Urban regeneration of public open spaces of Podgorica

Предмет докторске дисертације је истраживање сложеног односа отворених јавних градских простора наслеђених суседства колективног становања у блоковима из друге половине 20. века и свакодневног друштвеног живота, односно облика друштвене интеракције као образаца употребе јавних градских простора суседства. Проблеми у градским просторима суседства се испољавају на друштвеном и просторном нивоу кроз: отуђеност становника, недостатак заједничких активности и боравка у отвореним јавним просторима суседства, ниском степену виталности, изостанак адекватног одржавања и смањеној сигурности. У непрекидном двосмерном процесу људи креирају и мењају простор док у исто време простор утиче и мења људе. Као што физички простор представља резултат друштвених процеса и промена, тако и људско понашање одређује физички, али и друштвени и културни контекст. Полази се од претпоставке да се за могућу просторну трансформацију колективног суседства приступа са становишта преобликовања социо просторних односа на којима се заснивају обрасци употребе јавног простора суседства. Обзиром да је предуслов социјалних дешавања истовремено присуство актера- корисника простора, истражује се међуоднос физичких карактеристика урбане структуре и архитектуре која формира отворене јавне просторе, са активностима корисника које се у њима одвијају, кроз симболички садржај који настаје у контексту повремених и свакодневних активности, понављајућих у времену, везаних за трасиране путање у простору и могућности актера. Истраживачки рад је спроведен комбиновањем више научних метода и техника применљивих на пољу урбанизма, архитектуре и друштвених наука. Анализа одређености просторне форме суседства исказује се кроз универзално применљиву типологију, засновану на просторним и социолошким теоријама о односима урбаног простора и друштвених процеса, применљиву за просторе који различито генеришу обрасце присуства сусрета и окупљања људи. Разумевање релација људског понашања кроз капацитет отвореног простора суседства доприноси квалитетнијем обликовању отворених простора а нарочито унапређењу виталности јавних простора града...The topic of the doctoral thesis is the research on the complex relationship between public open spaces in inherited collective housing neighborhood blocks built in the second half of the 20th century and everyday social life, as well as the forms of social interaction as patterns of use of urban public spaces in collective housing neighborhoods. The issues in urban neighborhood spaces are manifested both at social and spatial level through the alienation of the population, the lack of joint activities and stay in the neighborhood public open, a low level of vitality, a lack of adequate maintenance and reduced safety. In a continuous two-way process people create and modify space while at the same time, space affects and changes people. Even as the physical space represents the result of social processes and changes, so is the human behavior determined by physical, but also social and cultural context. The assumption is that spatial transformation of collective neighborhoods could be approached from the standpoint of transformation of socio spatial relationships underlying the patterns of use of neighborhood public open spaces. Given that the prerequisite for social events is the presence of actors-users of space, the interplay between the physical characteristics of urban structure and architecture that forms public open spaces and the users` activities that are being carried out through the symbolic content arising from the context of occasional and every day activities, recurring in time, related to the paths traced in space and actors abilities. The research work was carried out by combining several scientific methods and techniques applicable in the field of urban planning, architecture and social sciences. The analysis of the neighborhood spatial form determinants is represented by the universally applicable typology based on spatial and sociological theories about the relationship of urban space and social processes, applicable to areas that generate patterns of people encounters and gatherings. Understanding the relation between human behaviors through the capacity of neighborhood open space contributes to the quality of the open spaces design and especially to enhancing the vitality of the city public spaces. The purpose is to obtain scientifically based approach to the public space design in a view o f i ts u se t hat m ay be b eneficial t o u rban p lanners i n t he p rocess o f u rban regeneration and redesign..

Geographical and biological analysis of the water quality of Moravica spring in the Sokobanjska Moravica drainage basin, Serbia

In this work we performed a geographical analysis of the Moravica spring locality in the Sokobanjska Moravica drainage basin in Serbia, as well as an analysis of the physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the water during a one-year period. The basic sanitary characteristics and physical, chemical, and biological parameters, necessary for understanding locality conditions, were studied, and the saprobity index, class of quality, O/H index, degree of saprobity, degree of trophicity, and category based on the phosphatase activity index (PAI) were determined. Our results point to the need for continual monitoring of the water quality in the spring locality

Geographical and biological analysis of the water quality of Moravica spring in the Sokobanjska Moravica drainage basin, Serbia

In this work we performed a geographical analysis of the Moravica spring locality in the Sokobanjska Moravica drainage basin in Serbia, as well as an analysis of the physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the water during a one-year period. The basic sanitary characteristics and physical, chemical, and biological parameters, necessary for understanding locality conditions, were studied, and the saprobity index, class of quality, O/H index, degree of saprobity, degree of trophicity, and category based on the phosphatase activity index (PAI) were determined. Our results point to the need for continual monitoring of the water quality in the spring locality

