Propriedades Psicométricas do Instrumento Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) entre Universitários do Brasil

Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de las conductas de riesgo para la salud (CRS) y la necesidad de instrumentos confiables para evaluarlas, este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de los ítems de la Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) en una muestra de 902 estudiantes universitarios. Se evaluaron la validez convergente, el criterio, la consistencia interna y la estabilidad temporal. Se observaron correlaciones más altas para: uso de otras drogas y uso de marihuana (ρ = 0.537), consumo de alcohol y uso de tabaco (ρ = 0.418). Se verificó la validez del criterio, con diferencias significativas entre las puntuaciones de dominio según el género. Consistencia interna adecuada, alfa de Cronbach = 0.770 para la escala general. La mayoría de los dominios (82%) presentó un coeficiente de correlación intraclase ≥ 0.75 y el 64.1% de los ítems presentaron kappa ≥ 0.60. El instrumento parece presentar indicadores de validez de criterio, consistencia interna y estabilidad temporal con niveles satisfactorios. Se recomienda que la evaluación de CRS a través de YRBS sea realizada por dominios por separado.Considerando-se a importância dos comportamentos de risco à saúde (CRS) e a necessidade de instrumentos confiáveis para avaliá-los, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades psicométricas dos itens do Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) em uma amostra de 902 universitários. Foram avaliadas validade convergente, critério, consistência interna e estabilidade temporal. Observaramse maiores correlações: uso de outras drogas e uso de maconha (ρ = 0,537), consumo de bebida alcóolica e uso de tabaco (ρ = 0,418). Constatou-se validade de critério, com diferenças significativas entre escores dos domínios segundo o sexo. Consistência interna adequada, alfa de Cronbach = 0,770 para escala geral. A maioria dos domínios (82%) apresentou coeficiente de correlação intraclasse ≥ 0,75 e 64,1% dos itens apresentaram kappa ≥ 0,60. O instrumento parece apresentar indicadores de validade de critério, consistência interna e estabilidade temporal com níveis satisfatórios. Recomenda-se que avaliação dos CRS, por meio do YRBS, seja realizada por domínios separadamente.Considering the importance of health risk behaviors (HRB) and the need for reliable instruments to evaluate them, this study was designed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the items of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) in a sample of 902 college students. Convergent validity, criterion, internal consistency, and temporal stability were evaluated. Higher correlations were observed between use of other drugs and use of marijuana (ρ = 0.537), and alcohol consumption and tobacco use (ρ = 0.418). Criterion validity was observed, with significant differences between domain scores according to gender. Adequate internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha = 0.770 for overall scale. Most of the domains (82%) showed intraclass correlation coefficient ≥ 0.75 and 64.1% of the items showed kappa ≥ 0.60. The instrument seems to have indicators of criterion validity, internal consistency and temporal stability with satisfactory levels. We recommend that HRB assessment using YRBS should be performed separately on each domain

Trabalho docente e precarização: a (des) valorização do trabalho docente nas políticas brasileiras, através das orientações dos organismos multilaterais

This work aims to identify, from a Marxist perspective, the influence of the guidelines of the World Bank and multilateral agencies, in the direction of the Brazilian educational policy of (de)valuation of teaching work in education. This research is a bibliographical and documentary research, based on the writings of Marx (2017), Leher (2019), and Mendes Segundo (2005). Documents released by the World Bank and Unesco will be analyzed for documental analysis: Priorities and strategies for education (1996); World Bank Examination (1996); What matters most in teacher policies (2012); and the New Delhi Declaration on Education for All (1993). We conclude that several Brazilian educational policies have been modified, reflecting the prescriptions of multilateral organizations, the World Bank's recipe totally adverse to the possibilities of teacher appreciation claimed by education workers, both in social and financial aspects, imposing a model of organized teaching work from the demands of capital.Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar, sob a perspectiva marxista, a influência das orientações do Banco Mundial e das agências multilaterais, no rumo da política educacional brasileira de (des) valorização do trabalho docente na educação. Esta pesquisa trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a partir dos escritos de Marx (2017), Leher (2019), e Mendes Segundo (2005). Para análise documental serão analisados documentos lançados pelo Banco Mundial e Unesco: Prioridades y estratégias para la educación (1996); Examen del Banco Mundial (1996); What matters most in teacher policies (2012); e a Declaração de Nova Delhi sobre Educação para todos (1993). Concluímos, que várias políticas educacionais brasileiras têm sido modificadas, refletindo as prescrições dos organismos multilaterais, o receituário do Banco Mundial totalmente adverso as possibilidades de valorização docente reivindicada pelos trabalhadores da educação, tanto em aspectos sociais como financeiros, impondo um modelo de trabalho docente organizado a partir das demandas do capital

How leader nurse communicates in a hospital: an analysis of discursive practices

Objective: To understand how nurses realize the communication in the exercise of leadership. Method: Qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Were interviewed 13 clinical nurses from a hospital. Data collection occurred through interview, using semi-structured roadmap. To organize and analyze the data, we used the theoretical-methodological framework of the analysis of discursive practices. The study received a favorable opinion by the ethics and Research Committee (Opinion nº 476.254). Results: The use of communication in the nurse’s leadership is important in driving the team, but presented a one-way perspective, keeping the leader/ subordinate relationship. Conclusion: The communication is configured predominantly as a hierarchical process, unidirectional, little open to dialog and focused on to order maintenance in the hospital, reproducing the assumptions of classical management and guided by the technical and social division of the profession

