PRESERVATION OF PANEER BY USING PVC CLING FILM

Paneer is a popular indigenous variety of soft cheese in India and used as a base material for the preparation of a large number of culinary dishes. Paneer, like other indigenous products is highly ±perishable. At room temperature it cannot be stored more than a day and under refrigeration it may remain acceptable for six days. Therefore, study was undertaken to give a comprehensive package by application of sorbic acid and PVC cling film. It is observed that paneer could be stored safely up to 13 days at 7±ºC by adapting hygienic practices of manufacturing and wrapping during it in PVC cling film. Use of 0.1% sorbic acid alone could be recommended along with wrapping of paneer in cling film to extend its storage life up to 33 days in refrigeration (7±ºC ) and for 3 days at room temperature. There was reduction in moisture content but rise in titratable acidity, FFA, peroxide value and soluble nitrogen in treated paneer during storage at both the temperatures.Â

Studies on Preparation of Quarg Type Cheese From Cow Milk and Goat Milk

The current upward trend in nutritional and health awareness is the consumer’s demands for high nutritive valuable product in the market with acceptable sensory characteristics. The present study was carried out to explore the possibilities of using goat milk alone and in combination with cow milk for preparation of quarg type cheese. The levels of cow milk and goat milk treatments were T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 as 100:00, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 00:100 per cent  respectively. The product was served to the semi-trained panel of judges to know its acceptability. The treatment T3 having 50% cow milk and 50% goat milk was rated superior amongst experimental treatments. In respect of chemical composition protein, moisture and acidity were increased with increased in level of goat milk while fat, carbohydrate, total solid ash and pH were decreased with increased in level of goat milk

Twin pregnancies: a retrospective analysis

Background: This study aims to analyse the maternal and neonatal complications in twin pregnancy at tertiary institute.Methods: This was a retrospective study of multiple pregnancies after 26 weeks gestation at a tertiary teaching hospital between January 2020 to December 2020. Maternal and neonatal data was collected from the labour room delivery register and NICU records.Results: Out of 1212 births during this period, 66 were twin pregnancies with an incidence of 5.54%. Most of women had twinning after in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment (77.27%). Thirty-seven (56.06%) women were in the age group of 21-30 years and primigravida contributed to 63.63% of all twin pregnancies. Maternal complications most frequently noticed was hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in 27 (40.90%) women, Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in 24 (36.36%) women, preterm rupture of membranes (PROM)/ preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) in 21 (31.18%) women, Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (IHCP) in 4 (6.06%) women, hypothyroidism in 12 (18.8.1%) women and antepartum hemorrhage (APH) in 4 (6.06%). Caesarean section was performed on 49 (74.25%) women with abnormal presentation as indication in 18 (36.73%). 80.30% women had preterm delivery with 86 (65.15 %) neonates having NICU admission. There was no maternal mortality and 1 (1,16 %) perinatal mortality in NICU admitted neonates.Conclusions: This study reveals with increasing ART treatment the incidence of twin pregnancies is increasing along with its maternal complications like hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, GDM and preterm delivery. Frequent antenatal care for early detection of complications, multi-disciplinary approach is key for favourable outcome.

Pathogenic and Molecular Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri Causing Chickpea Wilt through ISSR Markers

In the present investigation the pathogenic and genetic variability was assayed, amongst the seven isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri (Foc) collected from different agro-climatic zones of Maharashtra State, India. The isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.ciceri were confirmed by SCAR marker which yielded 1.5 KD band. The pathogenicity of each isolate was confirmed using the wilt susceptible chickpea genotype JG-62. On the basis of pathogenic ability the isolates were grouped as highly pathogenic (FOC-2, FOC-5, FOC-6), strongly pathogenic (FOC-1,FOC-3) and moderately pathogenic (FOC-4,FOC-7). Eight Inter Simple Sequence Repeats primers (ISSRs) were used to determine the genetic variability in seven isolates Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri. The seven primers produced 80 scorable bands. Off 80 bands, 73 bands were polymorphic and average level of polymorphism was 91.25 per cent. In UPGMA analysis, Foc-1 (Wardha) was found to have higher value of similarity coefficient (0.8375) whereas Foc-2 (Lonar) was found to have lower value of similarity coefficient (0.4625). The isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.ciceri were grouped into two major clusters. First group, cluster-A includes isolates belonging to Wardha, Washim and Lonar. Second group, cluster-B includes Nashik, Ahmednagar, Rahuri and Pune. It shows that Foc-1 (Wardha) have higher value of similarity coefficient with Foc-3 (Washim) whereas Foc-2 (Lonar) have lower value of similarity coefficient with Foc-5 (Ahmednagar).The similarity matrix indicated that seven isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.ciceri exhibited in between 46-84 per cent similarity coefficient

