Educational work as a method of implementation of plans for the development of a training group in medical universities

The article deals with the principles of educational work, with the help of which it is possible to implement the program of group development, training and formation of a qualified specialist, which is the main goal of the work of teachers of higher educational institutions. Preliminary planning and high-quality organization of educational work can help students to acquire professional knowledge and form the necessary qualities for the physician such as morality, intelligence, compassion for the neighbor, teamwork, responsibility, and others. The article emphasizes the need for cooperation in the educational work of various staff and units of the university: from the lecturer of the department, administration of the faculty and the university to public organizations and associations. The authors emphasize the continuity of educational work, the necessity of conducting it both in classrooms in classes, and in extracurricular time

From Forbidden Coronal Lines to Meaningful Coronal Magnetic Fields

We review methods to measure magnetic fields within the corona using the polarized light in magnetic-dipole (M1) lines. We are particularly interested in both the global magnetic-field evolution over a solar cycle, and the local storage of magnetic free energy within coronal plasmas. We address commonly held skepticisms concerning angular ambiguities and line-of-sight confusion. We argue that ambiguities are in principle no worse than more familiar remotely sensed photospheric vector-fields, and that the diagnosis of M1 line data would benefit from simultaneous observations of EUV lines. Based on calculations and data from eclipses, we discuss the most promising lines and different approaches that might be used. We point to the S-like [Fe {\sc XI}] line (J=2 to J=1) at 789.2nm as a prime target line (for ATST for example) to augment the hotter 1074.7 and 1079.8 nm Si-like lines of [Fe {\sc XIII}] currently observed by the Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter (CoMP). Significant breakthroughs will be made possible with the new generation of coronagraphs, in three distinct ways: (i) through single point inversions (which encompasses also the analysis of MHD wave modes), (ii) using direct comparisons of synthetic MHD or force-free models with polarization data, and (iii) using tomographic techniques.Comment: Accepted by Solar Physics, April 201

New approach to formalization of the self-organization process based on the Ramsey theory

Запропоновано новий підхід до формалізації процесу самоорганізації на основі теорії Рамсея. Розроблено нову концепцію, що лежить в основі формалізації процесу самоорганізації. Представлено узагальнену схему процесу самоорганізації. Перевагою такої концепції самоорганізації над відомими є встановлення конкретних причин процесу самоорганізації у вигляді внутрішніх правил системи як таких, що відіграють центральну роль у самозародженні структур. Обґрунтовано використання чисел Рамсея з правилами як індикаторів процесу самоорганізації. Розглянуто обмеження використання запропонованого підходу та можливість його практичного застосування.At present there is a wide range of mathematically formal approaches to the description of self-organizing systems, each with its advantages and disadvantages, since a unified mathematical theory of self-organization is not built. A key problem in the theory of self-organization is the investigation and establishing of regularities of spontaneous appearance of the ordered structures in systems. Up to now a lot of mathematical models which describe the self-organization in a definite way have been developed. But it is necessary to specify that most of these models have been developed for the other purposes than modeling of the self-organization process. They describe only those aspects of self-organization that are important in terms of specific applied problems. A new approach to formalization of the self-organization process based on the Ramsey theory, which studies the availability of regular structures in random configurations of elements has been proposed. A new concept that underlies in the base of the formalization of self-organization is developed. The generalized scheme of self-organization is presented. The advantage of this concept of self-organization is the determination of specific reasons for self-organization process in the form of internal system rules which play a profound role in self-creation of spontaneous structures. The usage of the Ramsey numbers with rules as the indicators of the self-organization process is interpreted. Limitations on the proposed approach and the possibility of its practical application are considered. This approach enables to interpret mathematically why the structure in the system appears and whether there are some rules which cause the self-organization

3D Coronal Density Reconstruction and Retrieving the Magnetic Field Structure during Solar Minimum

Measurement of the coronal magnetic field is a crucial ingredient in understanding the nature of solar coronal phenomena at all scales. We employed STEREO/COR1 data obtained during a deep minimum of solar activity in February 2008 (Carrington rotation CR 2066) to retrieve and analyze the three-dimensional (3D) coronal electron density in the range of heights from 1.5 to 4 Rsun using a tomography method. With this, we qualitatively deduced structures of the coronal magnetic field. The 3D electron density analysis is complemented by the 3D STEREO/EUVI emissivity in the 195 A band obtained by tomography for the same CR. A global 3D MHD model of the solar corona was used to relate the reconstructed 3D density and emissivity to open/closed magnetic field structures. We show that the density maximum locations can serve as an indicator of current sheet position, while the locations of the density gradient maximum can be a reliable indicator of coronal hole boundaries. We find that the magnetic field configuration during CR 2066 has a tendency to become radially open at heliocentric distances greater than 2.5 Rsun. We also find that the potential field model with a fixed source surface (PFSS) is inconsistent with the boundaries between the regions with open and closed magnetic field structures. This indicates that the assumption of the potential nature of the coronal global magnetic field is not satisfied even during the deep solar minimum. Results of our 3D density reconstruction will help to constrain solar coronal field models and test the accuracy of the magnetic field approximations for coronal modeling.Comment: Published in "Solar Physics

