Diabetes Ther

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes represents a significant public health issue, with increasing prevalence in developing countries while adherence to insulin treatment remains a challenge. No studies have evaluated the relationship between adherence to insulin, diabetes-related distress, and trust in physician among persons with diabetes. Our objectives were to evaluate treatment adherence to insulin, emotional distress (using the Problem Areas in Diabetes Questionnaire, PAID), trust in physician, and to examine associations between them among Lebanese patients with diabetes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study, conducted in all districts of Lebanon between August 2016 and April 2017, enrolled 135 adult patients. RESULTS: The mean percentage score of adherence to insulin was 79.7 +/- 19.94. A significantly higher mean adherence score was found in non-sedentary (81.96) compared to sedentary patients (67.41) (p = 0.017), with no difference between gender, employment, rural vs non-rural residence, or familial history of diabetes. In addition, no significant relationship was seen between adherence score and education level, smoking, or alcohol intake. A significant positive association was found between trust in physician and adherence scores, whereas a significant but negative one was found between PAID and adherence scores. The results of linear regressions showed that a secondary level of education (beta = - 13.48) significantly decreased the trust in physician score, whereas the total number of oral antidiabetics (beta = 0.93) increased it. Having a sedentary lifestyle (beta = - 12.73) and smoking < 3 waterpipes/week compared to no smoking (beta = - 16.82) significantly decreased the adherence score. Female gender (beta = 10.46), smoking < 3 waterpipes (beta = 27.42) and 3 + waterpipes/week (beta = 17.95) significantly increased the PAID score. CONCLUSION: Trust in physician is associated with an increased adherence and with decreased diabetes-related distress. This distress was also associated with poor adherence in our study

THE SUITABILITY OF THE ROBERTS APPERCEPTION TEST FOR CHILDREN (RATC), THE HOUSE-TREE-PERSON (H-T-P) AND DRAW-A-PERSON (D-A-P) SCALES IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE IN THE INDIAN COMMUNITY: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

Determining whether a child has been sexually abused is both a challenging and daunting task, since errors in this regard could have far-reaching implications. Adding to the dilemma of distinguishing between the abused and non-abused child is the fact that there is no single psychological measuring instrument to aid the forensic evaluator in this task. However, recently there have been attempts to either develop certain measures for specific use in child sexual abuse investigations or to determine the suitability of existing measures in this regard. The aim of this study was to determine the suitability of the Roberts Apperception Test for Children (RATC), the House-Tree-Person (H-T-P) test and the Draw-A-Person (D-A-P) test as measures of sexual abuse assessment in South African children. As there is particularly a lack of information in certain subcultures, this study focused on the Indian community. The research participants included 23 sexually abused girls and 17 non-sexually abused girls mostly from foster homes in KwaZulu-Natal. The results revealed that the two groups differed significantly on the four scales of the H-T-P/D-A-P, whereas there were no differences in the scale scores on the RATC. However, a larger proportion of girls who were sexually abused, gave responses of a sexual nature on the RATC. It was concluded that both these instruments seem to be suitable for inclusion in an assessment battery for sexual abuse investigations in Indian girls. It was also emphasised that none of the instruments can be used in isolation. However, they can provide an indication of possible sexual abuse which must be investigated further. Southern African Jnl Child and Adolescent Mental Health Vol.14(2) 2002:91-10

Relationship between depression, anxiety, cognitive distortions, and psychological well-being among nursing students

Bahadir Yilmaz, Emel/0000-0003-1785-3539; Yuksel, Arzu/0000-0001-7819-2020WOS: 000490906000022PubMed: 31140627Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between depression, anxiety, cognitive distortions, and psychological well-being among nursing students. Design and Methods This descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 330 nursing students. Data were collected using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Cognitive Distortion Scale (CDS), and the Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS). Findings The PWBS negatively correlated with the BDI, BAI, and CDS (P < .05). Preoccupation with danger was the strongest predictor, followed by hopelessness, self-blame, total CDS and BDI (P < .05). Practice Implications Nursing students should be evaluated for psychological well-being to prevent psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety and depression.oral presentation at the 1st CongressThe authors would like to thank all study participants for participating in the study. This study is accepted as an oral presentation at the 1st Congress of Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapies, Ankara, Turkey, from 18 October 2018 to 21 October 2018