EFFECT OF LOWER ETHANOL GASOLINE BLENDS ON PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SINGLE CYLINDER SI ENGINE

Alcohols, basically ethanol is considered as a leading alternative fuel for automotive application because of its ability to reduce the air pollution and cost of the fuel. This paper investigates the effect of lower ethanol gasoline blends (up to 20% by volume) on performance and emission characteristics of the single cylinder four stroke SI engine. Tests were carried out for power, torque, fuel consumption and brake mean effective pressure, while exhaust emissions were analyzed for CO, CO2, and HC by using different ethanol gasoline blends on volume basis at wide open throttle and variable engine speed from 4000 to 8000 rpm. Results were compared with the pure gasoline. It showed that as the ethanol content increases the power, torque, fuel consumption, brake mean effective pressure and CO2 emission while reduces HC and CO emission

A tracking algorithm for the stable spin polarization field in storage rings using stroboscopic averaging

Polarized protons have never been accelerated to more than about $25$GeV. To achieve polarized proton beams in RHIC (250GeV), HERA (820GeV), and the TEVATRON (900GeV), ideas and techniques new to accelerator physics are needed. In this publication we will stress an important aspect of very high energy polarized proton beams, namely the fact that the equilibrium polarization direction can vary substantially across the beam in the interaction region of a high energy experiment when no countermeasure is taken. Such a divergence of the polarization direction would not only diminish the average polarization available to the particle physics experiment, but it would also make the polarization involved in each collision analyzed in a detector strongly dependent on the phase space position of the interacting particle. In order to analyze and compensate this effect, methods for computing the equilibrium polarization direction are needed. In this paper we introduce the method of stroboscopic averaging, which computes this direction in a very efficient way. Since only tracking data is needed, our method can be implemented easily in existing spin tracking programs. Several examples demonstrate the importance of the spin divergence and the applicability of stroboscopic averaging.Comment: 39 page

Snake Bite Complicated By Bacterial Meningitis

Background: Neurotoxic snake bite envenomation is a common life threatening medical emergency in India, especially in the rural areas. Case Presentation: We report a case of a neurotoxic snake envenomation presenting with abdominal pain and neuromuscular paralysis, which developed bacterial meningitis during her stay in the hospital. Possibly, secondary to the snake bite, a very rare incidence. Conclusion: Our case is a step towards the direction pointing to the rare possibility of bacterial meningitis complicating snake bites which needs further research

Quasiperiodic spin-orbit motion and spin tunes in storage rings

We present an in-depth analysis of the concept of spin precession frequency for integrable orbital motion in storage rings. Spin motion on the periodic closed orbit of a storage ring can be analyzed in terms of the Floquet theorem for equations of motion with periodic parameters and a spin precession frequency emerges in a Floquet exponent as an additional frequency of the system. To define a spin precession frequency on nonperiodic synchro-betatron orbits we exploit the important concept of quasiperiodicity. This allows a generalization of the Floquet theorem so that a spin precession frequency can be defined in this case too. This frequency appears in a Floquet-like exponent as an additional frequency in the system in analogy with the case of motion on the closed orbit. These circumstances lead naturally to the definition of the uniform precession rate and a definition of spin tune. A spin tune is a uniform precession rate obtained when certain conditions are fulfilled. Having defined spin tune we define spin-orbit resonance on synchro--betatron orbits and examine its consequences. We give conditions for the existence of uniform precession rates and spin tunes (e.g. where small divisors are controlled by applying a Diophantine condition) and illustrate the various aspects of our description with several examples. The formalism also suggests the use of spectral analysis to ``measure'' spin tune during computer simulations of spin motion on synchro-betatron orbits.Comment: 62 pages, 1 figure. A slight extension of the published versio