Curvatura Da Superfície E Seu Efeito Na Variabilidade Espacial Dos Atributos Do Solo, Pinheiral - Rj/br

Understanding the spatial variability of soil chemical and physical attributes is important for improving management practices and soil conservation. In turn, the spatial variability of soil properties results from variation in morphological relief characteristics. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of landform curvature on the spatial variability of soil chemical and physical attributes in the Mar de Morros region (Pinheiral-Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil). Two adjacent landforms were selected with convex and concave curvature and sampled in a regularly spaced grid of 10 meters. A total of 56 soil samples (0-5 cm depth) from the two landforms were collected and analyzed for physical and chemical attributes. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and geostatistics. All chemical attributes showed random patterns of spatial variability in both landforms. The concave landform had higher values of pH and potassium and lower values of aluminum than the convex landform. In contrast, silt content showed spatial dependence in both the concave and convex landforms. Bulk density and clay showed spatial dependence in the convex landform. Bulk density and silt content increased from the shoulder to the footslope of both landforms. The results show that, for this study area, landform curvature has more influence on the spatial dependence of soil physical attributes than of soil chemical properties. © 2016, Federal University of Lavras. All rights reserved.22443143

Description Of Rhodnius Marabaensis Sp. N. (hemiptera, Reduviidade, Triatominae) From Pará State, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Rhodnius marabaensis sp. n. was collected on 12 May 2014 in the Murumurú Environmental Reserve in the city of Marabá, Pará State, Brazil. This study was based on previous consultation of morphological descriptions of 19 Rhodnius species and compared to the identification key for the genus Rhodnius. The examination included specimens from 18 Rhodnius species held in the Brazilian National and International Triatomine Taxonomy Reference Laboratory in the Oswaldo Cruz Institute in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The morphological characteristics of the head, thorax, abdomen, genitalia, and eggs have been determined. Rhodnius prolixus and R. robustus were examined in more detail because the BLAST analysis of a cyt-b sequence shows they are closely related to the new species, which also occurs in the northern region of Brazil. The most notable morphological features that distinguish R. marabaensis sp. n. are the keel-shaped apex of the head, the length of the second segment of the antennae, the shapes of the prosternum, mesosternum and metasternum, the set of spots on the abdomen, the male genitalia, the posterior and ventral surfaces of the external female genitalia, and the morphological characteristics of the eggs. Rhodnius jacundaensis Serra, Serra and Von Atzingen (1980) nomen nudum specimens deposited at the Maraba Cultural Center Foundation - MCCF were examined and considered as a synonym of R. marabaensis sp. n. © Eder dos Santos Souza et al.201662145622010/15386-3, FAPESP, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo23038-005285/2011-2012, CAPES, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorCNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Scaling property of the critical hopping parameters for the Bose-Hubbard model

Recently precise results for the boundary between the Mott insulator phase and the superfluid phase of the homogeneous Bose-Hubbard model have become available for arbitrary integer filling factor g and any lattice dimension d > 1. We use these data for demonstrating that the critical hopping parameters obey a scaling relationship which allows one to map results for different g onto each other. Unexpectedly, the mean-field result captures the dependence of the exact critical parameters on the filling factor almost fully. We also present an approximation formula which describes the critical parameters for d > 1 and any g with high accuracy.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures. to appear in EPJ

Influence Of Post-thickness And Material On The Fracture Strength Of Teeth With Reduced Coronal Structure

