Perbedaan Tingkat Kecemasan Antara Siswa Kelas X Yang Mengikuti Dengan Yang Tidak Mengikuti Bimbingan Belajar Dalam Menghadapi Ujian Semester Di SMA N 1 Gubug

Gangguan cemas dapat dialami oleh 2-4% populasi. Di Indonesia kecemasan diperkirakan sekitar 2-6 juta jiwa dari 220 juta populasi masyarakat Indonesia. Wanita 2 kali lebih banyak mengalami kecemasan dibanding pria. Siswa Menengah Atas (SMA) memiliki minat tinggi mengikuti bimbingan belajar yang dilakukan dalam satu kali seminggu atau dua kali seminggu. Prevalensi siswa yang mengikuti bimbingan belajar di setiap bimbingan belajar di Indonesia diperkirakan sekitar 100.000 siswa setiap tahunnya, dimana angka ini terus mengalami peningkatan. Salah satu kelebihan yang dimiliki lembaga bimbingan belajar adalah banyak membaca dan latihan soal, sehingga siswa dapat memecahkan soal-soal dengan cepat dan tepat. Seringnya berlatih, membuat siswa menjadi terbiasa dan terlatih, sehingga tidak merasa kecemasan yang berlebih saat menghadapi soal ujian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat kecemasan siswa kelas X yang mengikuti dengan yang tidak mengikuti bimbingan belajar dalam menghadapi ujian semester di SMAN 1 Gubug. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 136 yang terdiri dari 68 siswa yang mengikuti bimbingan belajar dan 68 siswa yang tidak mengikuti bimbingan belajar di SMAN 1 Gubug. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan desain penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuesioner data diri, kuesioner Lie Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (LMMPI), dan Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS). Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji t melalui program spss 19 for windows. Berdasarkan analisa data dengan menggunakan uji t didapatkan t hitung sebesar 3,495 dengan p value = 0,001, karena p value < 0,05 H1 diterima dan H0 ditolak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan tingkat kecemasan antara siswa kelas X yang mengikuti dengan yang tidak mengikuti bimbingan belajar dalam menghadapi ujian semester di SMAN 1 Gubug

Hubungan Antara Peningkatan Kadar Asam Urat Darah dengan Kejadian Hipertensi di RSUD Sukoharjo

Background : Hypertension is responsible for target organ damage, but usually people with hypertension do not have any visible sign and symptom, so they dont realize having hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing by years. Increasing uric acid blood level is one of hypertension risk factor. Uric acid had been known as anti oxydative agent, but recent studies shows increasing uric acid level leads to hypertension. Aim : To know the association between increasing uric acid blood level with incident of hypertension of patient in interna clinic of General Hospital Sukoharjo. Methode : Using cross sectional study design which variable are taken in the same time. Samples are taken from medical records data using simple random sampling. 52 samples divided into 26 hypertension samples and 26 non hypertension. Samples are selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study and recorded uric acid blood level from medical records. Result : 26 samplewith hypertensionhas increasing uric acid blood level (100%), while 26 samplenon hypertensionsamples shows 2 samplshas hiperuricemia (7,7%) and 24 sampleshas normal uric acid (92,3%). The result fromLambda correlation test shows strong correlation (r=0,923) andsignificant correlation (p<0,1) with positive correlation. Conclusion: There is strong correlation between increasing uric acid blood level and incident of hypertensio

Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh Diatas Normal Terhadap Premenstrual Syndrome Pada Wanita Usia Reproduktif Di Kelurahan Loa Ipuh Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara

Background:Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a group of physical and psychological symptomps which occurs before the time of menstruation. In general, the female premenstrual syndrome prevalence is about 90%, whereas 3- 5% of them experienced disturbance symptomps of daily life. One of the premenstrual syndrome’s risk factors is Body Mass Index. Objective: To determine the relationship of Body Mass Index to premenstrual syndrome od reproductive women in Loa Ipuh Village Kutai Kartanegara District. Method: This study used observational analytic method with cross sectional design. Spearman test were used to examine the ignificance of the correlatin between two variables. The independent variable is Body Mass Index and the dependent variable is premenstrual syndrome. Subjects in this study were 86 samples. Results: 43 respondents who has BMI above the normal range, there was 25 respondents (29,0%) experienced PMS and 17 respondents (19,7%) didn’t experience it. Whereas 43 respondents who has BMI in normal range, there was 5 respondents (5,8%) experienced PMS and 39 respondents (45,3%) didn’t experience it. This research has p value = 0,000 and r value = 0,488 which means te results has significance correlation between Body Mass Index and remenstrual syndrome. Conclusion: Womans with Body Mass Index above the normal range has higher risk to experience premenstrual syndrome than woman with Body Mass Index in normal range

PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN TAEKWONDO TERHADAP KEBUGARAN FISIK ANAK USIA 8-12 TAHUN

Tujuan  yang  ingin  dicapai  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah  untuk  mengetahui  pengaruhpembelajaran taekwondo terhadap kebugaran fisik anak usia dini.Pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimen, desain yangdigunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model one gruop pretest posttest design. Seluruh popuasidalam penelitian ini digunakan sebagai sampel peneitian, subjek penelitian adalah anak usia diniyang berjumlah 10 peserta. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk kebugarn fisik menggunakan TKJIyang terdiri dari lari 40 meter, gantung siku tekuk, baring duduk, loncat tegak, dan lari 600 meter.Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji hipotesis dengan analisis uji t (paired sample t test).Berdasarkan hasil peneitian dan pembahasan analisisi uji t diatas telah diperoleh nilai t hitung (5,217) t tabel  (2,262), dan nilai p (0,001) dari 0,05, hasil tersebut diartikan ada pengaruhpembelajaran taekwondo terhadap kebugaran fisik anak usia dini, dengan peningkatan sebesar36,49 %. Hasil tersebut disimpulkan ada pengaruh pembelajaran taekwondo terhadap kebugaranfisik anak usia dini.  Kata kunci : pengaruh, pembelajaran taekwondo, kebugaran fisi

BINA DESA BEBAS STUNTING MELALUI INOVASI GIZI “GERAKAN MAPAN” (MANDIRI PANGAN DAN EKONOMI KELUARGA) DI KOTA PANGKALPINANG

Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak akibat kekurangan gizi kronis dan infeksi berulang, sehingga berdampak pada menurunnya daya tahan tubuh, kecerdasan dan produktivitas. Faktor risiko penyebab stunting, antara lain adalah&nbsp; faktor asupan gizi ibu dan anak, status kesehatan balita, ketahanan pangan, lingkungan sosial dan kesehatan, lingkungan pemukiman, kemiskinan, dan lain-lain. Pengabdian masyarakat Program Kemitraan Wilayah yang dilaksanakan oleh tim dosen&nbsp; gizi dan bidan Poltekkes Kemenkes Pangkalpinang dengan mitra Dinas Kesehatan Kota Pangkalpinang mengusung tema gizi inovasi dengan gerakan MAPAN&nbsp; desa mandiri pangan dan ekonomi keluarga, yang melatar belakangi hasil analisis terjadinya stunting di Kota pangkalpinang&nbsp; rata-rata adalah pendidikan rendah, keluarga miskin dan sanitasi kurang. Dengan adanya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menjadi suntikan bagi keluarga dengan balita stunting&nbsp; mandiri secara&nbsp; ekonomi&nbsp; sehingga&nbsp; adanya stimulasi usaha kecil produk gizi bisa membantu perekonomian keluarga dan tidak tergantung sepenuhnya dengan bantuan PMT dari pemerintah

Dynamic regulation of the endocannabinoid system: implications for analgesia

The analgesic effects of cannabinoids are well documented, but these are often limited by psychoactive side-effects. Recent studies indicate that the endocannabinoid system is dynamic and altered under different pathological conditions, including pain states. Changes in this receptor system include altered expression of receptors, differential synthetic pathways for endocannabinoids are expressed by various cell types, multiple pathways of catabolism and the generation of biologically active metabolites, which may be engaged under different conditions. This review discusses the evidence that pain states alter the endocannabinoid receptor system at key sites involved in pain processing and how these changes may inform the development of cannabinoid-based analgesics

