2,422 research outputs found
Perilaku Bullying Pada Remaja Panti Asuhan Ditinjau Dari Kelekatan Dengan Teman Sebaya Dan Harga Diri
The purpose of this research was to identify and explains the bullying behavior among adolescent, especially in the orphanage. The research was also to investigate the effect of peer attachment and self-esteem on orphanage adolescent of bullying behavior. This research involved about 270 adolescent (13-18 years old, M=15,40 years old, S.D.=1,275) which stayed in 14 orphanages in the Malang city. The collection of data was using the instruments of the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument (APRI). The results of this research show us that peer attachment and self-esteem is take effect very significant on orphanage adolescent of bullying behavior
Aberration of the Cosmic Microwave Background
The motion of the solar system barycenter with respect to the cosmic
microwave background (CMB) induces a very large apparent dipole component into
the CMB brightness map at the 3 mK level. In this Letter we discuss another
kinematic effect of our motion through the CMB: the small shift in apparent
angular positions due to the aberration of light. The aberration angles are
only of order beta ~0.001, but this leads to a potentially measurable
compression (expansion) of the spatial scale in the hemisphere toward (away
from) our motion through the CMB. In turn, this will shift the peaks in the
acoustic power spectrum of the CMB by a factor of order 1 +/- beta. For current
CMB missions, and even those in the foreseeable future, this effect is small,
but should be taken into account. In principle, if the acoustic peak locations
were not limited by sampling noise (i.e., the cosmic variance), this effect
could be used to determine the cosmic contribution to the dipole term.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure, comments welcome. Submitted to ApJ Letter
Test particle propagation in magnetostatic turbulence. 1. Failure of the diffusion approximation
The equation which governs the quasi-linear approximation to the ensemble and gyro-phase averaged one-body probability distribution function is constructed from first principles. This derived equation is subjected to a thorough investigation in order to calculate the possible limitations of the quasi-linear approximation. It is shown that the reduction of this equation to a standard diffusion equation in the Markovian limit can be accomplished through the application of the adiabatic approximation. A numerical solution of the standard diffusion equation in the Markovian limit is obtained for the narrow parallel beam injection. Comparison of the diabatic and adiabatic results explicitly demonstrates the failure of the Markovian description of the probability distribution function. Through the use of a linear time-scale extension the failure of the adiabatic approximation, which leads to the Markovian limit, is shown to be due to mixing of the relaxation and interaction time scales in the presence of the strong mean field
Test particle propagation in magnetostatic turbulence. 3: The approach to equilibrium
The asymptotic behavior, for large time, of the quasi-linear diabatic solutions and their local approximations is considered. A time averaging procedure is introduced which yields the averages of these solutions over time intervals which contain only large time values. A discussion of the quasi-linear diabatic solutions which is limited to those solutions that are bounded from below as functions of time is given. It is shown that as the upper limit of the time averaging interval is allowed to approach infinity the time averaged quasi-linear diabatic solutions must approach isotropy (mu-independence). The first derivative with respect to mu of these solutions is also considered. This discussion is limited to first derivatives which are bounded functions of time. It is shown that as the upper limit of the time averaging interval is allowed to approach infinity, the time averaged first derivative must approach zero everywhere in mu except at mu = 0 where it must approach a large value which is calculated. The impact of this large derivative on the quasi-linear expansion scheme is discussed. An H-theorem for the first local approximation to the quasi-linear diabatic solutions is constructed. Without time averaging, the H-theorem is used to determine sufficient conditions for the first local approximate solutions to asymptote, with increasing time, to exactly the same final state which the time averaged quasi-linear diabatic solutions must approach as discussed above
Test particle propagation in magnetostatic turbulence. 2: The local approximation method
An approximation method for statistical mechanics is presented and applied to a class of problems which contains a test particle propagation problem. All of the available basic equations used in statistical mechanics are cast in the form of a single equation which is integrodifferential in time and which is then used as the starting point for the construction of the local approximation method. Simplification of the integrodifferential equation is achieved through approximation to the Laplace transform of its kernel. The approximation is valid near the origin in the Laplace space and is based on the assumption of small Laplace variable. No other small parameter is necessary for the construction of this approximation method. The n'th level of approximation is constructed formally, and the first five levels of approximation are calculated explicitly. It is shown that each level of approximation is governed by an inhomogeneous partial differential equation in time with time independent operator coefficients. The order in time of these partial differential equations is found to increase as n does. At n = 0 the most local first order partial differential equation which governs the Markovian limit is regained
Planck LFI flight model feed horns
this paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST:
http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst The Low Frequency
Instrument is optically interfaced with the ESA Planck telescope through 11
corrugated feed horns each connected to the Radiometer Chain Assembly (RCA).
This paper describes the design, the manufacturing and the testing of the
flight model feed horns. They have been designed to optimize the LFI optical
interfaces taking into account the tight mechanical requirements imposed by the
Planck focal plane layout. All the eleven units have been successfully tested
and integrated with the Ortho Mode transducers.Comment: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article
accepted for publication in JINST. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for
any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version
derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is available
online at 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T1200
The GRAAL high resolution BGO calorimeter and its energy calibration and monitoring system
We describe the electromagnetic calorimeter built for the GRAAL apparatus at
the ESRF. Its monitoring system is presented in detail. Results from tests and
the performance obtained during the first GRAAL experiments are given. The
energy calibration accuracy and stability reached is a small fraction of the
intrinsic detector resolution.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Method
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