Do subleading corrections to Bekenstein-Hawking entropy hold the key to quantum gravity?

Black-holes are considered to be theoretical laboratories for testing models of quantum gravity. It is usually believed that any candidate for quantum gravity must explain the microscopic origin of the Bekenstein-Hawking ($S_{_{\rm BH}}$) entropy. In this letter, we argue (i) the requirement for a candidate approach to go beyond $S_{_{\rm BH}}$ and provide generic subleading corrections, and (ii) the importance to {\it disentangle} and identify the degrees of freedom leading to $S_{_{\rm BH}}$ and its subleading corrections. Using the approach of entanglement of modes across the horizon, we show that the microscopic degrees of freedom that lead to $S_{_{\rm BH}}$ and subleading corrections are different. We further show, using microcanonical and canonical ensemble approaches, that the quantum entanglement predicts generic power-law corrections to $S_{_{\rm BH}}$ and that the corrections can be identified with the kinematical properties of the event-horizon.Comment: 6 pages, Final version, To appear in MPL

First records of \u3ci\u3eHippodamia variegata\u3c/i\u3e (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) for Iowa, U.S.A.

Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Palearctic lady beetle that has become established in North America, is reported for the first time from the state of Iowa, U.S.A. The earliest specimen of H. variegata from Iowa was collected in 2009, with two subsequent specimens in 2012. Collection records of an advancing, non-native species like H. variegata are important for determining comparative rates of geographic spread across various regions and understanding its invasion dynamics

Irrigation, nitrogen, and rootstock effects on volume loss of berries from potted Shiraz vines

Shiraz (synonym Syrah) berry volume increases in two phases and this may be followed by shrinkage during the later stages of ripening. Irrigation regime, nitrogen application rate and rootstock were tested for their effects on the onset of volume loss and extent of volume loss. Maximum berry volume correlated well with volume of berries at 35 d after flowering, the end of the cell division phase. Post-maximum berry shrinkage was not as severe of vines grown with split-root irrigation as compared with standard irrigation. However, these berries were smaller at harvest due to less pre-veraison expansion. Berries grown on vines with standard irrigation had greater post-maximum volume loss than those berries grown in a deficit irrigation treatment. Despite this, maximum berry volume correlated well with final volume in all treatments. N application rate had an effect on the onset of post-veraison expansion but not on the amplitude of maximum berry volume or final berry volume. Deficit irrigation delayed the onset of volume loss by 11 d. Rootstock also had an effect on the onset of volume loss with berries from vines grafted on the rootstock 101-14 Mgt losing volume 7 d earlier than berries from vines grafted on Ramsey. These results suggest that onset and degree of volume loss in Shiraz is sensitive to external influences.

Strain Sensors, Methods of Making Same, and Applications of Same

In one aspect, the present invention relates to a layered structure usable in a strain sensor. In one embodiment, the layered structure has a substrate with a first surface and an opposite, second surface defining a body portion therebetween; and a film of carbon nanotubes deposited on the first surface of the substrate, wherein the film of carbon nanotubes is conductive and characterized with an electrical resistance. In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes are aligned in a preferential direction. In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes are formed in a yarn such that any mechanical stress increases their electrical response. In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes are incorporated into a polymeric scaffold that is attached to the surface of the substrate. In one embodiment, the surfaces of the carbon nanotubes are functionalized such that its electrical conductivity is increased

Pitfalls and Precautions When Using Predicted Failure Data for Quantitative Analysis of Safety Risk in Human Rated Launch Vehicles

No abstract availabl

X-ray photoemission spectroscopy determination of the InN/yttria stabilized cubic-zirconia valence band offset

The valence band offset of wurtzite InN(0001)/yttria stabilized cubic-zirconia (YSZ)(111) heterojunctions is determined by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy to be 1.19±0.17 eV giving a conduction band offset of 3.06±0.20 eV. Consequently, a type-I heterojunction forms between InN and YSZ in the straddling arrangement. The low lattice mismatch and high band offsets suggest potential for use of YSZ as a gate dielectric in high-frequency InN-based electronic devices

The first confirmed record of African golden cat Caracal aurata from Kenya since 1946

No Abstrac