Numerical simulation of "an American haboob"

A dust storm of fearful proportions hit Phoenix in the early evening hours of 5 July 2011. This storm, an American haboob, was predicted hours in advance because numerical, land-atmosphere modeling, computing power and remote sensing of dust events have improved greatly over the past decade. High-resolution numerical models are required for accurate simulation of the small scales of the haboob process, with high velocity surface winds produced by strong convection and severe downbursts. Dust productive areas in this region consist mainly of agricultural fields, with soil surfaces disturbed by plowing and tracks of land in the high Sonoran Desert laid barren by ongoing draught. Model simulation of the 5 July 2011 dust storm uses the coupled atmospheric-dust model NMME-DREAM (Non-hydrostatic Mesoscale Model on E grid, Janjic et al., 2001; Dust REgional Atmospheric Model, Nickovic et al., 2001; Perez et al., 2006) with 4 km horizontal resolution. A mask of the potentially dust productive regions is obtained from the land cover and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The scope of this paper is validation of the dust model performance, and not use of the model as a tool to investigate mechanisms related to the storm. Results demonstrate the potential technical capacity and availability of the relevant data to build an operational system for dust storm forecasting as a part of a warning system. Model results are compared with radar and other satellite-based images and surface meteorological and PM10 observations. The atmospheric model successfully hindcasted the position of the front in space and time, with about 1 h late arrival in Phoenix. The dust model predicted the rapid uptake of dust and high values of dust concentration in the ensuing storm. South of Phoenix, over the closest source regions (similar to 25 km), the model PM10 surface dust concentration reached similar to 2500 mu g m(-3), but underestimated the values measured by the PM10 stations within the city. Model results are also validated by the MODIS aerosol optical depth (AOD), employing deep blue (DB) algorithms for aerosol loadings. Model validation included Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO), equipped with the lidar instrument, to disclose the vertical structure of dust aerosols as well as aerosol subtypes. Promising results encourage further research and application of high-resolution modeling and satellite-based remote sensing to warn of approaching severe dust events and reduce risks for safety and health

Culinary preparation and processing of meat with wooden breast myopathy

Recently, poultry meat production and consumption has become increased worldwide. Decades of intensive selection in poultry breeding resulted in fast-growing broilers, improved food conversion, low production costs, and high yield of breast meat, as the most valuable part of the carcass. Some side-effects of intensive production and rapid growth of broilers include the appearance of myopathies in breast muscle. Increasing attention has been paid to the defect known as "wooden breast" (WB) due its incidence and severity of anomaly. WB is characterized by the hardness and pale colour of the fillet. These changes lower the consumer acceptance of the meat, and a pronounced WB is unsuitable for culinary and industrial processing. Different procedures can be used to tenderize the meat and include physical and chemical procedures, often combined in industry. Physical procedures comprise the application of heating, mechanical force, ultrasound, electric stimulation, hydrodynamic shock wave-pressure technology, high pressure processing, and pulsed electric field. Chemical procedures include marinating, exposure to the endogenous enzymes, and the use of exoenzymes. In the future, it is necessary to develop optimal tenderizing techniques or combinations of different tenderizing techniques to achieve better sensory quality and improved nutritional value of WB

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM AND THERIOAPHIS TRIFOLII (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) ABUNDANCE IN ALFALFA CROPS: A CASE STUDY IN NORTHERN SERBIA

Populations of the most abundant alfalfa aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum and Therioaphis trifolii, have periodic fluctuations, and many factors affect their dynamics. In the present study, we examined the impact of daily air temperatures on the abundance of two alfalfa aphids in field conditions. The numbers of these two aphids on alfalfa were documented at two locations in a representative alfalfa growing area in Serbia during a three-year field study. Based on the records of aphid abundance and daily air temperatures during the whole study, it was found that a correlation between the sum of optimal daily air temperatures for aphid development, the sum of maximum daily air temperatures and the number of recorded aphid peaks was significant and can therefore be considered for the detection of suitable temperature conditions to increase aphid abundance. The study shows that the highest correlations were between a high density of A. pisum and the sum of optimal daily air temperatures for its development (Ck=0.569) and between a high density of T. trifolii and the sum of maximum daily air temperatures (Ck=0.595). The length of time required for the growth of populations of the two alfalfa aphids differed: 30 days for A. pisum and 5 days for T. trifolii. The association of temperature data to alfalfa aphid abundance enables a projection of their population behavior in changed future climate conditions. This study suggests increased population sizes of T. trifolii and decreased population sizes of A. pisum on alfalfa under the warmer conditions that are expected to prevail in the future. © 2022 Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade). All rights reserved

