Labor and youth: contradictions, problems and solutions — philosophical view

В статье рассматриваются проблемные точки существования современной молодежи в труде в условиях постмодернистского социокультурного сдвига. Обосновывается возможность формирования в молодежной среде трудового человека нового типа способного к преодолению наличествующих противоречий в системе молодежного труда.The author considers the problem points of the existence modern youth in work in the conditions of postmodern socio-cultural shift. Substantiates the possibility of formation among the youth a new type working man, capable of overcoming the contradictions in the system youth labor

Regularities of filtration of sunflower oil with the use of vibroacoustic exposure

The residue in sunflower oil is a dispersed phase consisting of particulate products grinding sunflower seeds in the form of particles of the pulp, oil cake, meal, residual quantities of metals, pesticides. In the recycling process they are in the oil in suspension and negatively affect its quality. For research an experimental setup was developed allowing to change the angle of inclination of the filter element. The regularities of filtration were determined without preliminary purification of sunflower oil by centrifugation and after centrifugation. It is established, the contamination of centrifuged oil in the initial period is 14.6 times lower. After 10 minutes of treatment, it decreases by 62%, after 20 minutes – by 79.4%. With a 30-minute treatment, particles of 0.005-0.1 mm in size are removed to 90%, which is approximated to the refined oil in terms of contamination. The influence of vibration-acoustic action on sunflower oil during its filtration is shown. At the last stage of production, the peroxide index is reduced to 2-3 moles of active oxygen, and after 3 months of storage – from 11.8 to 7.7, which according to GOST corresponds to the highest-grade oil. The regularities of the filtration without pre-treatment of sunflower oil by centrifugation and after centrifugation. Shows the effect of vibroacoustic exposure on sunflower oil when filtering. The obtained data on the change of qualitative parameters of sunflower oil during its filtration in the field of vibroacoustic impact

Media and Information Literacy of Young Students in the Post-Truth Era

The article is devoted to the study of media and information literacy of young people studying in the contemporary period. The paper actualizes the problem of disseminating such information on the Internet, which is of negative nature. The authors believe that the legal regulation of spreading information on the Internet is possible taking into account the state of media and information literacy of citizens and the specifics of the functioning of information, which is characterized by a special state of society in the post-truth era. In present-day information environment, there is an appeal to emotions and beliefs. The purpose of the study is to identify the current state and problems of media and information literacy of students in the post–truth era. Based on the theoretical analysis and the results of the study, the authors determine the channels of obtaining information in the virtual space that are relevant to young people and the level of trust in them; the involvement of students in online communication in social networks and the presence of threat-recognition skills. The scientific novelty of the conducted research is to assess the current state and identify the problems of media and information literacy of students in the conditions of post–truth at the regional level. The results can be useful for identifying the risk groups among young students, developing methods for the safe use of digital content, and preventing the spread of destructive Internet practices among young people

