Family festivities in Vojvodina during socialism: an anthropological study of holidays, identity and memory

Предмет овог рада је антрополошка анализа породичних свечаности у Војводини у време социјализма. Породичне свечаности посматране су као ритуализоване форме понашања које су утицале на креирање и одржавање индивидуалних и колективних идентитета. Анализирано је неколико карактеристичних празника и ритуала који припадају различитим областима ритуалног живота, са фокусом на кућној прослави у ужем кругу породице и пријатеља. Међу њима је направљена подела на религијске и световне свечаности. У религијске породичне свечаности укључили смо Божић, Ускрс, крсну славу, сеоске – храмовне славе и имендане. Када су световни празници и прославе у питању, узете су у обзир породичне прославе поводом Нове године, Првог маја, социјалистичких (сеоских) слава и рођендана. У истраживању je коришћена методологија заснована на квалитативном приступу, пре свега интервјуи и анализа материјалне културе. Теренско истраживање обухватило је две општине у Војводини. Интервјуи су обављени у Шиду и неколико села у шидској општини, као и у Новом Саду и околини. Основни структурално-формални елементи празника посматрани су кроз њихово место у процесима ритуализације. Ритуали нису изоловане категорије, него су повезани са осталим елементима културе. Велике друштвенополитичке промене које су се догодиле током социјализма донеле су и промене у празничним календарима: увођени су нови, секуларни празници, док религијски празници више нису били признати од стране власти, али су опстали у приватној сфери. У таквим условима, избор одређених ритуалних пракси био је повезан са идентификацијама на личном, породичном, генерацијском, локалном и етничком нивоу. Различити нивои идентификације и њихова укрштања (интерсекције) представљени су у контексту животног тока испитаника. У раду је посебна пажња посвећена анализи материјалне културе, првенствено ритуалних артефаката, који су посматрани кроз однос са другим структурално-формалним елементима ритуала. На крају, као пример наративизације материјалне културе представљена је и етнолошка пракса у Музеју Војводине која се односи на породичне свечаности. Показало се да је у социјалистичком периоду постојала извесна разлика између садржаја музејске презентације путем изложби и осталих видова музеолошког рада, бар када је реч о приступу ритуалној пракси. Та разлика представљена је у контексту реструктурирања перцепције овог сегмента традиционалне прошлости због њеног политичког значаја

Diesel production by fast pyrolysis of miscanthus giganteus, well-to-pump analysis using the greet model

In this paper "well-to-pump" environmental analysis of pyrolytic diesel from Miscanthus gigantheus is performed. The average annual yield of Miscanthus from III-V year of cultivation on 1 ha of chernozem soil in Serbia (23.5 t) is considered as an input for the process. Two pyrolytic diesel pathways are considered: distributed pyrolytic pathway with external hydrogen production (from natural gas) and integrated pyrolytic pathway with internal hydrogen production (from pyrolytic oil). and are compared to a conventionally produced diesel pathway. The results of the analysis reveal that integrated-internal pyrolytic diesel pathway has lowest resources consumption and lowest pollutant emissions. Compared to conventionally produced diesel, integrated-internal pyrolysis pathway consumes 80% less of fossil fuels, and 92% more of renewables, has 90% lower global warming potential, 30% lower terrestrial acidification potential but 38% higher particulate matter formation potential. Compared to the distributed-external pathway, 88% less fossil fuels, and 36% less renewables are consumed in the integrated-internal pathway, global warming potential is 97% lower, terrestrial acidification is 20% lower, and particulate matter formation is 49% lower. Nevertheless, this pathway has high coal and hydroelectrical power consumption due to electricity production and high emissions of particulate matter, CO2, SOx, and N2O. Another drawback of this production pathway is the low yield of diesel obtained (38% lower than in distributed-external pathway). With this regard, it is still hard to designate production of diesel from fast pyrolysis of Miscanthus as a more environmentally friendly replacement of the conventional production diesel pathway

Comparative investigations of immune response of calves at different intervals between primary and secondary immunization using inactivated bovine herpes virus 1 vaccine