Screening of anti-dengue activity in methanolic extracts of medicinal plants

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dengue fever regardless of its serotypes has been the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral diseases among the world population. The development of a dengue vaccine is complicated by the antibody-dependent enhancement effect. Thus, the development of a plant-based antiviral preparation promises a more potential alternative in combating dengue disease.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Present studies investigated the antiviral effects of standardised methanolic extracts of <it>Andrographis paniculata, Citrus limon, Cymbopogon citratus, Momordica charantia, Ocimum sanctum </it>and <it>Pelargonium citrosum </it>on dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1).</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>O. sanctum </it>contained 88.6% of total flavonoids content, an amount that was the highest among all the six plants tested while the least was detected in <it>M. charantia</it>. In this study, the maximum non-toxic dose (MNTD) of the six medicinal plants was determined by testing the methanolic extracts against Vero E6 cells <it>in vitro</it>. Studies also determined that the MNTD of methanolic extract was in the decreasing order of <it>M. charantia </it>><it>C. limon </it>><it>P. citrosum, O. sanctum </it>><it>A. paniculata </it>><it>C. citratus</it>. Antiviral assay based on cytopathic effects (CPE) denoted by degree of inhibition upon treating DENV1-infected Vero E6 cells with MNTD of six medicinal plants showed that <it>A. paniculata </it>has the most antiviral inhibitory effects followed by <it>M. charantia</it>. These results were further verified with an <it>in vitro </it>inhibition assay using MTT, in which 113.0% and 98.0% of cell viability were recorded as opposed to 44.6% in DENV-1 infected cells. Although methanolic extracts of <it>O. sanctum </it>and <it>C. citratus </it>showed slight inhibition effect based on CPE, a significant inhibition was not reflected in MTT assay. Methanolic extracts of <it>C. limon </it>and <it>P. citrosum </it>did not prevent cytopathic effects or cell death from DENV-1.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The methanol extracts of <it>A. paniculata </it>and <it>M. charantia </it>possess the ability of inhibiting the activity of DENV-1 in <it>in vitro </it>assays. Both of these plants are worth to be further investigated and might be advantageous as an alternative for dengue treatment.</p

Exosomes released by EBV-infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells convey the viral Latent Membrane Protein 1 and the immunomodulatory protein galectin 9

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) are consistently associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Their malignant epithelial cells contain the viral genome and express several antigenic viral proteins. However, the mechanisms of immune escape in NPCs are still poorly understood. EBV-transformed B-cells have been reported to release exosomes carrying the EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) which has T-cell inhibitory activity. Although this report suggested that NPC cells could also produce exosomes carrying immunosuppressive proteins, this hypothesis has remained so far untested. METHODS: Malignant epithelial cells derived from NPC xenografts – LMP1-positive (C15) or negative (C17) – were used to prepare conditioned culture medium. Various microparticles and vesicles released in the culture medium were collected and fractionated by differential centrifugation. Exosomes collected in the last centrifugation step were further purified by immunomagnetic capture on beads carrying antibody directed to HLA class II molecules. Purified exosomes were visualized by electron microscopy and analysed by western blotting. The T-cell inhibitory activities of recombinant LMP1 and galectin 9 were assessed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated by CD3/CD28 cross-linking. RESULTS: HLA-class II-positive exosomes purified from C15 and C17 cell supernatants were containing either LMP1 and galectin 9 (C15) or galectin 9 only (C17). Recombinant LMP1 induced a strong inhibition of T-cell proliferation (IC50 = 0.17 nM). In contrast recombinant galectin 9 had a weaker inhibitory effect (IC50 = 46 nM) with no synergy with LMP1. CONCLUSION: This study provides the proof of concept that NPC cells can release HLA class-II positive exosomes containing galectin 9 and/or LMP1. It confirms that the LMP1 molecule has intrinsic T-cell inhibitory activity. These findings will encourage investigations of tumor exosomes in the blood of NPC patients and assessment of their effects on various types of target cells