Повышение износостойкости и прочности на изгиб ножей к центробежным свеклорезкам

The efficiency of sugar production depends largely on the state of beet chips obtained from a centrifugal sugar beet cutter. It is shown that a one-shift operation of defective knives may result in a loss of up to 28-30 percent of sucrose. (Research purpose) To establish quality indicators of beet chips obtained from a centrifugal beet cutter, to improve a design and production technology of knives with increased physical and mechanical characteristics. (Materials and methods) The authors identified the reasons leading to the deterioration of the knife parameters and ensuring the quality of sugar beet cutting. To increase the indicators of wear resistance and bending strength of the cutting edges, the knife design was modified and a new technology of knife manufacturing was offered. The authors theoretically and experimentally proved the feasibility of replacing the manufacturing technology of the cutting edges of knives - from cutting to plastic deformation in die tooling. (Results and discussion) The authors have determined the mechanism and consequences of the wear and breakage of cutting points and the deformation and breakage of cutting edges of sugar beet knives. The technology of edge die stamping with special equipment was offered. The design of tooling for die stamping and machining of knife’s cutting edges was developed and experimentally tested in production conditions. (Conclusions) The authors offered the methods of strengthening cutting edges of knives with die casting, as well as offered solutions to the design problems of knife manufacturing using special high-performance and resource-saving equipment. The main physical and mechanical characteristics of sugar beet knives manufactured according to conventional and improved technologies have been experimentally determined and tested under operating conditions. The authors show the advantages of the cutting edges of sugar beet knives manufactured according to the improved technology; the study has proved an increase in microhardness by 14 percent and an increase in bending strength by 30 percent.Эффективность производства сахара во многом зависит от состояния свекловичной стружки, полученной при измельчении сахарной свеклы в центробежной свеклорезке. Показали, что уже к концу односменной наработки дефектное состояние ножей ведет к недобору до 28-30 процентов сахарозы. (Цель исследования) Установить качественные показатели свекловичной стружки, измельченной в центробежной свеклорезке, усовершенствовать конструкцию и технологию изготовления ножей с повышенными физико-механическими характеристиками. (Материалы и методы) Выявили причины, ухудшающие параметры ножей и качество измельчения сахарной свеклы в режущем аппарате. Для повышения прочности и износостойкости на изгиб режущих граней ножа усовершенствовали конструкцию ножа и предложили новую технологию его изготовления. Теоретически и экспериментально обосновали целесообразность замены технологии изготовления режущих граней резанием на обработку пластической деформацией в штамповой оснастке. (Результаты и обсуждение) Определили механизм и последствия изнашивания и поломок режущих кромок, деформации и поломок режущих граней ножей для измельчения сахарной свеклы. Усовершенствовали технологию штамповки граней в специальной оснастке. Разработали и экспериментально проверили в производственных условиях конструкцию оснастки для штамповки и механической обработки режущих граней ножа. (Выводы) Предложили упрочняющие методы обработки режущих граней ножей штамповкой. Решили вопросы конструктивного обеспечения технологии изготовления ножей специальной высокопроизводительной и ресурсосберегающей оснасткой. Экспериментально определили и проверили в условиях эксплуатации основные физико-механические показатели ножей для измельчения сахарной свеклы, изготовленных по традиционной и экспериментальной технологиям. Показали преимущества режущих граней ножей для измельчения сахарной свеклы, сделанных по усовершенствованной технологии: увеличение микротвердости на 14 процентов и повышение выносливости на изгиб на 30 процентов

Experience in Building Infectious Hospital for Treatment of Particularly Dangerous Infectious Diseases in the Republic of Guinea

Ebola treatment hospital was constructed within the frames of the West Africa support infinitive of the Russian Federation, in cooperation with the United Company “RUSAL”. Permanent building with bed capacity rated 60 and strict separation of clean area from hazard zone set this medical facility apart from tent camps, which are used by international organizations. For the first time ever, in West Africa, deployed was a strategy of waste decontamination using caustic. It is of note that due to biological safety procedure compliance, no case of nosocomial infection was registered during the whole time of operation. Commissioning of this hospital is an effective mechanism for Ebola virus disease control

ФОТОДИНАМИЧЕСКАЯ ИНАКТИВАЦИЯ MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS РАДАХЛОРИНОМ IN VITRO

Goal: to detect the best mode of in vitro photodynamic inactivation of M. tuberculosis by Radahlorin.Subjects and methods. The activity of culture of M. tuberculosis, H37Rv strain, photosensitized by 0.00005% Radohlorin was compared and the intensity of growth was assessed after photodynamic inactivation by different doses of light energy with 662 nm wavelength.Results. For the first time, anti-microbial properties of E6 chlorine in the form of medicamental photosensitizer (0.00005% Radohlorin) suppressing museum strain of M. tuberculosis of H37Rv were detected. Photoinactivation of M. tuberculosis depends on the dose and achieves its maximum in 10 minutes of light exposure with light energy of 0.5 W. Цель: выявить оптимальный режим фотодинамической инактивации (ФДИ) M. tuberculosis радахлорином in vitro.Материалы и методы. Проведен сравнительный анализ культуральной активности M. tuberculosis H37Rv, фотосенсибилизированных радахло- рином 0,00005%, с оценкой интенсивности роста после ФДИ различными дозами световой энергии с длиной волны 662 нм.Результаты. Впервые выявлены антимикобактериальные свойства хлорина Е6 в виде лекарственного фотосенсибилизатора (радахлорин 0,00005%) в отношении музейного штамма M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Фотоинактивация возбудителя дозозависима и достигает предельных значений через 10 мин светового воздействия при мощности световой энергии 0,5 Вт.