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is one of the most siginificant causes of infections of the respiratory tract of cattle and immunoprophylaxis has a key role in curbing this infection. The intensity of the immune response against BHV-1 following immunization using inactivated commercial vaccines varies depending on the type of vaccine, but it is generally believed that they provide good protection from the development of the clinical form of the infection, and that they are safe. The paper present the development of the humoral immune response in fattening calves that were immunized against bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) at different time intervals between the primary and the secondary immunization. Calves were administered a commercial vaccine, and then they were divided into two groups which were revaccinated on days 14 or 21. Over a course of the 120 days of the duration of the experiment, blood and nasal mucus were sampled 11 times. The blood serum samples were examined for antibodies to BHV-1 using the virus neutralization (VN) test, and the nasal mucus samples were analyzed using the VN test and the ELISA method. Following revaccination, it was established that there was an increase in the antibody titer in blood of all experimental animals, and it was maintained at a high level up until the very end of the experiment (day 120). In the blood serums, maximum mean values for the antibody titer were determined on day 30 in the group that was revaccinated on day 14, and on day 45 in the group of calves revaccinated on day 21. In nasal mucus, antibodies were established at the earliest, using the virus neutralization test, on day 14 following vaccination, and using the ELISA method only after revaccination. The highest antibody titer in nasal mucus was established on day 45 in the group revaccinated on day 21, and on day 120 in the group revaccinated on day 14. Based on the established antibody titer values, calves can be revaccinated using the inactivated BHV-1 vaccine already on day 14. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 31084

Influence of Intensive Animal Breeding to the Appearance of Infectious Diseases (Zoonoses)

Intensive animal breeding and production is based on farm breeding of animals which represents a major source of raw material for food production. Preserving health of animals requires a good practice during breeding, appropriate feeding and watering, adequate control of pests and wild animals. Animal breeding and production of food of animal origin requires significant engagement of veterinary services within the frame of epizootiological, epidemiological, veterinary and sanitary surveillance. Farm manner of cattle breeding can represent a danger of air, water and ground contamination. In the farms situated in a small space, overcrowded with animals there are ideal conditions for the appearance and spreading of causative agent of infectious diseases (prions, viruses, rickettsiae, chlamydia, bacteria, parasites and fungi), which can be transmitted also to humans and wild animals. From the aspect of public health, special attention should be given to the farms with large number of animals and farms with intensive breeding conditions. This is especially important in pig and poultry breeding, where moderate or high prevalence of infections such as salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis are often present, regardless of the fact that the level of clinical illness caused by these infections is relatively low. Intensive production in animal husbandry leads to increased animal waste, and the richest source of infectious agents represents animal feces

Mesenchymal stem cell properties of dental pulp cells from deciduous teeth

In the present study we have isolated and identified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the exfoliated deciduous teeth dental pulp (DP-MSCs), as plastic-adherent, spindle-shaped cells with a high proliferative potential. Immunophenotype analyses revealed that DP-MSCs were positive for mesenchymal cell markers (CD90, CD44, CD105, STRO-1, vimentin and α-SMA), and negative for hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD11b, CD33, CD34, CD45, CD235a). DPMSCs were also capable of differentiating into adipogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic and osteogenic lineages, fulfilling the functional criterion for their characterization. These results demonstrate that DP-MSCs offer a valuable, readily accessible source to obtain and store adult stem cells for future use

Element Mapping and Biomarker Analyses in an Early Byzantine City (Caričin Grad, Serbia)

Soil analyses have a high potential to contribute to the investigation of daily life in ancient settlements. They can help to locate areas of food production, areas of waste disposal, latrines, stables and further functional areas. However, the applicability of these analyses is still restricted by a limited number of studies and a limited knowledge of their validity. In a multi-disciplinary project investigating the daily life in an early byzantine city (Caričin Grad), a multi-element-mapping and biomarker analyses were performed. The study focused on a comparison of the soil data with the data from other disciplines. The Caričin Grad Caričin Grad site in southern Serbia offered excellent conditions for this methodological study. It is supposed to be identical to Iustiniana Prima, an administrative center founded by the emperor Justinian. The period of occupation covered less than 90 years from circa 530 to 615 AD. The site remained undisturbed from later settlement encroachments. Therefore, it allows a rare archaeological ’snapshot’ of a short period of very intensive use. By analyses of the amounts of total organic carbon, total phosphorus and further elements (aqua-regia extraction), it was possible to divide different functional areas within the city. Element ratios and biomarkers including faecal steroids were used to get information on the specific use of the functional areas as well as on animal husbandry within the settlement. Data of soil analyses were compared and correlated with data that were obtained by consequent single point measurement and examination of the archaeological remains, 3D photography of the structures as well as archaeobotanical and archaeozoological analyses

Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from human periodontal ligament