Paraneoplastic necrotizing myopathy in a woman with breast cancer: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Paraneoplastic necrotizing myopathy is a rare disorder, described as a proximal, symmetrical, and rapidly progressing myopathy that is manifested as a paraneoplastic syndrome. Diagnosis is established via histological examination of the muscle biopsy.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We present the case of a 53-year-old woman, born in Guinea-Bissau, with a history of locally advanced breast cancer, diagnosed ten months previously. The patient had experienced a progressively proximal muscle weakness of the lower extremities, which led to a total inability to walk. Upon neurological examination, the patient showed muscle weakness and atrophy in both proximal lower extremities without myalgia. Muscle strength was graded according to the Medical Research Council Scale as 2 out of 5 in the bilateral iliopsoas muscle, and 4 out of 5 in the bilateral quadriceps femoris. The deep-tendon reflexes were hypoactive. The laboratory examination showed increased values of serum creatinine kinase and myoglobin. An electromyogram showed an incomplete interference pattern during voluntary contraction in the iliopsoas and quadriceps femoris. The motor nerve conduction was 44.1 m/s and 44.3 m/s in the right and left tibial nerves, respectively, and 46.5 m/s and 46.1 m/s in the right and left peroneal nerves, respectively. The sensory motor nerve conductions and the compound motor action potential amplitudes were normal. These findings, despite not being specific, suggested a myopathy. Consequently, a muscle biopsy was performed. A biopsy specimen showed myopathic changes that were characteristic of a necrotizing myopathy.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Treatment for this syndrome consists of controlling the tumor, and providing corticoid therapy. This led to the partial remission of the neurological manifestations.</p

BOTHROPS JARARACUSSU: A NEW RECORD FOR THE MUNICIPALITY OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

Bothrops jararacussu is a terrestrial snake, predominantly nocturnal, and mainly found in forested areas. Our objective was to provide the first record of B.jararacussu for the municipality of São Paulo, in the highland of Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar (PESM), Núcleo Curucutu. The register ocurred through monthly samplings in the Núcleo Curucutu, during one year. The specimen was found in a transitional area of Atlantic upper montane forest and Pinus sp. reforestation. It represents a new altitude record (>800m) in a well-preserved area, reiterating the importance of this park for the maintenance of biodiversity in this municipality and evinces the region potential to house rare species in São Paulo highland

Pharmacobotanical study of Psychotria carthagenensis Jacq. (Rubiaceae), a species known as toxic and medicinal

Psychotria carthagenensis (Rubiaceae), popularly known as “erva-de-rato”, is known as poisonous, and its leaves are used as a constituent of “ayahuasca”. An anatomical study of its leaves was carried out to define parameters to support its taxonomy and quality control of ethnodrugs. Transverse and paradermic sections of petioles and leaf blades were made following the usual techniques of botanical anatomy. All semi-permanent laminas were then analyzed and photographed by light microscopy. Leaf blades were also studied with the support of the scanning electron microscope. Psychotria carthagenensis has hypostomatic epidermis, 1-2-stratified, in cross section, with three types of stomata (paracytic, anisocytic and anomocytic), and predominantly straight anticlinal cell walls, in frontal view, and glandular-peltate trichomes on both surfaces, the cuticle is smooth and thickened. The leaf edges are acute, mesophyll dorsiventral with the palisade parenchyma 1-seriate, and spongy parenchyma 4-seriate. The midrib is flat-convex with 4 bundles; petiole is semicircular with lateral projections with 9 vascular bundles. Midrib and petiole have collateral vascular system. Anisocytic and anomocytic stomata, glandular-peltate trichomes, petiole with the central bundle invaginate at the end, the syntopism of epicuticular waxes are distinctive parameters for P. carthagenensis, which support the standardization of its leaves used as medicines, in addition to contributing to the systematic of the Psychotria genus.

As habilidades sociais dos personagens da Turma da Mônica

This descriptive study aimed to identify the frequency of socially competent interactions and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems among the characters from Monica’s Gang (Monica, Maggy and Smudge) stories published from January to August 2020. The results indicate that socially competent behaviors were more common than externalizing behavior problems. Moreover, classes and subclasses of characters’ social skills were identified throughout the stories. These findings show that the characters of the comic book can be considered socially competent, serving as both behavioral models and as a psychoeducational resource.Este artículo es un estudio descriptivo, con el objetivo de identificar con qué frecuencia aparecen las interacciones socialmente competentes en las historias de los personajes de Mónica y sus Amigos (Mónica, Magáli y Cascarón), así como los problemas conductuales internalizantes y externalizantes. Se utilizaron los cómics publicados en el periodo de enero a agosto de 2020. Los resultados mostraron que los problemas de conducta externalizantes están presentes, pero son menos frecuentes que los comportamientos socialmente competentes. Las habilidades sociales están representadas en todas las clases y subclases entre los personajes a lo largo de las historias. Se concluyó que los personajes investigados pueden ser considerados socialmente competentes, sirviendo de modelo y recurso psicoeducativo para los niños.O presente artigo é um estudo de caráter descritivo que teve por objetivo identificar com que frequência as interações socialmente competentes dos personagens da Turma da Mônica (Mônica, Magali e Cascão) aparecem nas histórias, bem como os problemas de comportamento internalizantes e externalizantes. Foram utilizadas revistas em quadrinhos publicadas no período de janeiro a agosto de 2020. Os resultados mostraram que, apesar de os problemas de comportamento externalizantes estarem presentes, estes ocorrem em menor frequência do que os comportamentos socialmente competentes. As habilidades sociais foram identificadas em suas classes e subclasses para os personagens ao longo das histórias. Conclui-se que os personagens podem ser considerados socialmente competentes, podendo servir de modelos comportamentais e como recurso psicoeducativo