Effectiveness of Endophytes Bacteria in Enhancing Floating Treatment Wetland to Treat Textile Wastewater

This research investigated the association of consortium endophyte bacteria from different hosts to enhance the performance of Vetiveria zizanioides in treating textile wastewater using Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs). The endophyte bacteria were isolated from the roots of three natural plants (Oryza sativa, Colocasia esculenta, and Alternanthera philoxeroides) contaminated by textile wastewater. The selected isolated endophyte bacteria were subjected to the four FTWs reactors containing the Vetiveria sp and ran for 30 days in a semi-batch system to evaluate their performance. FTWs reactors-augmented endophyte bacteria could reduce the COD, color, and heavy metals in textile wastewater. The highest removal efficiencies of COD (74%) and color (F4) were observed in FK2 (vegetated control) and F4 reactor, respectively. The addition of endophyte bacteria increased the heavy reductions of Pb (52%) and Cd (33%) in reactors of F3 and F4, respectively. This study exhibited that the consortium endophyte bacteria isolated from the contaminated plants could improve the FTWs reactor performance. Finally, they reduce the plant stresses in the contaminated wastewater by increasing the plant biomass in roots and shoots. These findings reveal that the consortium of natural endophyte bacteria from different hosts does not inhibit their function and association with the other host plant, but they contribute positive responses to plant growth and pollutant degradation

Notes for genera – Ascomycota

Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi, has developed rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques, over the past 10--15 years, and continues to accelerate. Several genera have been found to be polyphyletic, and their generic concepts have subsequently been emended. New names have thus been introduced for species which are phylogenetically distinct from the type species of particular genera. The ending of the separate naming of morphs of the same species in 2011, has also caused changes in fungal generic names. In order to facilitate access to all important changes, it was desirable to compile these in a single document. The present article provides a list of generic names of Ascomycota (approximately 6500 accepted names published to the end of 2016), including those which are lichen-forming. Notes and summaries of the changes since the last edition of `Ainsworth Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi' in 2008 are provided. The notes include the number of accepted species, classification, type species (with location of the type material), culture availability, life-styles, distribution, and selected publications that have appeared since 2008. This work is intended to provide the foundation for updating the ascomycete component of the ``Without prejudice list of generic names of Fungi'' published in 2013, which will be developed into a list of protected generic names. This will be subjected to the XIXth International Botanical Congress in Shenzhen in July 2017 agreeing to a modification in the rules relating to protected lists, and scrutiny by procedures determined by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF). The previously invalidly published generic names Barriopsis, Collophora (as Collophorina), Cryomyces, Dematiopleospora, Heterospora (as Heterosporicola), Lithophila, Palmomyces (as Palmaria) and Saxomyces are validated, as are two previously invalid family names, Bartaliniaceae and Wiesneriomycetaceae. Four species of Lalaria, which were invalidly published are transferred to Taphrina and validated as new combinations. Catenomycopsis Tibell Constant. is reduced under Chaenothecopsis Vain., while Dichomera Cooke is reduced under Botryosphaeria Ces. De Not. (Art. 59)