Kajian Pemberian Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Tanaman Buah Naga (Hylocereus Costaricensis)

Tanaman buah naga ( Hylocereus costaricensis) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berasal dari family Cactaceae yang tergolong baru di masyarakat Indonesia. Kebutuhan buah naga di Indonesia cukup besar, namun kebutuhan tersebut belum mampu dipenuhi oleh produsen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya interaksi antar kombinasi perlakuan yang tepat dalam perbanyakan tanaman buah naga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2014 dalam green house STPP Malang dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan faktor 1: bahan stek yaitu B1 batang ujung dan B2 batang bawah dan faktor 2: konsentrasi ZPT sebagai perlakuan(1 kontrol dan 6 perlakuan) dan 3 ulangan, yaitu : N0 : Kontrol (Tanpa ZPT), N1 : 25 mg/10 ml, N2 : 50 mg/10 ml, N3 : 75 mg/10 ml, N4 : 100 mg/10 ml, N5 : 125 mg/10 ml, dan N6 : 150 mg/10 ml. Pengamatan yang dilakukan secara distruktif dan non distruktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya interaksi nyata pada kombinasi perlakuan bahan stek dengan konsentrasi ZPT terhadap pertumbuhan buah naga pada parameter pengamatan saat muncul tunas (hst), persentase tanaman berakar, Jumlah tunas dan panjang tunas, Sedangkan untuk parameter pengamatan persentase tanaman hidup (%), persentase tanaman berakar, jumlah akar, persentase tanaman bertunas, serta bobot basah, menunjukan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata terhadap perlakuan kombinasi bahan stek dan konsentrasi ZPT. Pada parameter pengamatan persentase tanaman hidup perlakuan kombinasi N4B1, N5B1, N6B1, N1B2, N3B2, N4B2, dan N5B2 menunjukkan persentase tanaman hidup 100%

Perubahan Spatio-temporal B-value Gempa Mikro Di Lapangan Panasbumi X

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai karakteristik gempa mikro di lapangan panasbumi X. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik gempa mikro terkait dengan variasi spatio-temporal parameter b-value. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder milik PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy sebanyak 138 kejadian gempa mikro yang terjadi selama periode 2013-2014. Perhitungan parameter b-valuedilakukan dengan metode maximum likelihood di program ZMAP dengan analisa variasi secara spasial dan temporal. Hasil perhitungan b-value di lapangan panasbumi X cukup tinggi yaitu sekitar 1 – 3 dan mengindikasikan bahwa keadaan batuan daerah penelitian heterogen serta cenderung tidak mengakumulasikan stress sehingga banyak gempa mikro yang terjadi. Variasi spasial b-value menunjukkan bahwa di sekitar sumur injeksi b-value cenderung tinggi (1.9 – 2.1) akibat peningkatan tekanan dibandingkan dengan di area sumur produksi dengan b-value 1.6 – 1.8. Variasi temporal b-valuemenunjukkan dua pola seismisitas di lapangan panasbumi X yaitu penurunan b-value diikuti dengan gempa berukuran besar (bulan April, Agustus, September dan Desember 2013 serta Februari 2014) serta ketika b-value meningkat banyak gempa mikro yang terjadi (bulan April 2013 serta Januari dan April 2014)

Effect of organic mulches and foliar spray of kaolin on NPK uptake in enhancing yield and economics of dry land maize (Zea mays L.)

The hot and semi-arid region is prone to meteorological droughts; the lack of rain is frequently accompanied by hot temperatures, strong winds, and low humidity, which has the impact of limiting nutrient uptake and agricultural yields. To overcome this problem a field study conducted during June, 2020 kharif season at farmers field, Chinna Dudyala village, Muddanur, Kadapa district, Andhra Pradesh aimed to determine the effect of organic mulches and foliar spray of kaolin on NPK uptake in enhancing yield and economics of dry land maize (Zea mays). One of the most important techniques for preserving soil moisture was mulching, which also reduces evapotranspiration when anti-transpirants are used. The experiment comprised nine treatments (T1 to T9) with four types of organic mulches viz., Paddy straw, Ground-nut haulm, Coir-pith, and Sugarcane trash, with foliar spray of kaolin intervals on 40 DAS, 20 & 40 DAS and farmers practice to minimize water stress and improve the nutrient uptake by plant. Among the application of the treatments, coir-pith mulch + foliar spray of kaolin @ 3.0% (T6) on 20 DAS & 40 DAS had significant effect on NPK uptake with N (187.15 kg ha-1), P (69.60 kg ha-1) and K (156.22 kg ha-1) and enhanced grain yield (6976 kg ha-1) and stover yield (10980 kg ha-1), highest gross returns (138034 ₹. ha-1) and BCR (2.63) and was superior to all the other treatments. The present study would help to effectively utilise the available resources, enhance growth and productivity in maize crop and to make economically viable to the farmers of semi-arid regions

Cloud Service Selection System Approach based on QoS Model: A Systematic Review

The Internet of Things (IoT) has received a lot of interest from researchers recently. IoT is seen as a component of the Internet of Things, which will include billions of intelligent, talkative "things" in the coming decades. IoT is a diverse, multi-layer, wide-area network composed of a number of network links. The detection of services and on-demand supply are difficult in such networks, which are comprised of a variety of resource-limited devices. The growth of service computing-related fields will be aided by the development of new IoT services. Therefore, Cloud service composition provides significant services by integrating the single services. Because of the fast spread of cloud services and their different Quality of Service (QoS), identifying necessary tasks and putting together a service model that includes specific performance assurances has become a major technological problem that has caused widespread concern. Various strategies are used in the composition of services i.e., Clustering, Fuzzy, Deep Learning, Particle Swarm Optimization, Cuckoo Search Algorithm and so on. Researchers have made significant efforts in this field, and computational intelligence approaches are thought to be useful in tackling such challenges. Even though, no systematic research on this topic has been done with specific attention to computational intelligence. Therefore, this publication provides a thorough overview of QoS-aware web service composition, with QoS models and approaches to finding future aspects