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from human periodontal ligament (hPDL-MSCs) and characterized by their morphology, clonogenic efficiency, proliferation and differentiation capabilities. hPDL-MSCs, derived from normal impacted third molars, possessed all of the properties of MSC, including clonogenic ability, high proliferation rate and multi-lineage (osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, myogenic) differentiation potential. Moreover, hPDL-MSCs expressed a typical MSC epitope profile, being positive for mesenchymal cell markers (CD44H, CD90, CD105, CD73, CD29, Stro-1, fibronectin, vimentin, alpha-SMA), and negative for hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD34, CD11b, CD45, Glycophorin-CD235a). Additionally, hPDL-MSCs, as primitive and highly multipotent cells, showed high expression of embryonic markers (Nanog, Sox2, SSEA4). The data obtained provided yet further proof that cells with mesenchymal properties can be obtained from periodontal ligament tissue. Although these cells should be further investigated to determine their clinical significance, hPDL-MSCs are believed to provide a renewable and promising cell source for new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of periodontal defects

Kultivacija matičnih i progenitorskih ćelija hematopoeze iz kostne srži hrčka

Hamster, a hibernating animal, is an important experimental model in research on the influence of hypothermia on different physiological processes. A simple procedure for cultivation and identification of hamster hematopoetic stem cells (HSC) and hematopoetic progenitor cells (HPC) is a premise for a successful investigation upon hypothermia effects on hematopoiesis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the utilization of commercially available methylcellulose media (MC) and recombinant mouse and human cytokines for hamster HSC and HPC assays, in order to enable further studies on these cells. Hamster bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) were plated in MC containing cytokines that support mouse or human HPC growth. Also, BMMNC were resuspended in cytokine supplemented liquid media and incubated for 5 weeks with a four day monitoring of viable cell number. We demonstrated that hamster hematopoietic progenitor cells committed for erythroid lineage and myeloid lineage successfully formed recognizable colonies in both mouse and human MC, while multipotent progenitor cells formed colonies only in mouse MC. We also defined conditions for the evaluation of hamster HSC activity in liquid cultures, based on continuous 5 weeks HSC proliferation. The obtained results verify the utilization of mouse specific MC for further research on hamster HPC biology during hypothermia.Fiziološka hibernacija u koju hrčci ulaze prilikom izlaganja niskim temperaturama, čini ove životinje zanimljivim eksperimentalnim modelom za ispitivanje hematopoeze u uslovima hipotermije. Preduslov za ovo ispitivanje je postojanje jednostavne metode za kultivaciju i identifikaciju hematopoetskih ćelija hrčka. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita mogućnost kultivacije progenitorskih ćelija hematopoeze hrčka u kompletnoj metil celulozi dizajniranoj za kultivaciju mišijih i humanih hematopoetskih ćelija, kao i da se odrede optimalni uslovi za kultivaciju matičnih ćelija hematopoeze hrčka u tečnoj kulturi. Mononuklearne ćelije kostne srži hrčka su posađene u metil celulozu i u tečnu kulturu. Oba medijuma su sadržala kombinacije rekombinantnih mišijih i/ili humanih citokina. Kolonije progenitorskih ćelija opredeljenih za mijelopoezu i opredeljenih za eritropoezu su se formirale u metil celulozi dizajniranoj za kultivaciju mišijih i humanih hematopoetskih ćelija, dok su se primitivnije kolonije sastavljene od oba tipa ćelija (mijeloidna i eritrocitna loza) formirale samo u metil celulozi dizajniranoj za kultivaciju mišijih hematopoetskih ćelija. Osim toga, populacija matičnih ćelija hematopoeze hrčka je proliferisala u tečnim kulturama tokom 5 nedelja bez znakova opadanja proliferativnog potencijala. Ova istraživanja pokazuju da se primenjene metode mogu uspešno koristiti za ispitivanje hematopoeze kod hrčka

Using electric current to surpass the microstructure breakup limit

The elongated droplets and grains can break up into smaller ones. This process is driven by the interfacial free energy minimization, which gives rise to a breakup limit. We demonstrated in this work that the breakup limit can be overpassed drastically by using electric current to interfere. Electric current free energy is dependent on the microstructure configuration. The breakup causes the electric current free energy to reduce in some cases. This compensates the increment of interfacial free energy during breaking up and enables the processing to achieve finer microstructure. With engineering practical electric current parameters, our calculation revealed a significant increment of the obtainable number of particles, showing electric current a powerful microstructure refinement technology. The calculation is validated by our experiments on the breakup of Fe3C-plates in Fe matrix. Furthermore, there is a parameter range that electric current can drive spherical particles to split into smaller ones