Generación de contenidos digitales para la introducción de metodologías activas de aprendizaje en la asignatura Derecho Procesal II.

Memoria final del proyecto Generación de contenidos digitales para la introducción de metodologías activas de aprendizaje en la asignatura Derecho Procesal II

Spatio-temporal variation of early wood vessel features of Quercus robur L. along a climatic gradient in the northwestern iberian peninsula

Comunicación presentada en Rovaniemi (Finlandia) los días 13-18 de junio de 2010.Common European oak (Quercus robur L.) reaches its southwestern distribution limit in Europe close to the Northwestern Iberian Peninsula, where the transition to Mediterranean vegetation results in a progressive substitution of this species as xeric conditions increase. For this reason, xylem adaptations to drought conditions are relevant for the survival of these oaks, while their analysis by means of dendrochronological techniques can be useful to study their behavior in changing environments. For this work, we selected a network of 12 sites distributed all along Galicia (NW Spain), trying to characterize the transition to the Mediterranean climate within the region. Earlywood vessels were measured for 10 trees per site for a common period of 20 years, and combined into several growth variables combining vessel size and numbers (mean and maximum vessel area, number of vessels, total conductive area and conductivity), also considering the position within the ring. We used these data to build chronologies for each growth variable and site, which were compared by multivariate techniques. The results showed that vessel characteristics varied among sites according to the prevailing conditions along the gradient. Similarly, the comparison of time series provided a more detailed picture of the influence of climate on the adaptations of xylem anatomy. In summary, this works constitutes one of the first attempts to apply quantitative tree- ring anatomy to a network of site chronologies, and can be of relevance to the study of global chang

Metal-free organocatalysts for high hydrolytic stability single component polyurethane adhesives and their application in decorative insulation facades manufacturing

We focused on developing polyurethane (PU) adhesives with superior ambient thermal and hydrolytic stability, a crucial factor for industrial productivity. Our approach involved creating PU prepolymers that can withstand varying temperatures in ambient conditions. These prepolymers consist of conventional isocyanate-terminated polyurethane and metal-free acid:base organic catalysts, with the stability of the adhesive relying on the organocatalyst employed. We tested a series of 11 latent organocatalysts derived from the reaction between 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) and various acids. Among these, the catalyst based on 1-naphthoic acid exhibited exceptional stability, lasting at least 3 h at 60 ◦C and an average relative humidity of 65% under vigorous stirring. We assessed this stability using a fan-based stirrer and analyzed the curing conditions kinetically through DSC. Furthermore, our adhesive formulation is environmentally friendly as it is free of metals, specifically tin (typically present in catalysts such as dibutyltin dilaurate). This quality enhances its sustainability. To validate the practical applicability of the adhesives, we conducted tests using decorative facade models composed of siliciclastic sandstone extracted from a quarry in Vilviestre del Pinar (Burgos, Spain. Latitude: 41.951024◦N, longitude: 3.078283◦W) and extruded polystyrene (XPS). The results demonstrated the excellent hydrolytic and thermal stability of the adhesives, highlighting their significant potential for panel manufacturing in this context.This work was supported by the Regional Government of Castilla y León (Junta de Castilla y León) and by the Ministry of Science and Innovation MICIN and the European Union NextGeneration EU PRTR. Author José Miguel García received grant PID2020-113264RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. Author Miriam Trigo-López received grant PID2019-108583RJ-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Author Saul Vallejos received grant BG22/00086 funded by Spanish Ministerio de Universidades

Current concentrations of Zn, Cu, and As in piggery wastewater compromise nutrient removals in microalgae–bacteria photobioreactors due to altered microbial communities

Producción CientíficaSimple Summary: Photobioreactor systems based on consortia of microalgae and bacteria are a promising, efficient and sustainable alternative for treatment of wastewaters with high nitrogen content, such as piggery wastewater. In these biological systems, microorganisms play a key role in wastewater treatment by degradation of organic matter and accumulation of nutrients into the generated biomass. However, these wastewaters often contain high concentrations of zinc, copper and arsenic, which can severely affect the activity and growth of microorganisms, and so, the wastewater treatment performance. This article studies the effect of high concentrations of zinc, copper and arsenic on microbial communities, specifically microalgae and bacteria, in photobioreactors treating piggery wastewater, with the aim of elucidating their impact on wastewater treatment performance. For this purpose, the growth of microalgae and the composition and structure of bacterial communities exposed to these pollutants were studied. The performance of the reactors was also evaluated by determining the removal of nutrients, zinc, copper and arsenic. The results showed that high concentrations of zinc, copper and arsenic in piggery wastewater significantly affect the microbiome of the reactors without recovery after exposure to these contaminants, resulting in poorer performance of the reactors and compromising the environmental and health impact of treated effluents.The treatment of pig manure is a major environmental issue, and photobioreactors containing consortia of microalgae and bacteria have proven to be a promising and sustainable treatment alternative. This work studies the effect of Cu, Zn and As, three toxic elements frequently present in piggery wastewater, on the performance and microbiome of photobioreactors. After dopage with Zn (100 mg/L), Cu (100 mg/L), and As (500 µg/L), the high biomass uptake of Zn (69–81%) and Cu (81–83%) decreased the carbon removal in the photobioreactors, inhibited the growth of Chlorella sp., and affected heterotrophic bacterial populations. The biomass As uptake result was low (19%) and actually promoted microalgae growth. The presence of Cu and As decreased nitrogen removal, reducing the abundance of denitrifying bacterial populations. The results showed that metal(loid)s significantly affected 24 bacterial genera and that they did not recover after exposure. Therefore, this study makes an important contribution on the impact of the presence of metal(loid)s in piggery wastewater that compromises the overall performance of PBRs, and so, the environmental and health impact of treated effluentsMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades - (projects PID2020-113544RB-I00 y PDC2021-121861-C22)Junta de Castilla y León, Unión Europea y Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) - (project CLU2017-09