Assessment of feed and fodder availability and requirement in Andhra Pradesh

The present study aimed to estimate the feed and fodder demand for the existing livestock population and supply in Andhra Pradesh. For the study the secondary data was collected from the different sources. The livestock population was converted into Ruminant Livestock Units (RLU) based on the species, age and sex. Ruminant Livestock Units (RLU) were considered to have a body weight of 350 kg and a dry matter intake of 2 per cent of their body weight. The total RLU in the state is 9.24 million, requiring 23.61 million tonnes of feed and fodder on dry matter basis. Availability of dry fodder and concentrates were estimated using appropriate conversion ratios to different crop production while green fodder was estimated by applying per hectare yield to different fodder sources The total annual availability of feed and fodder in the state was estimated to be 33.13 million tonnes against the requirement of 23.61 million tonnes and thereby excess of around 40.35 per cent per annum. The availability of feed and fodder was excess in 9 districts except for the Visakhapatnam, Prakasam, Kadapa and Anantapuram districts of the state. Average dry matter availability in the state was 9.82 kg/RLU/day against the requirement (7 kg). Creation of fodder banks and transport fodder to the deficit areas of the country are the policies to be developed and need priority attention to solve the problem of fodder in deficit areas

Toward the Discovery of Vaccine Adjuvants: Coupling In Silico Screening and In Vitro Analysis of Antagonist Binding to Human and Mouse CCR4 Receptors

BACKGROUND: Adjuvants enhance or modify an immune response that is made to an antigen. An antagonist of the chemokine CCR4 receptor can display adjuvant-like properties by diminishing the ability of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) to down-regulate immune responses. METHODOLOGY: Here, we have used protein modelling to create a plausible chemokine receptor model with the aim of using virtual screening to identify potential small molecule chemokine antagonists. A combination of homology modelling and molecular docking was used to create a model of the CCR4 receptor in order to investigate potential lead compounds that display antagonistic properties. Three-dimensional structure-based virtual screening of the CCR4 receptor identified 116 small molecules that were calculated to have a high affinity for the receptor; these were tested experimentally for CCR4 antagonism. Fifteen of these small molecules were shown to inhibit specifically CCR4-mediated cell migration, including that of CCR4(+) Tregs. SIGNIFICANCE: Our CCR4 antagonists act as adjuvants augmenting human T cell proliferation in an in vitro immune response model and compound SP50 increases T cell and antibody responses in vivo when combined with vaccine antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium yoelii in mice

TLR 9 Activation in Dendritic Cells Enhances Salmonella Killing and Antigen Presentation via Involvement of the Reactive Oxygen Species

Synthetic CpG containing oligodeoxynucleotide Toll like receptor-9 agonist (CpG DNA) activates innate immunity and can stimulate antigen presentation against numerous intracellular pathogens. It was observed that Salmonella Typhimurium growth can be inhibited by the CpG DNA treatment in the murine dendritic cells. This inhibitory effect was mediated by an increased reactive oxygen species production. In addition, it was noted that CpG DNA treatment of dendritic cells during Salmonella infection leads to an increased antigen presentation. Further this increased antigen presentation was dependent on the enhanced reactive oxygen species production elicited by Toll like receptor-9 activation. With the help of an exogenous antigen it was shown that Salmonella antigen could also be cross-presented in a better way by CpG induction. These data collectively indicate that CpG DNA enhance the ability of murine dendritic cells to contain the growth of virulent Salmonella through reactive oxygen species dependent killing

Efficacy of a Smoking Cessation Intervention for Survivors of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Cervical Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial

PURPOSE: Women who smoke and have a history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer represent a vulnerable subgroup at elevated risk for recurrence, poorer cancer treatment outcomes, and decreased quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of Motivation And Problem Solving (MAPS), a novel treatment well-suited to meeting the smoking cessation needs of this population. METHODS: Women who were with a history of CIN or cervical cancer, age 18 years and older, spoke English or Spanish, and reported current smoking (≥100 lifetime cigarettes plus any smoking in the past 30 days) were eligible. Participants (N = 202) were recruited in clinic in Oklahoma City and online nationally and randomly assigned to (1) standard treatment (ST) or (2) MAPS. ST consisted of repeated referrals to a tobacco cessation quitline, self-help materials, and combination nicotine replacement therapy (patch plus lozenge). MAPS comprised all ST components plus up to six proactive telephone counseling sessions over 12 months. Logistic regression and generalized estimating equations evaluated the intervention. The primary outcome was self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence from tobacco at 18 months, with abstinence at 3, 6, and 12 months and biochemically confirmed abstinence as secondary outcomes. RESULTS: There was no significant effect for MAPS over ST at 18 months (14.2% CONCLUSION: MAPS led to a greater than two-fold increase in smoking abstinence among survivors of CIN and cervical cancer at 12 months. At 18 months, abstinence in MAPS declined to match the control condition and the treatment effect was no longer significant