Resonance phenomena of a solitonlike extended object in a bistable potential

We investigate the dynamics of a soliton that behaves as an extended particle. The soliton motion in an effective bistable potential can be chaotic in a similar way as the Duffing oscillator. We generalize the concept of geometrical resonance to spatiotemporal systems and apply it to design a nonfeedback mechanism of chaos control using localized perturbations.We show the existence of solitonic stochastic resonance.Comment: 3 postscript figure

Efectos del entrenamiento en conciencia fonológica y velocidad de denominación sobre la lectura. Un estudio longitudinal

Existen una serie de predictores que contribuyen directamente a la precisión y a la velocidad lectora. En este trabajo se analizan los efectos que un programa de instrucción en dos de dichos predictores, “conciencia fonológica” y “velocidad de denominación”, tienen sobre el aprendizaje de la lectura. Los participantes fueron 326 escolares (171 del grupo experimental y 155 del grupo control) que cursaban 2º y 3º de educación infantil y primero de primaria al comenzar la instrucción. Procedían de cuatro colegios (dos públicos y dos concertados). El grupo experimental recibió entrenamiento explícito en conciencia fonológica y velocidad de denominación durante tres cursos, dos días a la semana. El grupo control siguió el plan curricular ofi cial. El grupo experimental obtuvo puntuaciones signifi cativamente más altas que el grupo control en las pruebas de conciencia fonológica y denominación rápida, y obtuvo mejores puntuaciones en tareas de lectura en los tres primeros cursos de primaria. Los resultados indican que la intervención explícita mejora la precisión y velocidad en la lectura de palabras y de pseudopalabras y orientan la intervención en el aula.Reading predictors directly contribute to reading accuracy and speed. This study analyses the effect of an instructional programme aimed at improving two of these reading predictors, phonological awareness and naming speed. Participants were 326 children (171 in the experimental group and 155 in the control group) in grades second and third year preschool and fi rst year primary school at the onset. They attended four schools (2 public and 2 private). The experimental group was explicitly trained in phonological awareness and naming speed during three consecutive years two days a week. The control group followed the offi cial curriculum. Results show that this explicit intervention improves words and pseudowords reading accuracy and speed and provides keys for future intervention

Discapacidad vocal

En el momento actual disponemos de herramientas precisas para diagnosticar y valorar los trastornos de la voz. Esto nos permite desarrollar un plan de tratamiento dirigido a cada problema concreto. No obstante, es preciso establecer además del diagnóstico, la severidad de esa disfonía y en que medida influye este trastorno en la vida del paciente. Se revisan los conceptos de deficiencia, discapacidad y minusvalía en relación con los trastornos de la voz y de acuerdo con herramientas contrastadas y validadas para establecer el grado de afectación de la voz en cada trastorno concreto. Se revisan las escalas del GRABS, el índice de severidad de la disfonía (SDI) y el índice de disfunción vocal. El empleo de dichas herramientas así como de la utilización de la terminología aprobada recientemente por la OMS en la clasificación internacional del funcionamiento de la discapacidad y de la salud permitirán establecer grados de severidad de la disfonía y planificar tratamientos integrales más eficaces

Performance of the CMS Level-1 trigger during commissioning with cosmic ray muons and LHC beams

52 páginas, 25 figuras.-- Open Access.-- CMS Collaboration: et al.The CMS Level-1 trigger was used to select cosmic ray muons and LHC beam events during data-taking runs in 2008, and to estimate the level of detector noise. This paper describes the trigger components used, the algorithms that were executed, and the trigger synchronisation. Using data from extended cosmic ray runs, the muon, electron/photon, and jet triggers have been validated, and their performance evaluated. Efficiencies were found to be high, resolutions were found to be good, and rates as expected.Acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.Peer reviewe

