ASPECTOS GENÉTICOS E DE AMBIENTE SOBRE PESOS PRÉ E PÓS DESMAMA EM BOVINOS DA RAÇA TABAPUÃ NA REGIÃO PECUÁRIA OESTE SÃO PAULO PARANÁ

A região pecuária Oeste São Paulo-Paraná tem características exclusivas para definição do manejo a ser adotado nos rebanhos. Desta forma, se faz necessário a identificação de parâmetros que possam contribuir para a melhoria de sua produtividade. Foram avaliadas fontes genéticas e não genéticas da variação dos pesos ajustados para aos 205 (P205), 365 (P365) e 550 (P550) dias de idades de bovinos Tabapuã, em um período de 20 anos. Análises de variância foram realizadas pelo método dos quadrados mínimos, para verificar a influência de alguns fatores ambientais. O modelo estatístico incluiu os efeitos fixos de ano e estação de nascimento, sexo e a covariável de idade da vaca ao parto (linear e quadrático), além do efeito aleatório de touro aninhado a fazenda de criação. Os componentes de (co)variância para obter os parâmetros genéticos foram estimados pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita livre de derivadas (REML), sob modelo animal univariado. Incluiu-se neste modelo os efeitos aleatórios genéticos direto e materno, e o de ambiente permanente da vaca, além dos efeitos fixos de grupo de contemporâneos e a covariável idade da vaca (efeito linear e quadrático). As médias observadas dos pesos aos 205, 365 e 550 dias foram: 170,35 (25,04; 219,49 (31,37 e 282,97 (48,90 kg, para 7.419, 6.726 e 4.431 observações, respectivamente. Os efeitos de meio foram significantes (

Resolvin rvd2 reduces hypothalamic inflammation and rescues mice from diet-induced obesity

Diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation is an important mechanism leading to dysfunction of neurons involved in controlling body mass. Studies have shown that polyunsaturated fats can reduce hypothalamic inflammation. Here, we evaluated the presence and function of RvD2, a resolvin produced from docosahexaenoic acid, in the hypothalamus of mice. Methods: Male Swiss mice were fed either chow or a high-fat diet. RvD2 receptor and synthetic enzymes were evaluated by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. RvD2 was determined by mass spectrometry. Dietary and pharmacological approaches were used to modulate the RvD2 system in the hypothalamus, and metabolic phenotype consequences were determined. Results: All enzymes involved in the synthesis of RvD2 were detected in the hypothalamus and were modulated in response to the consumption of dietary saturated fats, leading to a reduction of hypothalamic RvD2. GPR18, the receptor for RvD2, which was detected in POMC and NPY neurons, was also modulated by dietary fats. The substitution of saturated by polyunsaturated fats in the diet resulted in increased hypothalamic RvD2, which was accompanied by reduced body mass and improved glucose tolerance. The intracerebroventricular treatment with docosahexaenoic acid resulted in increased expression of the RvD2 synthetic enzymes, increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and improved metabolic phenotype. Finally, intracerebroventricular treatment with RvD2 resulted in reduced adiposity, improved glucose tolerance and increased hypothalamic expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions: Thus, RvD2 is produced in the hypothalamus, and its receptor and synthetic enzymes are modulated by dietary fats. The improved metabolic outcomes of RvD2 make this substance an attractive approach to treat obesity14511

Morbidade e sobrevida em AIDS avançada no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Opportunistic diseases (OD) are the most common cause of death in AIDS patients. To access the incidence of OD and survival in advanced immunodeficiency, we included 79 patients with AIDS treated at Hospital Evandro Chagas (FIOCRUZ) from September 1997 to December 1999 with at least one CD4 countAs doenças oportunistas (DO) são a causa mais comum de morte em pacientes com AIDS. Para acessar a incidência de DO e a sobrevida na imunodeficiência avançada, foram incluídos 79 pacientes com AIDS tratados no Hospital Evandro Chagas (FIOCRUZ) no período de Setembro de 1997 a Dezembro de 1999, com ao menos uma contagem de células CD

Erratum To: Quality Of Sweat Test (st) Based On The Proportion Of Sweat Sodium (na) And Sweat Chloride (cl) As Diagnostic Parameter Of Cystic Fibrosis: Are We On The Right Way?

During production of the original article [1] the Methods section included an incorrect sentence. The following sentence "For the analysis of variables with numerical distribution, Fisher's exact test and one-way analysis of variance were used" should be corrected as "For the analysis of variables with numerical distribution, Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used". © The Author(s).12