Uso de cenizas volantes y fosfoyesos en la síntesis de clínkeres belíticos de sulfoaluminatos

Fly ash and phosphogypsum were used as Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) by-products for the synthesis of belite-sulfoaluminate clinkers. The influence of raw mixture composition and firing temperature was investigated. Clinkers and cements were examined by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The compressive strength of the cements was determined after 28 days. Clinker phases identified included ye’elimite, ß-phase of belite, ternesite and gehlenite, while the main hydration product of the cement pastes was ettringite. The results showed that belite-sulfoaluminate cements can be fabricated with a compressive strength of 45.9 N/mm2 by firing the raw mixture (70 wt.% marl, 10 wt.% bauxite and 20 wt.% phosphogypsum) at a temperature of 1320°C/1h.En este estudio se han utilizado cenizas volantes y fosfoyeso como Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) para la síntesis de clínkeres belíticos de sulfoaluminatos. Se ha investigado la influencia de la composición de la materia prima y de las diferentes temperaturas de cocción. Los clínkeres y cementos se examinaron mediante difracción de rayos X y microscopía electrónica de barrido equipada con espectroscopía de energía dispersiva de rayos X. Los valores de compresión de los cementos se determinaron a la edad de 28 días. Las fases constituyentes de los clínkeres se identificaron como ye’elimita, fase-ß de la belita, ternesita y gehlenita, mientras que el principal producto de hidratación de la pasta de cemento se identificó como ettringita. Los resultados muestran que los cementos belíticos de sulfoaluminatos pueden ser fabricados con una resistencia a compresión de 45.9 N/mm2 mediante una cocción de la materia prima (70 % en peso de marga, 10 % de bauxita y 20 % de fosfoyeso) a una temperatura de 1320°C/1

NN potentials from inverse scattering in the J-matrix approach

An approximate inverse scattering method [7,8] has been used to construct separable potentials with the Laguerre form factors. As an application, we invert the phase shifts of proton-proton in the $^1S_0$ and $^3P_2-^3F_2$ channels and neutron-proton in the $^3S_1-^3D_1$ channel elastic scattering. In the latter case the deuteron wave function of a realistic $np$ potential was used as input.Comment: LaTex2e, 17 pages, 3 Postscript figures; corrected typo

Ancient agricultural and pastoral landscapes on the south side of lake Issyk-Kul: preliminary surveys of the Juuku Valley and Lower Kizil Suu Valley, archaeobotanical results of three stratigraphic profiles, and GIS modeling of Iron Age in Lower Kizil Suu

The main goal of this paper is to present results of preliminary archaeological research on the south side of Lake Issyk-Kul in Kyrgyzstan. We test the hypothesis that agropastoral land use changed over four millennia from the Bronze Age through the ethnographic Kirghiz period due to economic, socio-political, and religious changes in the prehistoric and historic societies of this region. Our research objectives are to: (1) describe and analyze survey results from Lower Kizil Suu Valley; (2) discuss the results of radiometric and archaeobotanical samples taken from three stratigraphic profiles from three settlements from the Juuku Valley, including these chronological periods: the Wusun period (200 to 400 CE), the Qarakhanid period (1100 to 1200 CE), and the ethnographic Kirghiz period (1700 to 1900 CE); and (3) conduct preliminary GIS spatial analyses on the Iron Age mortuary remains (Saka and Wusun period). This research emerges out of the first archaeological surveys conducted in 2019 - 2021 and includes the Lower Kizil Suu alluvial fan; it is an initial step toward developing a model for agropastoral land use for upland valleys of the Inner Tian Shan Mountains.1. Introduction 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Study Area 2.2. Description of Survey Methods 2.3. Stratigraphic Profiles at Juuku Valley settlements 2.4. Radiometric Dating 2.5. Archaeobotanical Methods 2.6. GIS Methods for Spatial Analysis 3. Results 3.1. Survey results 3.2. Stratigraphic Profiles 3.2.1. Profile at Site-EJS1 (Wusun Period Settlement) 3.2.2. Profile at Site-EJS2 (Qarakhanid Period Settlement) 3.3. Results of Radiometric Dating 3.4. Results of Archaeobotanical Analyses 3.4.1. Site-EJS1 (Eastern Juuku – Settlement-1) 3.4.2. Site-EJS2 (Eastern Juuku – Settlement-2) 3.4.3. Site-LJS3 (Lower Juuku – Settlement-2) 3.5. Results of the GIS Spatial Analyses 4. Discussion 5. Conclusion