Fine synchronization of the CMS muon drift-tube local trigger using cosmic rays

33 páginas, 12 figuras.-- Open Access.-- CMS Collaboration: et al.The CMS experiment uses self-triggering arrays of drift tubes in the barrel muon trigger to perform the identification of the correct bunch crossing. The identification is unique only if the trigger chain is correctly synchronized. In this paper, the synchronization performed during an extended cosmic ray run is described and the results are reported. The random arrival time of cosmic ray muons allowed several synchronization aspects to be studied and a simple method for the fine synchronization of the Drift Tube Local Trigger at LHC to be developed.Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.Peer reviewe

Commissioning and performance of the CMS silicon strip tracker with cosmic ray muons

46 páginas, 17 figuras, 8 tablas.-- Open Access.-- CMS Collaboration: et al.During autumn 2008, the Silicon Strip Tracker was operated with the full CMS experiment in a comprehensive test, in the presence of the 3.8 T magnetic field produced by the CMS superconducting solenoid. Cosmic ray muons were detected in the muon chambers and used to trigger the readout of all CMS sub-detectors. About 15 million events with a muon in the tracker were collected. The efficiency of hit and track reconstruction were measured to be higher than 99% and consistent with expectations from Monte Carlo simulation. This article details the commissioning and performance of the Silicon Strip Tracker with cosmic ray muons.Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.Peer reviewe

Alignment of the CMS muon system with cosmic-ray and beam-halo muons

43 páginas, 11 figuras, 6 tablas.-- Open Access.-- CMS Collaboration: et al.The CMS muon system has been aligned using cosmic-ray muons collected in 2008 and beam-halo muons from the 2008 LHC circulating beam tests. After alignment, the resolution of the most sensitive coordinate is 80 microns for the relative positions of superlayers in the same barrel chamber and 270 microns for the relative positions of endcap chambers in the same ring structure. The resolution on the position of the central barrel chambers relative to the tracker is comprised between two extreme estimates, 200 and 700 microns, provided by two complementary studies. With minor modifications, the alignment procedures can be applied using muons from LHC collisions, leading to additional significant improvements.Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.Peer reviewe

Alignment of the CMS silicon tracker during commissioning with cosmic rays

42 páginas, 15 figuras, 3 tablas.-- Open Access.-- CMS Collaboration: et al.The CMS silicon tracker, consisting of 1440 silicon pixel and 15 148 silicon strip detector modules, has been aligned using more than three million cosmic ray charged particles, with additional information from optical surveys. The positions of the modules were determined with respect to cosmic ray trajectories to an average precision of 3–4 microns RMS in the barrel and 3–14 microns RMS in the endcap in the most sensitive coordinate. The results have been validated by several studies, including laser beam cross-checks, track fit self-consistency, track residuals in overlapping module regions, and track parameter resolution, and are compared with predictions obtained from simulation. Correlated systematic effects have been investigated. The track parameter resolutions obtained with this alignment are close to the design performance.Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.Peer reviewe

Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in cosmic-ray events

48 páginas, 23 figuras, 3 tablas.-- Open Access.-- CMS Collaboration: et al.The performance of muon reconstruction in CMS is evaluated using a large data sample of cosmic-ray muons recorded in 2008. Efficiencies of various high-level trigger, identification, and reconstruction algorithms have been measured for a broad range of muon momenta, and were found to be in good agreement with expectations from Monte Carlo simulation. The relative momentum resolution for muons crossing the barrel part of the detector is better than 1% at 10 GeV/c and is about 8% at 500 GeV/c, the latter being only a factor of two worse than expected with ideal alignment conditions. Muon charge misassignment ranges from less than 0.01% at 10 GeV/c to about 1% at 500 GeV/c.Acknowledge support from:FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.Peer reviewe

Performance of the CMS cathode strip chambers with cosmic rays

41 páginas, 19 figuras, 4 tablas.-- Open Access.-- CMS Collaboration: et al.The Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) constitute the primary muon tracking device in the CMS endcaps. Their performance has been evaluated using data taken during a cosmic ray run in fall 2008. Measured noise levels are low, with the number of noisy channels well below 1%. Coordinate resolution was measured for all types of chambers, and fall in the range 47μm to 243μm. The efficiencies for local charged track triggers, for hit and for segments reconstruction were measured, and are above 99%. The timing resolution per layer is approximately 5 ns.Acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.Peer reviewe