1,397 research outputs found
Large-scale collective motion of RFGC galaxies in curved space-time
We consider large-scale collective motion of flat edge-on spiral galaxies
from the Revised Flat Galaxy Catalogue (RFGC) taking into account the curvature
of space-time in the Local Universe at the scale 100 Mpc/h. We analyse how the
relativistic model of collective motion should be modified to provide the best
possible values of parameters, the effects that impact these parameters and
ways to mitigate them. Evolution of galactic diameters, selection effects, and
difference between isophotal and angular diameter distances are inadequate to
explain this impact. At the same time, measurement error in HI line widths and
angular diameters can easily provide such an impact. This is illustrated in a
toy model, which allows analytical consideration, and then in the full model
using Monte Carlo simulations. The resulting velocity field is very close to
that provided by the non-relativistic model of motion. The obtained bulk flow
velocity is consistent with {\Lambda}CDM cosmology.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 2 table
Asymmetric quantum channel for quantum teleportation
There are a few obstacles, which bring about imperfect quantum teleportation
of a continuous variable state, such as unavailability of maximally entangled
two-mode squeezed states, inefficient detection and imperfect unitary
transformation at the receiving station. We show that all those obstacles can
be understood by a combination of an {\it asymmetrically-decohered} quantum
channel and perfect apparatuses for other operations. For the
asymmetrically-decohered quantum channel, we find some counter-intuitive
results; one is that teleportation does not necessarily get better as the
channel is initially squeezed more and another is when one branch of the
quantum channel is unavoidably subject to some imperfect operations, blindly
making the other branch as clean as possible may not result in the best
teleportation result. We find the optimum strategy to teleport an unknown field
for a given environment or for a given initial squeezing of the channel.Comment: 4pages, 1figur
Real-time PCR based on SYBR-Green I fluorescence: An alternative to the TaqMan assay for a relative quantification of gene rearrangements, gene amplifications and micro gene deletions
BACKGROUND:
Real-time PCR is increasingly being adopted for RNA quantification and genetic analysis. At present the most popular real-time PCR assay is based on the hybridisation of a dual-labelled probe to the PCR product, and the development of a signal by loss of fluorescence quenching as PCR degrades the probe. Though this so-called 'TaqMan' approach has proved easy to optimise in practice, the dual-labelled probes are relatively expensive.
RESULTS:
We have designed a new assay based on SYBR-Green I binding that is quick, reliable, easily optimised and compares well with the published assay. Here we demonstrate its general applicability by measuring copy number in three different genetic contexts; the quantification of a gene rearrangement (T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells); the detection and quantification of GLI, MYC-C and MYC-N gene amplification in cell lines and cancer biopsies; and detection of deletions in the OPA1 gene in dominant optic atrophy.
CONCLUSION:
Our assay has important clinical applications, providing accurate diagnostic results in less time, from less biopsy material and at less cost than assays currently employed such as FISH or Southern blotting
Large-scale collective motion of RFGC galaxies
We processed the data about radial velocities and HI linewidths for 1678 flat
edge-on spirals from the Revised Flat Galaxy Catalogue. We obtained the
parameters of the multipole components of large-scale velocity field of
collective non-Hubble galaxy motion as well as the parameters of the
generalized Tully-Fisher relationship in the "HI line width - linear diameter"
version. All the calculations were performed independently in the framework of
three models, where the multipole decomposition of the galaxy velocity field
was limited to a dipole, quadrupole and octopole terms respectively. We showed
that both the quadrupole and the octopole components are statistically
significant.
On the basis of the compiled list of peculiar velocities of 1623 galaxies we
obtained the estimations of cosmological parameters Omega_m and sigma_8. This
estimation is obtained in both graphical form and as a constraint of the value
S_8=sigma_8(Omega_m/0.3)^0.35 = 0.91 +/- 0.05.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Scienc
Candidates for a possible third-generation gravitational wave detector: comparison of ring-Sagnac and sloshing-Sagnac speedmeter interferometers
Speedmeters are known to be quantum non-demolition devices and, by potentially providing sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit, become interesting for third generation gravitational wave detectors. Here we introduce a new configuration, the sloshing-Sagnac interferometer, and compare it to the more established ring-Sagnac interferometer. The sloshing-Sagnac interferometer is designed to provide improved quantum noise limited sensitivity and lower coating thermal noise than standard position meter interferometers employed in current gravitational wave detectors. We compare the quantum noise limited sensitivity of the ring-Sagnac and the sloshing-Sagnac interferometers, in the frequency range, from 5 Hz to 100 Hz, where they provide the greatest potential benefit. We evaluate the improvement in terms of the unweighted noise reduction below the standard quantum limit, and by finding the range up to which binary black hole inspirals may be observed. The sloshing-Sagnac was found to give approximately similar or better sensitivity than the ring-Sagnac in all cases. We also show that by eliminating the requirement for maximally-reflecting cavity end mirrors with correspondingly-thick multi-layer coatings, coating noise can be reduced by a factor of approximately 2.2 compared to conventional interferometers
Uncertainty characteristics of generalized quantum measurements
The effects of any quantum measurement can be described by a collection of
measurement operators {M_m} acting on the quantum state of the measured system.
However, the Hilbert space formalism tends to obscure the relationship between
the measurement results and the physical properties of the measured system. In
this paper, a characterization of measurement operators in terms of measurement
resolution and disturbance is developed. It is then possible to formulate
uncertainty relations for the measurement process that are valid for arbitrary
input states. The motivation of these concepts is explained from a quantum
communication viewpoint. It is shown that the intuitive interpretation of
uncertainty as a relation between measurement resolution and disturbance
provides a valid description of measurement back action. Possible applications
to quantum cryptography, quantum cloning, and teleportation are discussed.Comment: 8 pages, small additions on cloning and on definitions of delta A_mf,
et
The effect of spontaneous collapses on neutrino oscillations
We compute the effect of collapse models on neutrino oscillations. The effect
of the collapse is to modify the evolution of the `spatial' part of the wave
function, which indirectly amounts to a change on the flavor components. In
many respects, this phenomenon is similar to neutrino propagation through
matter. For the analysis we use the mass proportional CSL model, and perform
the calculation to second order perturbation theory. As we will show, the CSL
prediction is very small - mainly due to the very small mass of neutrinos - and
practically undetectable.Comment: 24 pages, RevTeX. Updated versio
Local Hidden Variables Underpinning of Entanglement and Teleportation
Entangled states whose Wigner functions are non-negative may be viewed as
being accounted for by local hidden variables (LHV). Recently, there were
studies of Bell's inequality violation (BIQV) for such states in conjunction
with the well known theorem of Bell that precludes BIQV for theories that have
LHV underpinning. We extend these studies to teleportation which is also based
on entanglement. We investigate if, to what extent, and under what conditions
may teleportation be accounted for via LHV theory. Our study allows us to
expose the role of various quantum requirements. These are, e.g., the
uncertainty relation among non-commuting operators, and the no-cloning theorem
which forces the complete elimination of the teleported state at its initial
port.Comment: 24 pages, 1 figure, accepted Found. Phy
Optimal States for Bell inequality Violations using Quadrature Phase Homodyne Measurements
We identify what ideal correlated photon number states are to required to
maximize the discrepancy between local realism and quantum mechanics when a
quadrature homodyne phase measurement is used. Various Bell inequality tests
are considered.Comment: 6 pages, 5 Figure
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