Purpose: To evaluate the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth with reduced coronal structure reinforced with glass-fiber posts and cast posts and core (nickel-chromium alloy) with different thickness. Materials and Methods: Forty maxillary central incisors were sectioned at 1 mm of the cementoenamel junction and endodontically treated. The teeth were divided into four groups (n = 10) and restored with cast post and core and glass-fiber posts with diameters of 1.5 mm and 1.1 mm. The fracture strength was evaluated using a Universal Testing Machine (Instron 1144) at 45° of angulation. The results were submitted to analysis of variance two-way and Tukey′s test ( P < 0.05). The failure mode was also evaluated. Results: Cast post and core were statistically superior to the glass-fiber posts with the self-post diameter ( P = 0.001). When the self-post material was considered, no significant difference was observed between the two post-diameters ( P = 0.749). The glass-fiber post-groups presented more fractures in the cervical third than the cast post and core groups. Conclusion: Teeth restored with cast post and cores present higher fracture strength than those reinforced with glass-fiber posts. An increased post-thickness does not increase the fracture strength. Glass-fiber posts lead to less severe fractures.162139143Clavijo, V.G., Reis, J.M., Kabbach, W., Silva, A.L., Oliveira Junior, O.B., Andrade, M.F., Fracture strength of flared bovine roots restored with different intraradicular posts (2009) J Appl Oral Sci, 17, pp. 574-578Juloski, J., Radovic, I., Goracci, C., Vulicevic, Z.R., Ferrari, M., Ferrule effect: A literature review (2012) J Endod, 38, pp. 11-19De Oliveira, J.A., Pereira, J.R., Lins Do Valle, A., Zogheib, L.V., Fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with different heights of crown ferrule restored with prefabricated carbon fiber post and composite resin core by intermittent loading (2008) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 106, pp. e52-e57Bergman, B., Lundquist, P., Sjögren, U., Sundquist, G., Restorative and endodontic results after treatment with cast posts and cores (1989) J Prosthet Dent, 61, pp. 10-15Sidoli, G.E., King, P.A., Setchell, D.J., An in vitro evaluation of a carbon fiber-based post and core system (1997) J Prosthet Dent, 78, pp. 5-9Stockton, L.W., Williams, P.T., Retention and shear bond strength of two post systems (1999) Oper Dent, 24, pp. 210-216Fernandes, A.S., Shetty, S., Coutinho, I., Factors determining post selection: A literature review (2003) Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 90 (6), pp. 556-562. , DOI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2003.09.006Pereira, J.R., Neto, T.D.M., Porto, V.D.C., Pegoraro, L.F., Do Valle, A.L., Influence of the remaining coronal structure on the resistance of teeth with intraradicular retainer (2005) Brazilian Dental Journal, 16 (3), pp. 197-201. , http://www.scielo.br/pdf/bdj/v16n3/v16n3a05.pdf, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2004.02196.xMa, T., Lommel, T.J., Gerstein, H., A study of mandibular and maxillary root widths to determine dowel size (1979) J Endod, 5, pp. 79-82Kivanç, B.H., Alaçam, T., Ulusoy, O.I., Genç, O., Görgül, G., Fracture resistance of thin-walled roots restored with different post systems (2009) Int Endod J, 42, pp. 997-1003Du, J.K., Lin, W.K., Wang, C.H., Lee, H.E., Li, H.Y., Wu, J.H., FEM analysis of the mandibular first premolar with different post diameters (2011) Odontology, 99, pp. 148-154Akkayan, B., Gulmez, T., Resistance to fracture of endodontically treated teeth restored with different post systems (2002) Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 87 (4), pp. 431-437. , DOI 10.1067/mpr.2002.123227Al-Wahadni, A.M., Hamdan, S., Al-Omiri, M., Hammad, M.M., Hatamleh, M.M., Fracture resistance of teeth restored with different post systems. in vitro study (2008) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 106, pp. e77-e83Bonfante, G., Kaizer, O.B., Pegoraro, L.F., Do Valle, A.L., Fracture strength of teeth with flared root canals restored with glass fibre posts (2007) Int Dent J, 57, pp. 153-160Hegde, J., Ramakrishna, Bashetty K, Srirekha, Lekha, Champa. An in vitro evaluation of fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth with simulated flared root canals restored with different post and core systems (2012) J Conserv Dent, 15, pp. 223-227Yoldas, O., Akova, T., Uysal, H., An experimental analysis of stresses in simulated flared root canals subjected to various post-core applications (2005) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 32 (6), pp. 427-432. , DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01440.xMaccari, P.C., Cosme, D.C., Oshima, H.M., Burnett Jr., L.H., Shinkai, R.S., Fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth with flared root canals and restored with different post systems (2007) J Esthet Restor Dent, 19, pp. 30-36Ferrario, V.F., Sforza, C., Serrao, G., Dellavia, C., Tartaglia, G.M., Single tooth bite forces in healthy young adults (2004) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 31 (1), pp. 18-22Tjan, A.H., Whang, S.B., Resistance to root fracture of dowel channels with various thicknesses of buccal dentin walls (1985) J Prosthet Dent, 53, pp. 496-500Sorensen, J.A., Engelman, M.J., Effect of post adaptation on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth (1990) J Prosthet Dent, 64, pp. 419-424Al-Omiri, M.K., Mahmoud, A.A., Rayyan, M.R., Abu-Hammad, O., Fracture resistance of teeth restored with post-retained restorations: An overview (2010) J Endod, 36, pp. 1439-1449Assif, D., Gorfil, C., Biomechanical considerations in restoring endodontically treated teeth (1994) J Prosthet Dent, 71, pp. 565-567Pereira, J.R., De Ornelas, F., Rodrigues Conti, P.C., Lins Do Valle, A., Effect of a crown ferrule on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with prefabricated posts (2006) Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 95 (1), pp. 50-54. , DOI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2005.10.019, PII S0022391305005780De Castro Albuquerque, R., De Abreu Polleto, L.T., Fontana, R.H.B.T.S., Cimini Jr., C.A., Stress analysis of an upper central incisor restored with different posts (2003) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 30 (9), pp. 936-943. , DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2842.2003.01154.xLanza, A., Aversa, R., Rengo, S., Apicella, D., Apicella, A., 3D FEA of cemented steel, glass and carbon posts in a maxillary incisor (2005) Dental Materials, 21 (8), pp. 709-715. , DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2004.09.010, PII S010956410500037

Impacts of climate change on the potential distribution of epiphytic cacti in the Caatinga biome, Brazil