Current Concentrations of Zn, Cu, and As in Piggery Wastewater Compromise Nutrient Removals in Microalgae–Bacteria Photobioreactors Due to Altered Microbial Communities

This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microalgae Biotechnology[EN] The treatment of pig manure is a major environmental issue, and photobioreactors contain- ing consortia of microalgae and bacteria have proven to be a promising and sustainable treatment alternative. This work studies the effect of Cu, Zn and As, three toxic elements frequently present in piggery wastewater, on the performance and microbiome of photobioreactors. After dopage with Zn (100 mg/L), Cu (100 mg/L), and As (500 μg/L), the high biomass uptake of Zn (69–81%) and Cu (81–83%) decreased the carbon removal in the photobioreactors, inhibited the growth of Chlorella sp., and affected heterotrophic bacterial populations. The biomass As uptake result was low (19%) and actually promoted microalgae growth. The presence of Cu and As decreased nitrogen removal, reducing the abundance of denitrifying bacterial populations. The results showed that metal(loid)s significantly affected 24 bacterial genera and that they did not recover after exposure. Therefore, this study makes an important contribution on the impact of the presence of metal(loid)s in piggery wastewater that compromises the overall performance of PBRs, and so, the environmental and health impact of treated effluentsSIThis work was supported by the “Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades” of Spain (PID2020-113544RB-I00 y PDC2021-121861-C22). The authors also thank the regional government of Castilla y León (UIC 338, CLU 2017-09) and the EU-FEDER (CLU 2017-09) for the financial support of this work

Review of self-characterization: A constructive narrative technique

La autocaracterización es una técnica narrativa enmarcada dentro de la Teoría de los Constructos Personales (Kelly, 1955). Se diferencia de otras técnicas narrativas por la estructura de sus instrucciones, donde se solicita a la persona describirse a sí misma en tercera persona de una forma íntima; y por el formato de corrección, que trata de desenfocar al lector de su visión y asumir el punto de vista del autor como propio, así como por explorar el proceso y el sistema de construcción personal. Pese a ser destacada por su utilidad clínica (G. J. Neimeyer, 1996), no se han encontrado trabajos que reúnan los principales resultados que ha cosechado esta técnica. El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar las similitudes y las diferencias encontradas en los trabajos que hacen uso de ella. Para dar respuesta, se lleva a cabo una revisión de literatura que reúne las principales contribuciones sobre la autocaracterización. Se ha tenido en cuenta la metodología empleada en los estudios, el formato de instrucción y de corrección y las etapas de análisis. La investigación muestra que el acercamiento crédulo, la flexibilidad de las instrucciones y la exploración de los constructos personales son los puntos recurrentes en los distintos trabajos recopilados. Se concluye que el formato de corrección, escasamente sistematizado, está influyendo negativamente en su uso y en su difusión a nivel empírico. Adicionalmente, se indica la necesidad de generar un protocolo de análisis que integre las principales etapas de análisis y actitudes del terapeuta que más atención han cosechado.Self-characterization is a narrative technique framed in Personal Construct Theory (PCT; Kelly, 1955). It is differentiated from others narrative techniques by its elicited instructions, where is request a third person selfdescription in a sympathetic and intimate way, and by analysis protocol, that try to blur the reader from his own vision and assume the author’s point of view as his own, like so explore the process and the system of personal construct. Despite being highlighted for therapeutic useful (G. J. Neimeyer, 1996), no works founds that gather the self-characterizations finds. The objective is analyzing the differences and similarities founded between research which use self-characterization. For give an answer, it is made a literature review that group the main contributions about this technique. It has been taken in consideration the methodology, instructions and analysis format, and analysis phases. This paper sample that credulous approach, instruction flexibility and personal construct exploration are the recurrent point in compiled works. It is been concluded that analysis format, poorly systematized, supposes a negative influence in its use and diffusion at empiric level. Additionally, it is indicated the need to generate a new protocol to analysis that integrated the principal phases and therapeutic attitude that have garnered more attention

