7,093 research outputs found
From FAIR to RHIC, hyper clusters and an effective strange EoS for QCD
Two major aspects of strange particle physics at the upcoming FAIR and NICA
facilities and the RHIC low energy scan will be discussed. A new distinct
production mechanism for hypernuclei will be presented, namely the production
abundances for hypernuclei from 's absorbed in the spectator matter in
peripheral heavy ion collisions. As strangeness is not uniformly distributed in
the fireball of a heavy ion collision, the properties of the equation of state
therefore depend on the local strangeness fraction. The same, inside neutron
stars strangeness is not conserved and lattice studies on the properties of
finite density QCD usually rely on an expansion of thermodynamic quantities at
zero strange chemical potential, hence at non-zero strange-densities. We will
therefore discuss recent investigations on the EoS of strange-QCD and present
results from an effective EoS of QCD that includes the correct asymptotic
degrees of freedom and a deconfinement and chiral phase transition.Comment: Talk given at the international conference on Strangeness in Quark
Matter 2011 in Krako
Production of eta Mesons in Double Pomeron Exchange
We estimate the production cross sections for and mesons
via pomeron-pomeron fusion in peripheral heavy-ion collisions. Total and
elastic PP cross sections are calculated in an equivalent pomeron
approximation.Comment: 9 pages, 3 Postscript figure
Restoring betatron phase coherence in a beam-loaded laser-wakefield accelerator
Matched beam loading in laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), characterizing
the state of flattening of the acceleration electric field along the bunch,
leads to the minimization of energy spread at high bunch charges. Here, we
demonstrate by independently controlling injected charge and acceleration
gradients, using the self-truncated ionization injection scheme, that minimal
energy spread coincides with a reduction of the normalized beam divergence.
With the simultaneous confirmation of a constant beam radius at the plasma
exit, deduced from betatron radiation spectroscopy, we attribute this effect to
the reduction of chromatic betatron decoherence. Thus, beam loaded LWFA enables
highest longitudinal and transverse phase space densities
Note on SLE and logarithmic CFT
It is discussed how stochastic evolutions may be linked to logarithmic
conformal field theory. This introduces an extension of the stochastic Loewner
evolutions. Based on the existence of a logarithmic null vector in an
indecomposable highest-weight module of the Virasoro algebra, the
representation theory of the logarithmic conformal field theory is related to
entities conserved in mean under the stochastic process.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX, v2: version to be publishe
Lipopeptides as dimerization inhibitors of HIV-1 protease
In AIDS therapy, attempts have been made to inhibit the virus-encoded enzymes, e.g, HIV-1 protease, using active site-directed inhibitors. This approach is questionable, however, due to virus mutations and the high toxicity of the drugs, An alternative method to inhibit the dimeric HIV protease is the targeting of the interface region of the protease subunits in order to prevent subunit dimerization and enzyme activity, This approach should be less prone to inactivation by mutation, A list of improved 'dimerization inhibitors' of HIV-1 protease is presented. The main structural features are a short `interface' peptide segment, including non-natural amino acids, and an aliphatic N-terminal blocking group. The high inhibitory power of some of the lipopeptides {[}e.g, palmitoyl-Tyr-Glu-Leu-OH, palmitoyl-Tyr-Glu-(L-thyronine)-OH, palmitoyl-Tyr-Glu-(L-biphenyl-alanine)-OH] with low nanomolar K-i values in the enzyme test suggests that mimetics with good bio-availability can be derived for AIDS therapy
Twist operator correlation functions in O(n) loop models
Using conformal field theoretic methods we calculate correlation functions of
geometric observables in the loop representation of the O(n) model at the
critical point. We focus on correlation functions containing twist operators,
combining these with anchored loops, boundaries with SLE processes and with
double SLE processes.
We focus further upon n=0, representing self-avoiding loops, which
corresponds to a logarithmic conformal field theory (LCFT) with c=0. In this
limit the twist operator plays the role of a zero weight indicator operator,
which we verify by comparison with known examples. Using the additional
conditions imposed by the twist operator null-states, we derive a new explicit
result for the probabilities that an SLE_{8/3} wind in various ways about two
points in the upper half plane, e.g. that the SLE passes to the left of both
points.
