17,195 research outputs found
An important role for Myb-MuvB and its target gene KIF23 in a mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma
The conserved Myb-MuvB (MMB) multiprotein complex has an important role in transcriptional activation of mitotic genes. MMB target genes are overexpressed in several different cancer types and their elevated expression is associated with an advanced tumor state and a poor prognosis. This suggests that MMB could contribute to tumorigenesis by mediating overexpression of mitotic genes. However, although MMB has been extensively characterized biochemically, the requirement for MMB in tumorigenesis in vivo has not been investigated. Here we demonstrate that MMB is required for tumor formation in a mouse model of lung cancer driven by oncogenic K-RAS. We also identify a requirement for the mitotic kinesin KIF23, a key target gene of MMB, in tumorigenesis. RNA interference-mediated depletion of KIF23 inhibited lung tumor formation in vivo and induced apoptosis in lung cancer cell lines. Our results suggest that inhibition of KIF23 could be a strategy for treatment of lung cancer
Stress effect on magnetoimpedance (MI) in amorphous wires at GHz frequencies and application to stress-tunable microwave composite materials
The effect of tensile stress on magnetoimpedance (MI) in CoMnSiB amorphous
wires at microwave frequencies (0.5-3 GHz) is investigated both experimentally
and theoretically. In the presence of the dc bias magnetic field of the order
of the anisotropy field, the impedance shows very large and sensitive change
when the wire is subjected to a tensile stress: 100% and 60% per 180 MPa for
frequencies 500 MHz and 2.5 GHz, respectively. It is demonstrated that this
behavior owes mainly to the directional change in the equilibrium magnetization
caused by the applied stress and field, which agrees well with the theoretical
results for the surface impedance. This stress effect on MI is proposed to use
for creating microwave stress-tunable composite materials containing short
magnetic wires. The analysis of the dielectric response from such materials
shows that depending on the stress level in the material, the dispersion of the
effective permittivity can be of a resonant or relaxation type with a
considerable change in its values (up to 100% at 600 MPa). This media can be
used for structural stress monitoring by microwave contrast imaging
Broadband multi-wavelength campaign on PKS 2005-489
The spectral energy distribution (SED) of high-frequency peaked BL Lac
objects (HBL) is characterized by two peaks: one in the UV-X-ray and one in the
GeV-TeV regime. An interesting object for analyzing these broadband
characteristics is PKS 2005-489, which in 2004 showed the softest TeV spectrum
ever measured. In 2009, a multi-wavelength campaign has been conducted with,
for the first time, simultaneous observations by H.E.S.S. (TeV), Fermi/LAT
(GeV), RXTE (keV), Swift (keV, UV, optical) and ATOM (optical) to cover the two
peaks of the SED. During this campaign PKS 2005-489 underwent a high state in
all wavebands which gives the opportunity to study in detail the emission
processes of a high state of this interesting HBL.Comment: 2009 Fermi Symposium; eConf Proceedings C09112
Perfectionnement au frittage de l'oxyde d'uranium en vue d'augmenter sa conductibilite thermique = Development sintering uranium oxide to increase its thermal conductivity. EUR 5f
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Anti-CD20 therapy depletes activated myelin-specific CD8+ T cells in multiple sclerosis.
CD8+ T cells are believed to play an important role in multiple sclerosis (MS), yet their role in MS pathogenesis remains poorly defined. Although myelin proteins are considered potential autoantigenic targets, prior studies of myelin-reactive CD8+ T cells in MS have relied on in vitro stimulation, thereby limiting accurate measurement of their ex vivo precursor frequencies and phenotypes. Peptide:MHC I tetramers were used to identify and validate 5 myelin CD8+ T cell epitopes, including 2 newly described determinants in humans. The validated tetramers were used to measure the ex vivo precursor frequencies and phenotypes of myelin-specific CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of untreated MS patients and HLA allele-matched healthy controls. In parallel, CD8+ T cell responses against immunodominant influenza epitopes were also measured. There were no differences in ex vivo frequencies of tetramer-positive myelin-specific CD8+ T cells between MS patients and control subjects. An increased proportion of myelin-specific CD8+ T cells in MS patients exhibited a memory phenotype and expressed CD20 compared to control subjects, while there were no phenotypic differences observed among influenza-specific CD8+ T cells. Longitudinal assessments were also measured in a subset of MS patients subsequently treated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy. The proportion of memory and CD20+ CD8+ T cells specific for certain myelin but not influenza epitopes was significantly reduced following anti-CD20 treatment. This study, representing a characterization of unmanipulated myelin-reactive CD8+ T cells in MS, indicates these cells may be attractive targets in MS therapy
Water footprints of cities indicators for sustainable consumption and production
Water footprints have been proposed as sustainabilityindicators, relating the consumption of goods likefood to the amount of water necessary for their productionand the impacts of that water use in the source regions. Wefurther developed the existing water footprint methodology,by globally resolving virtual water flows from production toconsumption regions for major food crops at 5 arcmin spatialresolution. We distinguished domestic and internationalflows, and assessed local impacts of export production. Applyingthis method to three exemplary cities, Berlin, Delhiand Lagos, we find major differences in amounts, composition,and origin of green and blue virtual water imports,due to differences in diets, trade integration and crop waterproductivities in the source regions. While almost all ofDelhi’s and Lagos’ virtual water imports are of domestic origin,Berlin on average imports from more than 4000 km distance,in particular soy (livestock feed), coffee and cocoa.While 42% of Delhi’s virtual water imports are blue waterbased, the fractions for Berlin and Lagos are 2 and 0.5 %, respectively,roughly equal to the water volumes abstracted inthese two cities for domestic water use. Some of the externalsource regions of Berlin’s virtual water imports appear tobe critically water scarce and/or food insecure. However, forderiving recommendations on sustainable consumption andtrade, further analysis of context-specific costs and benefitsassociated with export production will be required
The role of prolactin in autoimmune demyelination: suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by bromocriptine.
Potential vorticity dynamics of life cycles of blocked weather regimes in the Euro-Atlantic region: A diagnostic framework
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