Coherence as ultrashort pulse train generator

Intense, well-controlled regular light pulse trains start to play a crucial role in many fields of physics. We theoretically demonstrate a very simple and robust technique for generating such periodic ultrashort pulses from a continuous probe wave which propagates in a dispersive thermal gas media

Cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy

Cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy combines broad spectral bandwidth, high spectral resolution, precise frequency calibration, and ultrahigh detection sensitivity, all in one experimental platform based on an optical frequency comb interacting with a high-finesse optical cavity. Precise control of the optical frequency comb allows highly efficient, coherent coupling of individual comb components with corresponding resonant modes of the high-finesse cavity. The long cavity lifetime dramatically enhances the effective interaction between the light field and intracavity matter, increasing the sensitivity for measurement of optical losses by a factor that is on the order of the cavity finesse. The use of low-dispersion mirrors permits almost the entire spectral bandwidth of the frequency comb to be employed for detection, covering a range of ~10% of the actual optical frequency. The light transmitted from the cavity is spectrally resolved to provide a multitude of detection channels with spectral resolutions ranging from a several gigahertz to hundreds of kilohertz. In this review we will discuss the principle of cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy and the various implementations of such systems. In particular, we discuss several types of UV, optical, and IR frequency comb sources and optical cavity designs that can be used for specific spectroscopic applications. We present several cavity-comb coupling methods to take advantage of the broad spectral bandwidth and narrow spectral components of a frequency comb. Finally, we present a series of experimental measurements on trace gas detections, human breath analysis, and characterization of cold molecular beams.Comment: 36 pages, 27 figure

Phase locking and periodic evolution of solitons in passively mode-locked fiber lasers with a semiconductor saturable absorber

Passively mode-locked lasers with intracavity weakly birefringent fiber are theoretically analyzed based on two coupled complex one-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau equations. The model includes fiber birefringence, spectral filtering, saturable gain, and saturable loss. Phase-locked soliton solutions are found for small amounts of birefringence and several types of soliton with periodic polarization evolution for higher amounts of birefringence. Numerical simulations show qualitative agreement with experimental results. © 1998 Optical Society of America.The research of J. M. Soto-Crespo was supported by Comunidad de Madrid contract 06T/039/96 and by Direcci´on Generale de Ense ˜ nanza Superior contract PB96-0819.Peer Reviewe

Observation of polarization-locked vector solitons in an optical fiber

Polarization-locked vector solitons (PLVS) were observed in an optical fiber lasers with well-controlled birefringence. Couple-nonlinear Schrodinger equations were used to describe the evolution of the polarization components along the axes of the fibers. The fiber laser allowed the monitoring of vector solitons in a transmission system.Peer Reviewe

Concurrent Passive Mode-Locked and Self- Q -Switched Operation in Laser Systems

5 pags., 4 figs.Concurrent passive mode-locked and self-Q-switched operation of laser devices is modeled using the complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation. Experimental observations use a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser with a waveguide array as a fast saturable absorber. The shape of each individual self-Q-switched pulse and the periodic trains of pairs of such pulses are in a good qualitative agreement with the numerical results.J. G. acknowledges funding from the Chinese Scholarship Council (201706120188). The work of J. M. S. C. is funded by Spanish MICINN Grant No. RTI2018-097957-B-C33, and Comunidad de Madrid Grant No. S2018/NMT-4326 SINFOTON2-C