Abstract The Caatinga biome is the largest dry tropical forest region in South America as well as one of the most vulnerable regions in the world to the climate changes forecast for this century. Climate forecasts for the biome include increased air temperature, reduced rainfall and aridization. This biome does not have a homogeneous landscape; instead it has several rainforest enclaves. This article describes a study to model the potential distribution of four epiphytic cactus species (Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw., Rhipsalis floccosa Salm-Dyck ex Pfeiff., Rhipsalis lindbergiana K. Schum and Rhipsalis russellii Britton & Rose.) in the biome under future climate scenarios and traces out a prognosis for the enclaves and the biome. For that purpose, we used the MaxEnt modeling method, considering two future time intervals (2041-2060 and 2061-2080) and the interval 1961-1990 for the current situation, with the RCP4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The projections for future potential distribution showed a spatial contractions greater than 88% found in the areas of high potential presence for the target species throughout the biome and in all the scenarios. The results strengthen the expectation of aridization in the Caatinga biome, with the loss or shrinkage of rainforest enclaves as time progresses

Necrotizing soft tissue infections - a multicentre, prospective observational study (INFECT) : Protocol and statistical analysis plan

Background: The INFECT project aims to advance our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms in necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs). The INFECT observational study is part of the INFECT project with the aim of studying the clinical profile of patients with NSTIs and correlating these to patient-important outcomes. With this protocol and statistical analysis plan we describe the methods used to obtain data and the details of the planned analyses. Methods: The INFECT study is a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study. Patients with NSTIs are enrolled in five Scandinavian hospitals, which are all referral centres for NSTIs. The primary outcomes are the descriptive variables of the patients. Secondary outcomes include identification of factors associated with 90-day mortality and amputation; associations between affected body part, maximum skin defect and Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) score and 90-day mortality; 90-day mortality in patients with and without acute kidney injury (AKI) and LRINEC score of six and above or below six; and association between affected body part at arrival and microbiological findings. Exploratory outcomes include univariate analyses of baseline characteristics associations with 90-day mortality. The statistical analyses will be conducted in accordance with the predefined statistical analysis plan. Conclusion: Necrotizing soft tissue infections result in severe morbidity and mortality. The INFECT study will be the largest prospective study in patients with NSTIs to date and will provide important data for clinicians, researchers and policy makers on the characteristics and outcomes of these patients.</p

Non-destructive, dynamic detectors for Bose-Einstein condensates

We propose and analyze a series of non-destructive, dynamic detectors for Bose-Einstein condensates based on photo-detectors operating at the shot noise limit. These detectors are compatible with real time feedback to the condensate. The signal to noise ratio of different detection schemes are compared subject to the constraint of minimal heating due to photon absorption and spontaneous emission. This constraint leads to different optimal operating points for interference-based schemes. We find the somewhat counter-intuitive result that without the presence of a cavity, interferometry causes as much destruction as absorption for optically thin clouds. For optically thick clouds, cavity-free interferometry is superior to absorption, but it still cannot be made arbitrarily non-destructive . We propose a cavity-based measurement of atomic density which can in principle be made arbitrarily non-destructive for a given signal to noise ratio

Interesting magnetic properties of Fe1−x_{1-x}Cox_xSi alloys

Solid solution between nonmagnetic narrow gap semiconductor FeSi and diamagnetic semi-metal CoSi gives rise to interesting metallic alloys with long-range helical magnetic ordering, for a wide range of intermediate concentration. We report various interesting magnetic properties of these alloys, including low temperature re-entrant spin-glass like behaviour and a novel inverted magnetic hysteresis loop. Role of Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interaction in the magnetic response of these non-centrosymmetric alloys is discussed.Comment: 11 pages and 3 figure

Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice treated with aqueous ethanol plant extract from Euphorbia tirucalli showed signs of systemic toxicity

Purpose: To evaluate the antitumor effect of a latex extract from Euphorbia tirucalli Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) and its toxicity.Methods: Aqueous ethanol and petroleum ether extracts were obtained through maceration. .Maximum tolerated dose was determined in healthy mice. Antitumor activity was measured in Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice treated with the extract through intraperitoneal injection (62.5, 125 or 250 mg/kg) every 48 h (four doses). Efficacy was assessed by weight gain, abdominal circumference, volume of ascitic fluid and packed tumor cells, tumor cell viability and survival. Toxicity indicators were serum glucose, triglycerides, total proteins, activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and mass of heart, spleen, kidney and liver. A hemolysis assay was also performed.Results: Doses of 62.5 and 125 mg/kg caused no antitumor activity, while 250 mg/kg dose reduced weight gain (3-fold), abdominal circumference and volume of ascitic fluid (&gt; 50 %) and packed cells (50 %), but lowered tumor cell viability (40 %). However, mice treated with the extract survived for a shorter time than control mice. Furthermore, the 250 mg/kg dose caused cardiac atrophy, splenomegaly and fasting hyperglycemia. The extract caused hemolysis, and the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) was 1.6 (0.9 – 2.7) mg/mL.Conclusion: Euphorbia tirucalli extract inhibits Ehrlich ascites tumor in mice, but the therapeutic dose is also harmful to non-tumor tissues.Keywords: Euphorbia tirucalli, Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice, Antitumor, Toxicity, Cardiac atrophy, Splenomegal