Pulmonary lesions associated with intratracheal Benzo(a)pyrene instillation in Sprague Dawley rats

This study was conducted to assess acute exposure to very low dose of intratracheally instilled Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) on the lungs of rats. A total of 30 rats were utilized in this study and they were randomly divided into 6 groups. The control group (G1) did not receive any treatment, whereas the rats in the remaining 5 groups were administered with 13.8 ng of BaP, which were then sacrificed at 1 hour (G2), 8 hours (G3), 16 hours (G4), 32 hours (G5), and 72 hours (G6) of post-instillation (p.i.). Morphological appearances of all the lungs of all the treated rats consisted of various degrees of congestion, mostly evident in G3 and early development of emphysema, as seen in G4. These worsened as time progressed as observed in G6. On the other hand, the histological findings of the lungs of the treated rats revealed that the lungs had underwent some changes that were characterized by progressive alveolar congestion, epithelialisation with emphysema and accompanied by infiltration of inflammatory cells predominantly with alveolar macrophages and some neutrophils. However, even with such lesions seen, there was no apparent manifestation of impairment of the pulmonary system

The Employment of Quranic Evidence by AlGhalayiny in His Comprehensive Arabic Lessons Book: Adverb as a Case Study

The research aims to study one of the subjects of the Arabic language, which is (the employment of Quranic evidence by AlGhalayiny in his comprehensive Arabic lessons book: adverb as a case study - a grammatical study. The search consists of two sections, In the first topic, I mentioned a brief overview of Sheikh Mustafa Al-Ghalayini, the author of the book ``The Arabic Lessons Collector.'' His approach to writing was easy in style and clear meanings brought the rules closer to the understanding of the learners and put the effort away from the teachers. The second section focused on the subject of (the case), its conditions, properties, work, and conjugations, and concluded with the most important results and an index of sources and references

Catalytic Activity of Maghnite-H+ in the Synthesis of Polyphenylmethylsiloxane under Mild and Solvent-free Conditions

In this study, a new and easy strategy was discussed for the purpose of synthesizing of a polymer of phenylmethylcyclosiloxane type (PPMS). The cationic ring opening polymerization of triphenyltrimethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3Ph,Me) was initiated by a solid, efficient and environmentally-friendly catalyst called Maghnite-H+. Maghnite-H+ is a natural clay composed essentially of montmorillonite, it is activated with an acid treatment by replacing the interlayer ions by protons, that results to the increase of the basal space, this may be confirmed by XRD analysis. The reaction was carried out without solvent at different temperatures and for different periods of time, using also several catalyst contents. Subsequently, the operating conditions were opted in order to obtain a maximum yield of the linear polymer and a high average molecular mass as well. The structure of polymers obtained was confirmed by IR analysis. 1H NMR and 13C NMR analyzes were used to follow the crosslinking of polymer chains over time. The thermal behavior was investigated by DSC analysis. The average molecular mass and the polydispersity indices were determined by GPC

Application-based authentication on an inter-VM traffic in a Cloud environment

Cloud Computing (CC) is an innovative computing model in which resources are provided as a service over the Internet, on an as-needed basis. It is a large-scale distributed computing paradigm that is driven by economies of scale, in which a pool of abstracted, virtualized, dynamically-scalable, managed computing power, storage, platforms, and services are delivered on demand to external customers over the Internet. Since cloud is often enabled by virtualization and share a common attribute, that is, the allocation of resources, applications, and even OSs, adequate safeguards and security measures are essential. In fact, Virtualization creates new targets for intrusion due to the complexity of access and difficulty in monitoring all interconnection points between systems, applications, and data sets. This raises many questions about the appropriate infrastructure, processes, and strategy for enacting detection and response to intrusion in a Cloud environment. Hence, without strict controls put in place within the Cloud, guests could violate and bypass security policies, intercept unauthorized client data, and initiate or become the target of security attacks. This article shines the light on the issues of security within Cloud Computing, especially inter-VM traffic visibility. In addition, the paper lays the proposition of an Application Based Security (ABS) approach in order to enforce an application-based authentication between VMs, through various security mechanisms, filtering, structures, and policies

A journey of transformation : A reflective recount of the evolution of AKES,P

This paper presents an overall picture of the evolution of the Aga Khan Education Service, Pakistan (AKES,P) over a century. Reaching out to the remotest areas of Pakistan, AKES,P, has been providing quality education for over a hundred years. The first school of AKES,P, was established in 1905 in Gwadar, Balochistan. Over a century later, AKES,P, now operates 179 schools and 5 hostels in Gilgit-Baltistan, Chitral, Punjab and Sindh, mostly in rural areas. These represent very diverse schools, ranging from a rural school with less than 30 children to a large urban school with over 3000 children. AKES,P, places special emphasis on improving educational practice; leadership and management in diverse and challenging settings; child-centred teaching methods; increasing use of ICT; female education; school-based teacher development; and working in partnership with the government and communities. The paper elucidates the institution’s journey since its inception, under five major themes, which include: Institutional Development, History of Teacher Development, Evolution of Teaching and Learning Practices, Creating a Child Friendly Environment, and Community Development