Mode-locking Ultrafast Solid-state Lasers With Saturable Bragg Reflectors

We discuss mode-locking of low-gain solid-state lasers using a semiconductor saturable Bragg reflector structure. This recently developed low-loss mode-locking device consists of a single quantum well which acts as a saturable absorber incorporated into a high-reflectivity Bragg mirror. Highly stable mode-locking in solid-state lasers results from an ultrafast transient reflectivity in the device that is caused by saturation of the excitonic absorption in near-resonant conditions.23454464Asaki, M.T., Huang, C.P., Garvey, D., Zhou, J., Kapteyn, H.C., Murnane, M.M., Generation of 11 femtosecond pulses from a self mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser (1993) Opt. Lett., 18, pp. 977-979Keller, U., Knox, W.H., 'Thooft, G.W., Ultrafast solid-state mode-locked lasers using resonant nonlinearities (1992) IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 28, pp. 2123-2133Keller, U., Chiu, T.H., Ferguson, J.F., Self-starting and self-Q-switching dynamics of passively mode-locked Nd:YLF and Nd:YAG lasers (1993) Opt. Lett., 18, p. 217Hönninger, C., Kärtner, F.X., Zhang, G., Keller, U., Giesen, A., Passively mode-locked femtosecond Yb:YAG laser using semiconductor saturable absorbers Opt. Lett., , to be publishedConlon, P.J., Tong, Y.P., French, P.M.W., Taylor, J.R., Shestakov, A.V., Passive mode locking and dispersion measurement of a sub-100-fs Cr 4+:YAG laser (1994) Opt. Lett., 19, pp. 1468-1470Ishida, Y., Naganuma, K., Characteristics of femtosecond pulses near 1.5 μm in a self-mode-locked Cr 4+:YAG laser (1994) Opt. Lett, 19, pp. 2003-2005Collings, B.C., Stark, J.B., Tsuda, S., Knox, W.H., Cunningham, J.E., Jan, W.Y., Pathak, R., Bergman, K., Saturable Bragg Reflector self-starting passive modelocking of a Cr 4+:YAG laser pumped with a diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser (1996) Opt. Lett, 21, pp. 1171-1173Rizvi, N.H., French, P.M.W., Taylor, J.R., 50-fs pulse generation from a self-starting cw passively mode-locked Cr:LiSrAlF 6 laser (1992) Opt. Lett., 17, pp. 877-879Evans, J.M., Spence, D.E., Sibbett, W., Chai, B.H.T., Miller, A., 50-fs pulse generation from a self-mode-locked Cr:LiSrAlF 6 laser (1992) Opt. Lett, 15, pp. 1447-1449Dymott, M.J.P., Botheroyd, I.M., Hall, G.J., Lincoln, J.R., Ferguson, A.I., All-solid-state actively mode-locked Cr:LiSAF laser (1994) Opt. Lett., 19, pp. 634-636Kopf, D., Weingarten, K.J., Brovelli, L.R., Kamp, M., Keller, U., Diode-pumped 100-fs passively mode-locked Cr:LiSAF laser with an antiresonant Fabry-Perot saturable absorber (1994) Opt. Lett., 19, pp. 2143-02145Tsuda, S., Knox, W.H., De Souza, E.A., Jan, W.Y., Cunningham, J.E., Low loss intracavity AlAs/AlGaAs saturable Bragg reflector for femtosecond mode lockinng in solid-state lasers (1995) Opt. Lett., 20, pp. 1406-1408Yanovsky, V.P., Wise, F.W., Self-starting femtosecond diodepumped Cr:LiSGaF laser (1996) OSA TOPS Advanced Solid State Lasers, 1, p. 261Wa, P.L.K., Chai, B.H.T., Miller, A., Modelocked Cr 3+:LiSr 0.8Ca 0.2AlF 6 laser producing 150 fs pulses (1991) Electron. Lett., 27, pp. 2350-2351Sorokina, I.T., Sorokin, E., Wintner, E., Cassanho, A., Jenssen, H.P., Noginov, M.A., Efficient continuous-wave TEM 00 and femtosecond Kerr-lens mode-locked Cr:LiSrGaF laser (1996) Opt. Lett., 21, pp. 204-206Hanson, F., Bendall, C., Poirier, P., Gain measurements and average power capabilities of Cr 3+:LiSrAlF 6 (1993) Opt. Lett., 18, pp. 1423-1425Beaud, P., Richardson, M.C., Chen, Y.-F., Chai, B.H.T., Optical amplification characteristics of Cr:LiSAF and Cr:LiCAF under flashlamppumping (1994) IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 30, pp. 1259-1266Stalder, M., Bass, M., Chai, B.H.T., Thermal quenching of fluorescence in chromium-doped fluoride laser crystals (1992) J. Opt. Soc. Amer., B9, pp. 2271-2273Ippen, E.P., Haus, H.A., Liu, L.Y., Additive pulse mode locking (1989) J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, 6, p. 1736Rizvi, N.H., French, P.M.W., Taylor, J.R., Delfyett, P.J., Florez, L.T., Generation of pulses as short as 93 fs from self-starting femtosecond Cr:LiSrAlF 6 lasers by exploiting multiple-quantum well absorbers (1993) Opt. Lett., 18, pp. 983-985Keller, U., Miller, D.A.B., Boyd, G.D., Chiu, T.H., Ferguson, J.E., Asom, M.T., Solid-state los-loss intracavity saturable absorber for Nd:YLF lasers: An antiresonant semiconductor Fabry-Perot saturable absorber (1992) Opt. Lett., 17, p. 505Miller, D.A.B., Lasers tuners and wavelength-sensitive detectors based on absorbers in standing waves (1994) IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 30, pp. 732-749Feldmann, J., Sacher, J., Göbel, E., Mode locking using a type II multiple-quantum-well structure as a fast saturable absorber (1991) Opt. Lett., 16, pp. 241-243Keller, U., Knox, W.H., Roskos, H., Coupled-cavity resonant passive mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser (1990) Opt. Lett, 15, pp. 1377-1379Haus, H.A., Keller, U., Knox, W.H., A theory of coupled cavity modelocking with resonant nonlinearity (1991) J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, 8, pp. 1252-1258Jacobovitz-Veselka, G.R., Keller, U., Asom, M.T., Broadband fast semiconductor saturable absorber (1992) Opt. Lett, 17, pp. 1791-1793Dymmot, M.J.P., Ferguson, A.I., Self-mode-locked diode-pumped Cr:LiSAF laser producing 34-fs pulses at 42-mW average power (1995) Opt. Lett., 20, pp. 1157-1159Brovelli, L.R., Jung, I.D., Kopf, D., Kamp, M., Moser, M., Kärtner, F.X., Keller, U., Self-starting soliton modelocked Ti-sapphire laser using a thin semiconductor saturable absorber (1995) Electron. Lett., 31, pp. 287-288Koechner, W., (1996) Solid-State Laser Engineering, 4th Ed., pp. 78-79. , Berlin, Germany: Springer VerlagKnox, W.H., Fork, R.L., Downer, M.C., Miller, D.A.B., Chemla, D.S., Shank, C.V., Gossard, A.C., Weigmann, W., Femtosecond dynamics of resonantly excited excitons in room-temperature GaAs quantum wells (1985) Phys. Rev. Lett., 54, pp. 1306-1309Knox, W.H., Chemla, D.S., Miller, D.A.B., Stark, J.B., Schmitt-Rink, S., Femtosecond ac Stark effect in semiconductor quantum wells: Extreme low-and high-intensity limits (1989) Phys. Rev. Lett., 62, pp. 1189-119

Quantum-Optical Spectroscopy of Semiconductors

We analyze non-linear absorption spectra of semiconductor quantum wells and use a cluster-expansion transformation to project a large set of quantitative classical measurements onto the true quantum responses. Classical and quantum responses yield significantly different results