88 research outputs found
Health-related quality of life and psychological distress do not return to population norms 12 months after joint replacement surgery (JRS)
The spiritual revolution and suicidal ideation: an empirical enquiry among 13- to 15-year-old adolescents in England and Wales
The association between conventional religiosity and suicide inhibition has been well explored and documented since the pioneering work of Durkheim. Commentators like Heelas and Woodhead point to ways in which conventional religiosity is giving way in England and Wales to a range of alternative spiritualities, including renewed interest in paranormal phenomena. Taking a sample of 3095 13- to 15-year-old adolescents, the present study examines the association between suicidal ideation and both conventional religiosity and paranormal beliefs, after controlling for individual differences in sex, age and personality (extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism). The data demonstrate that, while conventional religiosity is slightly associated with lower levels of suicidal ideation, paranormal beliefs are strongly associated with higher levels of suicidal ideation
The institutional shaping of management: in the tracks of English individualism
Globalisation raises important questions about the shaping of economic action by cultural factors. This article explores the formation of what is seen by some as a prime influence on the formation of British management: individualism. Drawing on a range of historical sources, it argues for a comparative approach. In this case, the primary comparison drawn is between England and Scotland. The contention is that there is a systemic approach to authority in Scotland that can be contrasted to a personal approach in England. An examination of the careers of a number of Scottish pioneers of management suggests the roots of this systemic approach in practices of church governance. Ultimately this systemic approach was to take a secondary role to the personal approach engendered by institutions like the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, but it found more success in the different institutional context of the USA. The complexities of dealing with historical evidence are stressed, as is the value of taking a comparative approach. In this case this indicates a need to take religious practice as seriously as religious belief as a source of transferable practice. The article suggests that management should not be seen as a simple response to economic imperatives, but as shaped by the social and cultural context from which it emerges
The WOCE–era 3–D Pacific Ocean circulation and heat budget
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2009. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Progress In Oceanography 82 (2009): 281-325, doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2009.08.002.To address questions concerning the intensity and spatial structure of the 3–dimensional
circulation within the Pacific Ocean and the associated advective and diffusive property flux
divergences, data from approximately 3000 high–quality hydrographic stations collected on
40 zonal and meridional cruises have been merged into a physically consistent model. The
majority of the stations were occupied as part of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment
(WOCE), which took place in the 1990s. These data are supplemented by a few pre–WOCE
surveys of similar quality, and time–averaged direct–velocity and historical hydrographic
measurements about the equator.
An inverse box model formalism is employed to estimate the absolute along–isopycnal
velocity field, the magnitude and spatial distribution of the associated diapycnal flow and
the corresponding diapycnal advective and diffusive property flux divergences. The resulting
large–scale WOCE Pacific circulation can be described as two shallow overturning cells
at mid– to low latitudes, one in each hemisphere, and a single deep cell which brings abyssal
waters from the Southern Ocean into the Pacific where they upwell across isopycnals and
are returned south as deep waters. Upwelling is seen to occur throughout most of the basin
with generally larger dianeutral transport and greater mixing occurring at depth. The derived
pattern of ocean heat transport divergence is compared to published results based
on air–sea flux estimates. The synthesis suggests a strongly east/west oriented pattern of
air–sea heat flux with heat loss to the atmosphere throughout most of the western basins,
and a gain of heat throughout the tropics extending poleward through the eastern basins.
The calculated meridional heat transport agrees well with previous hydrographic estimates.
Consistent with many of the climatologies at a variety of latitudes as well, our meridional
heat transport estimates tend toward lower values in both hemispheres.This work was funded by National Science Foundation grants OCE–9710102, OCE–
9712209 and OCE–0079383, and also benefited from work on closely related projects funded
by NSF grants OCE–0223421 and OCE–0623261, and NOAA grant NA17RJ1223 funded
through CICOR. For G.C.J. NASA funding came under Order W–19,314
Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures
Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo
Chromosome studies in Alzheimer's disease patients: Distribution of dicentric breakpoints in lymphocytes irradiated in vitro
Does transformational, ambidextrous, transactional leadership promote employee creativity? Mediating effects of empowerment and promotion focus
Clinically relevant priority ranking for hip and knee joint replacement surgery (JRS) : the validation and scaling of the Multidimensional Arthritis Priority Tool (MAPT) against WOMAC, Oxford hip/knee, SF36, AQoL, EQ-5D and HADS
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