The collection of c=0 logarithmic CFT operators that we use deriving the
winding probabilities is novel, highlighting a potential incompatibility caused
by the presence of two distinct logarithmic partners to the stress tensor
within the theory. We provide evidence that both partners do appear in the
theory, one in the bulk and one on the boundary and that the incompatibility is
resolved by restrictive bulk-boundary fusion rules.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure
Efficient Predicate Invention using Shared NeMuS
Amao is a cognitive agent framework that tacklesthe invention of predicates with a different strat-egy as compared to recent advances in InductiveLogic Programming (ILP) approaches like Meta-Intepretive Learning (MIL) technique. It uses aNeural Multi-Space (NeMuS) graph structure toanti-unify atoms from the Herbrand base, whichpasses in the inductive momentum check. Induc-tive Clause Learning (ICL), as it is called, is ex-tended here by using the weights of logical compo-nents, already present in NeMuS, to support induc-tive learning by expanding clause candidates withanti-unified atoms. An efficient invention mecha-nism is achieved, including the learning of recur-sive hypotheses, while restricting the shape of thehypothesis by adding bias definitions or idiosyn-crasies of the language
The cosmic growth of the active black hole population at 1<z<2 in zCOSMOS, VVDS and SDSS
We present a census of the active black hole population at 1<z<2, by
constructing the bivariate distribution function of black hole mass and
Eddington ratio, employing a maximum likelihood fitting technique. The study of
the active black hole mass function (BHMF) and the Eddington ratio distribution
function (ERDF) allows us to clearly disentangle the active galactic nuclei
(AGN) downsizing phenomenon, present in the AGN luminosity function, into its
physical processes of black hole mass downsizing and accretion rate evolution.
We are utilizing type-1 AGN samples from three optical surveys (VVDS, zCOSMOS
and SDSS), that cover a wide range of 3 dex in luminosity over our redshift
interval of interest. We investigate the cosmic evolution of the AGN population
as a function of AGN luminosity, black hole mass and accretion rate. Compared
to z = 0, we find a distinct change in the shape of the BHMF and the ERDF,
consistent with downsizing in black hole mass. The active fraction or duty
cycle of type-1 AGN at z~1.5 is almost flat as a function of black hole mass,
while it shows a strong decrease with increasing mass at z=0. We are witnessing
a phase of intense black hole growth, which is largely driven by the onset of
AGN activity in massive black holes towards z=2. We finally compare our results
to numerical simulations and semi-empirical models and while we find reasonable
agreement over certain parameter ranges, we highlight the need to refine these
models in order to match our observations.Comment: 31 pages, 28 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Critical curves in conformally invariant statistical systems
We consider critical curves -- conformally invariant curves that appear at
critical points of two-dimensional statistical mechanical systems. We show how
to describe these curves in terms of the Coulomb gas formalism of conformal
field theory (CFT). We also provide links between this description and the
stochastic (Schramm-) Loewner evolution (SLE). The connection appears in the
long-time limit of stochastic evolution of various SLE observables related to
CFT primary fields. We show how the multifractal spectrum of harmonic measure
and other fractal characteristics of critical curves can be obtained.Comment: Published versio
The solar maximum satellite capture cell: Impact features and orbital debris and micrometeoritic projectile materials
The physical properties of impact features observed in the Solar Max main electronics box (MEB) thermal blanket generally suggest an origin by hypervelocity impact. The chemistry of micrometeorite material suggests that a wide variety of projectile materials have survived impact with retention of varying degrees of pristinity. Impact features that contain only spacecraft paint particles are on average smaller than impact features caused by micrometeorite impacts. In case both types of materials co-occur, it is belevied that the impact feature, generally a penetration hole, was caused by a micrometeorite projectile. The typically smaller paint particles were able to penetrate though the hole in the first layer and deposit in the spray pattern on the second layer. It is suggested that paint particles have arrived with a wide range of velocities relative to the Solar Max satellite. Orbiting paint particles are an important fraction of materials in the near-Earth environment. In general, the data from the Solar Max studies are a good calibration for the design of capture cells to be flown in space and on board Space Station. The data also suggest that development of multiple layer capture cells in which the projectile may retain a large degree of pristinity is a feasible goal
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