The local crystallization in nanoscale diamond-like carbon films during annealing

The local crystallization during annealing at 600° C in nanoscale diamond-like carbon coatings films grown by pulsed vacuum-arc deposition method was observed using modern techniques of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The crystallites formed by annealing have a face-centred cubic crystal structure and grow in the direction [011] as a normal to the film surface. The number and size of the crystallites depend on the initial values of the intrinsic stresses before annealing, which in turn depend on the conditions of film growth. The sizes of crystallites are 10 nm for films with initial compressive stresses of 3 GPa and 17 nm for films with initial compres- sive stresses of 12 GPa. Areas of local crystallization arising during annealing have a structure dif- ferent from the graphit

SENSITIVITY TO ANTIBIOTIC AND DISINFECTANTS AND PLASMID SPECTRUM OF ESCHERICHIA COLI STRAINS, CIRCULATING AMONGST THE SHIP COMPANY MEMBERS DURING THE LONG-TERM EXPEDITION

The article presents the results of unique researches of comparative study of microbiologic characteristics of E. rnli strains, isolated from the ship company members at different stages of the long-term expedition. It was established that cul-de-sac conditions promote formation of the population of microorganisms with more homogeneous spectrum of phenotypic and genotypic characters. It is showed that the reaction of shipboard E. coli population on the applying of antibiotics and taking disinfectant measures on the ship isn't just accommodation but more complicated process

Features of forming an interaction network of an entrepreneurial structure

© 2015, Review of European Studies. All right reserved. The purpose of this article is aimed at identifying features of forming an interaction network of an entrepreneurial structure for developing real competition. The presented article defines the formation of different types of cross-cutting strategic management processes of an entrepreneurial structure with divergent interests of employers and hired managers. The basis of the presented work appears to be the use of modeling in the theory of relations between business structures. The paper presents a mechanism for forming an interaction network of an entrepreneurial structure with counterparties of direct exposure environment. This article is intended for managers, executives, researchers involved in entrepreneurial structures development

Multi-membership gene regulation in pathway based microarray analysis

This article is available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Background: Gene expression analysis has been intensively researched for more than a decade. Recently, there has been elevated interest in the integration of microarray data analysis with other types of biological knowledge in a holistic analytical approach. We propose a methodology that can be facilitated for pathway based microarray data analysis, based on the observation that a substantial proportion of genes present in biochemical pathway databases are members of a number of distinct pathways. Our methodology aims towards establishing the state of individual pathways, by identifying those truly affected by the experimental conditions based on the behaviour of such genes. For that purpose it considers all the pathways in which a gene participates and the general census of gene expression per pathway. Results: We utilise hill climbing, simulated annealing and a genetic algorithm to analyse the consistency of the produced results, through the application of fuzzy adjusted rand indexes and hamming distance. All algorithms produce highly consistent genes to pathways allocations, revealing the contribution of genes to pathway functionality, in agreement with current pathway state visualisation techniques, with the simulated annealing search proving slightly superior in terms of efficiency. Conclusions: We show that the expression values of genes, which are members of a number of biochemical pathways or modules, are the net effect of the contribution of each gene to these biochemical processes. We show that by manipulating the pathway and module contribution of such genes to follow underlying trends we can interpret microarray results centred on the behaviour of these genes.The work was sponsored by the studentship scheme of the School of Information Systems, Computing and Mathematics, Brunel Universit

Comparative analysis of tissue reactions during implantation of endoprostheses made of polytetrafluoroethylene in the anterior abdominal wall

The objective of this research was a comparative study of the reaction of the tissues of the anterior abdominal wall to the PTFE-endoprosthesis with a DLC-coating at long-term experimental stage

MODELING OF THE RESTORATION OF POLYDISPERSE METAL OXIDES IN THE SETTING OF IDEAL MIXING

The technology of 3d printing of complex products requires improved methods for producing powders. The best way to obtain high-quality powders is the technology of metal recovery from oxides. An example of the dynamics calculation of metal recovery from a polydisperse mixture of oxide particles in ideal mixing reactors is proposed.Технологии 3d печати сложных изделий требует совершенствования способов получения порошков. Оптимальным способом получения качественных порошков является технология восстановления металлов из оксидов. В предлагаемой работе приводится пример расчета динамики восстановления металла из полидисперсной смеси частиц оксида в реакторах идеального перемешивания

VIBROFLUIDIZED BED DISPERSED MATERIAL STABILITY ANALYSIS

Технологии виброожижения дисперсных системпозволяют существенно интенсифицировать процессы тепломассопереноса и увеличить тем самым производительностьагрегатов, в частности при получении металлических порошков из соответствующих оксидов. Вариант постановки задачи исследования структуры виброожиженных систем рассматривается ниже.Vibrofluidized technology of dispersed systems makes it possible to intensify heat- and mass transfer processes. That resulted in unit capacity rising, for instance with metal powder production from corresponding oxides. The way of statement of the problem to investigate vibrofluidized system structure is observed

Challenges in the harmonisation of global integrated assessment models: a comprehensive methodology to reduce model response heterogeneity

Harmonisation sets the ground to a solid inter-comparison of integrated assessment models. A clear and transparent harmonisation process promotes a consistent interpretation of the modelling outcomes divergences and, reducing the model variance, is instrumental to the use of integrated assessment models to support policy decision-making. Despite its crucial role for climate economic policies, the definition of a comprehensive harmonisation methodology for integrated assessment modelling remains an open challenge for the scientific community. This paper proposes a framework for a harmonisation methodology with the definition of indispensable steps and recommendations to overcome stumbling blocks in order to reduce the variance of the outcomes which depends on controllable modelling assumptions. The harmonisation approach of the PARIS REINFORCE project is presented here to layout such a framework. A decomposition analysis of the harmonisation process is shown through 6 integrated assessment models (GCAM, ICES-XPS, MUSE, E3ME, GEMINI-E3, and TIAM). Results prove the potentials of the proposed framework to reduce the model variance and present a powerful diagnostic tool to feedback on the quality of the harmonisation itself

Two-Pattern strings

This paper introduces a new class of strings on {a, b}, called two-pattern strings, that constitute a substantial generalization of Sturmian strings while at the same time sharing many of their nice properties. In particular, we show that, in common with Sturmian strings, only time linear in the string length is required to recognize a two-pattern string as well as to compute all of its repetitions. We also show that two-pattern strings occur in some sense frequently in the class of all strings on {a,b}