Mechanomyographic Measures of Muscle Contractile Properties are Infuenced by Electrode Size and Stimulation Pulse Duration

The aim was to determine the efects of changing pulse duration and electrode size on muscle contractile properties. Thirty-six healthy young male participated in the study (age 24.8±5.8 years; height 178.2±0.6cm; body mass 71.8±7.3kg; self-reported weekly moderate intensity activity 3.5±1.2h·week−1). Tensiomyography was used to assess rectus femoris (RF) and vastus medialis (VM) muscles neuromuscular properties of the dominant leg according to the electrode size (3.2–5cm) and the stimulus length (0.2, 0.5, and 1ms). Maximal radial displacement (Dm); Contraction time (Tc); Delay time (Td); Sustained time (Ts) and Half relaxation time (Tr) were measured. Relative and absolute reliability was quantifed. To analyze the efects of the electrode and the stimulus length, a repeated-measures analysis of variance was used. Dm and Tc parameters showed for both muscles an excellent relative (0.95–0.99) and absolute reliability (1.6–4.2%). However, Ts and Tr showed low values of absolute reliability (4.4–40.9%). The duration of the stimulus length applied to the RF and VM and electrode size signifcantly infuences muscle’s contractile properties (p<0.05; η2 p=0.09–0.60). The Dm increases substantially as the duration of the stimulus increases and with the use of the larger electrode in both muscles. However, Tc and Td are less afected by both conditions and not entirely clear. Practically, our study suggests that a stimulus pulse duration of 1ms together with a 5 × 5cm electrode is necessary to reach a reliable and reproducible assessment of both RF and VM muscles contractile properties.Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deport

Surface protection of recycled concrete from different biogenic silica bio-deposition techniques: A sustainable approach

[EN] The increasing generation of construction and demolition waste poses an environmental challenge. In this study, the use of recycled concretes is proposed as a possible solution, reducing the extraction of natural resources and minimising the accumulation of waste in landfills. To ensure the durability and strength of this type of recycled concrete, two diatom culture techniques were developed in controlled environments to promote the bio-deposition of biogenic silica on the surface concrete. Through the resulting protective biofilm, diatoms decreased the capillary absorption and improved the impermeability of concrete to water and gases, such as CO2. Furthermore, these contributed to an increased mechanical strength of the concrete and a positive morphological modification of its surface by densifying and sealing surface pores. These results support the potential of diatoms as an effective solution to improve the properties and durability of recycled concreteSIThis work has been supported by the Junta de Castilla y León through the grants to finance the pre-doctoral hiring of research personnel, co-financed by the European Social Fund and resulting ORDEN EDU/875/2021 and ORDEN EDU/601/202

Perfil de Usuarios de Una Clínica Universitaria Durante El Estado de Alarma Sanitaria COVID 19

This study aims to analyze the profile of users in an university clinic (SPA-UNED) during the first COVID-19 19 health alarm. The sample was composed of 124 participants (70.4% women) with an average age of 41.49 years and four instruments were used: Symptom Assessment-45 Questionnaire (SA-45), Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE-28) and the Scale Connor-Davidson Resilience (CD-RISC). The results showed a sociodemographic profile formed mainly by single Spanish women from the service sector. Consistent with the reasons for consultation, participants predominantly showed symptoms of depression, anxiety, and somatization, poor use of coping strategies, and low levels of resilience. These variables may be a possible risk profile in the clinical population that outlines a vulnerable group for which psychological prevention and intervention measures are requiredEl presente estudio pretende analizar el perfil de los usuarios atendidos por el dispositivo especial de atención psicológica en línea habilitado por el Servicio de Psicología Aplicada (SPA) durante el primer período de alerta sanitaria COVID-19. La muestra, compuesta por 124 participantes (70.4% mujeres) con una edad promedio de 41.49 años cumplimentó las versiones abreviadas del Listado de síntomas SA-45, la medida de resultados clínicos CORE-OM, el Inventario de afrontamiento COPE-28 y la Escala de resiliencia de Connor-Davidson. Los resultados mostraron un perfil sociodemográfico formado mayoritariamente por mujeres estudiantes o del sector servicios, solteras y de nacionalidad española, con problemas previos de salud mental. Congruentemente con los motivos de consulta, mostraron predominantemente sintomatología de depresión, ansiedad y somatización, un deficiente uso de estrategias de afrontamiento y bajos niveles de resilencia. De las variables mencionadas puede extraerse un posible perfil de riesgo en población clínica que perfila un grupo vulnerable sobre el que se precisan medidas de prevención e intervención psicológicas