.08 yr). All participants were multiparous and underwent cesarean section. Furthermore, 28 women (41.2%) had a history of curettage. In total, 24 women (35.3%) underwent a hysterectomy, and 44 (64.7%) underwent uterine preservative surgeries. There were no significant differences between groups of hysterectomy and uterinepreservative surgeries in terms of the need for blood components transfusion, maternal mortality, duration of surgery, and length of hospitalization. Conclusion: The results of this study showed no significant difference between groups regarding the studied outcomes. Therefore, conservative surgeries could be used to preserve the uterus instead of hysterectomy in women with PAS. Key words: Placenta accreta, Placenta diseases, Pregnancy complications,Conservative treatment, Hysterectomy

Applying Immunoinformatics Methods to Identify Potential T and B Cell Epitopes in the CagA Protein of Helicobacter pylori

Background and Aim: Helicobacter pylori is not only identified as a leading cause of chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in humans, but also it is considered as a risk factor for the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma. This study aims to predict specific epitopes for the utility of designing peptide vaccine against H. pylori infection by targeting invasive, virulent and membrane associated proteins CagA. Materials and Methods: In the present study, various immunoinformatics approaches have been applied to design a potential epitope-based vaccine against H. pylori infection. For prediction of linear epitopes, the sequence of CagA was submitted to ABCpred, BCPREDS, Bcepred, Bepipred and Ellipro servers. DiscoTope 2.0 and B-pred servers were also used for the prediction of conformational epitopes. In addition, prediction of T-cell epitopes was carried out by CTLPred. Results: The obtained results demonstrated 277 conformational B-Cell epitopes in addition to predicted high score linear B and T cell epitopes in CagA protein. Conclusion: These predicted epitopes might be used to design a vaccine against H. pylori and thus, could be validated in model hosts to verify their efficacy as vaccine