AVALIAÇÃO DA CONCENTREAÇÃO DO LACTATO DESIDROGENASE EM CADELAS PORTADORAS DE NEOPLASIAS MAMÁRIAS

The increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity is associated with hypoxia due to the rapid proliferation of cancer cells and high metabolic demands. Few studies have evaluated the LDH concentration in canine mammary tumor (CMT). Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate serum LDH concentrations in CMT and its association with prognostic factors. Thirty bitches participated in the work and were divided equally into two groups, with and without CMT. The average concentration of LDH was significantly higher in CMT (424.9±244.4 U / L) compared to the control group (299.0±170.3 U / L) and its values were positively correlated with inflammation and / or macroscopic ulceration (r=0.6), tumor size (r=0.5), histopathological grade (r=0.6), metastatic lymph node (r=0.7) and clinical stage (r=0.5).O aumento da atividade da lactato desidrogenase (LDH) está associado à hipóxia devido à rápida proliferação de células cancerígenas e altas demandas metabólicas. Poucos estudos avaliaram a concentração de LDH em tumor mamário canino (CMT). Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as concentrações séricas de LDH na CMT e sua associação com fatores prognósticos. Trinta cadelas participaram do trabalho e foram divididas igualmente em dois grupos, com e sem CMT. A concentração média de LDH foi significativamente maior no CMT (424,9±244,4 U/L) em comparação ao grupo controle (299,0±170,3 U/L) e seus valores foram positivamente correlacionados com inflamação e/ou ulceração macroscópica (r=0,6), tamanho do tumor (r=0,5), grau histopatológico (r=0,6), linfonodo metastático (r=0,7) e estágio clínico (r=0,5)

Semen quality, testicular B-mode and Doppler ultrasound, and serum testosterone concentrations in dogs with established infertility

Retrospective examination of breeding records enabled the identification of 10 dogs of normal fertility and 10 dogs with established infertility of at least 12 months of duration. Comparisons of testicular palpation, semen evaluation, testicular ultrasound examination, Doppler ultrasound measurement of testicular artery blood flow, and measurement of serum testosterone concentration were made between the two groups over weekly examinations performed on three occasions. There were no differences in testicular volume (cm3) between the two groups (fertile right testis = 10.77 ± 1.66; fertile left testis = 12.17 ± 2.22); (infertile right testis = 10.25 ± 3.33; infertile left testis = 11.37 ± 3.30), although the infertile dogs all had subjectively softer testes compared with the fertile dogs. Infertile dogs were either azoospermic or when they ejaculated, they had lower sperm concentration, sperm motility, and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa than fertile dogs. Furthermore, infertile dogs had reduced sperm membrane integrity measured via the hypoosmotic swelling test. Infertile dogs had significantly lower basal serum testosterone concentrations (1.40 ± 0.62 ng/mL) than fertile dogs (1.81 ± 0.87 ng/mL; P < 0.05). There were subjective differences in testicular echogenicity in some of the infertile dogs, and important differences in testicular artery blood flow with lower peak systolic and end-diastolic velocities measured in the distal supratesticular artery, marginal testicular artery, and intratesticular artery of infertile dogs (P < 0.05). Notably, resistance index and pulsatility index did not differ between infertile and fertile dogs. These findings report important differences between infertile and fertile dogs which may be detected within an expanded breeding soundness examination

Displasia Occipital Em Cão Poodle

The occipital dysplasia has been characterized by a dorsal enlargement of the foramen magnum which can vary in size and shape. Clinical signs may be present or not in animals with occipital dysplasia. The purpose of this study was to diagnose the occipital dysplasia of a dog, correlating the clinical signs to radiographic findings. It can be concluded that radiographic exam is enough to diagnose occipital dysplasia.A displasia occipital tem sido caracterizada por um alargamento dorsal do forame magno que pode variar em tamanho e forma. Os sinais clínicos podem estar presentes ou não em animais com displasia occipital. O objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar a displasia occipital de um cão, correlacionando os sinais clínicos aos achados radiográficos. Pode-se concluir que o exame radiográfico é suficiente para diagnosticar a displasia occipital