Urban regeneration of public open spaces of Podgorica

Предмет докторске дисертације је истраживање сложеног односа отворених јавних градских простора наслеђених суседства колективног становања у блоковима из друге половине 20. века и свакодневног друштвеног живота, односно облика друштвене интеракције као образаца употребе јавних градских простора суседства. Проблеми у градским просторима суседства се испољавају на друштвеном и просторном нивоу кроз: отуђеност становника, недостатак заједничких активности и боравка у отвореним јавним просторима суседства, ниском степену виталности, изостанак адекватног одржавања и смањеној сигурности. У непрекидном двосмерном процесу људи креирају и мењају простор док у исто време простор утиче и мења људе. Као што физички простор представља резултат друштвених процеса и промена, тако и људско понашање одређује физички, али и друштвени и културни контекст. Полази се од претпоставке да се за могућу просторну трансформацију колективног суседства приступа са становишта преобликовања социо просторних односа на којима се заснивају обрасци употребе јавног простора суседства. Обзиром да је предуслов социјалних дешавања истовремено присуство актера- корисника простора, истражује се међуоднос физичких карактеристика урбане структуре и архитектуре која формира отворене јавне просторе, са активностима корисника које се у њима одвијају, кроз симболички садржај који настаје у контексту повремених и свакодневних активности, понављајућих у времену, везаних за трасиране путање у простору и могућности актера. Истраживачки рад је спроведен комбиновањем више научних метода и техника применљивих на пољу урбанизма, архитектуре и друштвених наука. Анализа одређености просторне форме суседства исказује се кроз универзално применљиву типологију, засновану на просторним и социолошким теоријама о односима урбаног простора и друштвених процеса, применљиву за просторе који различито генеришу обрасце присуства сусрета и окупљања људи. Разумевање релација људског понашања кроз капацитет отвореног простора суседства доприноси квалитетнијем обликовању отворених простора а нарочито унапређењу виталности јавних простора града...The topic of the doctoral thesis is the research on the complex relationship between public open spaces in inherited collective housing neighborhood blocks built in the second half of the 20th century and everyday social life, as well as the forms of social interaction as patterns of use of urban public spaces in collective housing neighborhoods. The issues in urban neighborhood spaces are manifested both at social and spatial level through the alienation of the population, the lack of joint activities and stay in the neighborhood public open, a low level of vitality, a lack of adequate maintenance and reduced safety. In a continuous two-way process people create and modify space while at the same time, space affects and changes people. Even as the physical space represents the result of social processes and changes, so is the human behavior determined by physical, but also social and cultural context. The assumption is that spatial transformation of collective neighborhoods could be approached from the standpoint of transformation of socio spatial relationships underlying the patterns of use of neighborhood public open spaces. Given that the prerequisite for social events is the presence of actors-users of space, the interplay between the physical characteristics of urban structure and architecture that forms public open spaces and the users` activities that are being carried out through the symbolic content arising from the context of occasional and every day activities, recurring in time, related to the paths traced in space and actors abilities. The research work was carried out by combining several scientific methods and techniques applicable in the field of urban planning, architecture and social sciences. The analysis of the neighborhood spatial form determinants is represented by the universally applicable typology based on spatial and sociological theories about the relationship of urban space and social processes, applicable to areas that generate patterns of people encounters and gatherings. Understanding the relation between human behaviors through the capacity of neighborhood open space contributes to the quality of the open spaces design and especially to enhancing the vitality of the city public spaces. The purpose is to obtain scientifically based approach to the public space design in a view o f i ts u se t hat m ay be b eneficial t o u rban p lanners i n t he p rocess o f u rban regeneration and redesign..

Transition and organizational dissonance in Serbia

“The final, definitive version of this article has been published in the Journal, Human Relations, 60 (10), 2007, Copyright The Tavistock Institute, on SAGE Journals Online: http://online.sagepub.com/ " DOI: 10.1177/0018726707083477Peer reviewe

Modern Slavery - Trafficking in human beings in Serbia

Drawing on a unique collection of both quantitative and qualitative data related to human trafficking, the paper attempts to evaluate not only the dynamics, forms and patterns of human trafficking in Serbia, but also the development of a national legal frame-work in the country. The most important factors that contribute to human trafficking in Serbia are its geographical position, poor social and economic conditions, and social marginalisation of vulnerable groups on one hand and, the ineffective functioning of state institutions in the eradication and prevention of human trafficking on the other