Imágenes cardiovasculares en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas crónicas

The most prevalent rheumatic diseases are characterized by chronicity, inflammatory character and multiorgan affectation. The cardiovascular involvement is fairly common. Thus subclinical cardiac involvement is quite common and morbimortality increases when symptoms appear. Several cardiac imaging techniques (in particular new technologies) allow us to detect these silent heart abnormalities even in early stages of these diseases and inperiods of clinical stability. These “early stage” cardiovascular findings may help us to improve the risk stratification of these patients and implement intensive medical management when neededLas enfermedades reumáticas más prevalentes se caracterizan por su cronicidad, su carácter inflamatorio y su compromiso multiorgánico. El aparato cardiovascular se afecta de manera muy frecuente. Si bien en la mayoría de los casos la afección suele ser leve, su traducción clínica aumenta la morbimortalidad. Los métodos de diagnóstico por imagen, y especialmente el desarrollo reciente de nuevas tecnologías han evidenciado anormalidades incipientes desde el punto de vista cardiovascular en enfermos portadores de estas patologías, incluso en etapas tempranas y en períodos de estabilidad clínica. Por lo tanto, la evaluación de estos pacientes desde las imágenes cardiovasculares puede permitir identificar a aquellos individuos de mayor riesgo, quienes podrían beneficiarse con estrategias de manejo más intensivas

Development of a pilot-scale web-based inventory management system foe lab equipment and consumables

A proper management of inventory items can bring in significant benefit to any organization. With the advancement of communication system through internet and intranet, its scope is expanding rapidly in the form of web-based system. A web based inventory management system can bring exceptional value to an organization. As an organization grows, it is inevitable to deal with a lot of paper-based records for each transaction, thus requiring a lot of storage. Additionally, strict control of inventory with frequent cycle counting and high record accuracy is becoming imperative to survive in this competitive world. A web-based inventory system, as an alternative to conventional system, provides a platform where records can be archived and updated digitally, thus reducing filing activity at the end of each term and providing a scope of frequent counting with higher record accuracy. Another significant advantage is that a web based system can be accessed by authorized person anywhere and anytime. As a result, a manager should be a happier person if he can feel more 'in control' of what he manages. There has been a common perception that an inventory model is developed mostly in the context of manufacturing, wholesale, and retail sectors. Now with the advantages of the web based system, application of inventory management has crossed the common boundary. The pilot-scale research project was undertaken to study the scope of web based inventory system for managing laboratories of engineering program at a higher learning institute. Relevant data and information from few laboratories were gathered including the list of current inventory items. A web-based inventory management system for the laboratory inventory has been developed which could be used to check the current status of raw materials, consumables and machinery available, reveal the pattern of the need of materials in the various laboratories, identify the critical parts and equipment, and current stock level. A built-in function in the system can be used for planning in the context of determining the order quantity, reorder quantity and lead time

The application of garlic (Allium sativum) peel on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) against Aeromonas hydrophila infection

This study aim to investigate the efficacy of dietary doses of garlic (Allium sativum) peel on disease resistance and the duration of protection of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) juveniles against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. African catfish juveniles were fed twice daily for 4 weeks with 20 gkg-1 of garlic peels incorporated into fish formulated diet. Meanwhile 0 g of peels was served as control. After 4 weeks of post feeding, 15 fish were randomly selected for challenge with 108 cell/mL of A. hydrophila. During the challenge the fish were not fed with dietary of garlic. The duration of protection was observed at 7, 14 and 21 days following infection. The results demonstrated that dietary garlic peels provided protection toward African catfish against A. hydrophila after 14 days post feeding and slightly reduced protection after 21 days of post feeding. Significantly higher survival rate were recorded in dietary garlic peels (66%, 86% and 42%) when compared with the control. The result indicated that garlic peels able to enhance disease resistant of African catfish towards A. hydrophila infection

Effect of tropical climate to compressive strength of high performance fibre reinforced concrete

High performance fibre reinforced concrete (HPFRC) is relatively an advance fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) material, which is made of more than 2% volume fraction of fibres. This research focuses on the effect of tropical climate on the compressive strength of HPFRC. Total of 56 HPFRC cubes made of 3%, 4% and 5% of hooked-end fibres and grade 80 slurry were prepared. Half of which were exposed to tropical climate condition (80% humidity at 35°C) for 30 days which the other half are placed in room temperature. After which, the compression test was carried out. The highest compressive strength of 152.2 MPa was recorded from samples made of 5% fibre volume and being exposed to tropical climate, which is 90% higher than the control sample