855 research outputs found

    Diabete Aftricain en France

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    Introduction : Les auteurs rapportent le cas d’un diabĂšte africain ou diabĂšte atypique dĂ©signe un type spĂ©cifique de diabĂšte prĂ©sentant au dĂ©part des stigmates d’un diabĂšte de type 1 mais dont l’évolution ultĂ©rieure se fait vers un diabĂšte de type 2 avec la possibilitĂ© d’une longue phase de rĂ©mission. Il s’agit d’un sujet d’origine africaine, des spĂ©cificitĂ©s diagnostiques, mĂ©taboliques, physiopathologiques et prise en charge de ce type de diabĂšte. Patients et mĂ©thodes : Il s’agit d’une observation clinique d’un patient d’origine africaine vivant en France ayant un diabĂšte atypique. Cas clinique : Patient ĂągĂ© de 33 ans, a Ă©tĂ© hospitalisĂ© pour une acidocĂ©tose diabĂ©tique. Il a un antĂ©cĂ©dent familial de diabĂšte de type 2, un surpoids (IMC = 28,73 Kg/m2). Une insulinothĂ©rapie a Ă©tĂ© instaurĂ©e. Le bilan Ă©tiologique de cette dĂ©compensation mĂ©tabolique et la recherche de d’anticorps anti-GAD et anti-IA2 sont nĂ©gatifs. AprĂšs 3 mois d’insulinothĂ©rapie, on obtient un Ă©quilibre glycĂ©mique satisfaisant marquĂ© par une HbA1c Ă  7 % et un peptide C remontĂ© Ă  300 pmol/l (pour une GV Ă  1,09g/l). Au 6Ăšme mois, le patient prĂ©sente un parfait Ă©quilibre glycĂ©mique (HbA1C : 6,4 %), avec un peptide C qui s’est normalisĂ© Ă  870 pmol/l (pour une GV Ă  1,29g/l). C’est ce qui a permis de proposer l’arrĂȘt de l’insulinothĂ©rapie. Pour des raisons sociales, le patient refuse l’arrĂȘt du traitement. Aucune anomalie n’a Ă©tĂ© objectivĂ©e au fond d’Ɠil, ni Ă  l’électrocardiogramme, ni Ă  l’évaluation de la fonction rĂ©nale (Clairance de crĂ©atinine normale par MDRD et micro-albuminurie nĂ©gative). Ce tableau clinique illustre un cas de diabĂšte d’un africain. Il s’agit d’une expression clinique proche du diabĂšte de type 1 (DT1) mais se caractĂ©rise par une rĂ©mission, plus lente que la lune de miel dans le DT1, avec une absence de stigmates d’auto-immunitĂ©. Il est considĂ©rĂ© comme diabĂšte atypique ou de type 1 idiopathique. Conclusion : Ce type de diabĂšte Ă©voque plusieurs hypothĂšses physiopathologiques. L’équilibre glycĂ©mique est rapidement obtenu sous insulinothĂ©rapie, avec possibilitĂ© de rĂ©Ă©mission   Introduction : The authors report the case of African diabetes or atypical diabetes refers to a specific type of diabetes presenting initially with the stigma of type 1 diabetes but whose subsequent evolution is towards type 2 diabetes with the possibility of a long remission phase. This is a subject of African origin, and the diagnostic, metabolic, pathophysiological, and management specificities of this type of diabetes. Patients and methods: This is a clinical observation of a patient of African origin living in France with atypical diabetes. Clinical case: A 33-year-old patient was hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis. He had a family history of type 2 diabetes and was overweight (BMI = 28.73 kg/m2). Insulin therapy was initiated. The aetiological assessment of this metabolic decompensation and the search for anti-GAD and anti-IA2 antibodies were negative. After 3 months of insulin therapy, a satisfactory glycaemic balance was obtained, marked by an HbA1c of 7% and a C-peptide of 300 pmol/l (for a GV of 1.09g/l). At the 6th month, the patient had perfect glycaemic control (HbA1C: 6.4%), with a C-peptide that had normalized to 870 pmol/l (for a GV of 1.29g/l). This was the basis for proposing the discontinuation of insulin therapy. For social reasons, the patient refused to stop the treatment. No abnormalities were observed on the fundus, electrocardiogram, or renal function tests (normal creatinine clearance by MDRD and negative microalbuminuria). This clinical picture illustrates a case of diabetes in an African. It is a clinical expression close to type 1 diabetes (T1DM) but is characterized by remission, slower than the honeymoon period in T1DM, with an absence of autoimmune stigma. It is considered atypical or idiopathic type 1 diabetes. Conclusion: This type of diabetes raises several pathophysiological hypotheses. Glycaemic control is rapidly achieved with insulin therapy, with the possibility of re-emissio

    Diabete African en France

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    Introduction: Le diabĂšte africain ou diabĂšte atypique dĂ©signe un type spĂ©cifique de diabĂšte prĂ©sentant au dĂ©part des stigmates d’un diabĂšte de type 1 mais dont l’évolution ultĂ©rieure se fait vers un diabĂšte de type 2 avec la possibilitĂ© d’une longue phase de rĂ©mission. Nous discuterons dans cet article a travers un cas clinique chez un sujet d’origine africaine, des spĂ©cificitĂ©s diagnostiques, mĂ©taboliques, physiopathologiques et prise en charge de ce type de diabĂšte. Patients et mĂ©thodes : Il s’agit d’une observation clinique particuliĂšre d’un patient d’origine africaine vivant en France ayant un diabĂšte atypique. Cas clinique : Patient, ĂągĂ©e de 33 ans, a Ă©tĂ© hospitalisĂ© pour une acidocĂ©tose diabĂ©tique. Il a une hĂ©rĂ©ditĂ© familiale de diabĂšte de type 2, un surpoids (IMC = 28,73 Kg/m2). Une insulinothĂ©rapie a Ă©tĂ© instaurĂ©e. Le bilan Ă©tiologique de cette dĂ©compensation mĂ©tabolique et la recherche de d’anticorps anti-GAD et anti-IA2 sont nĂ©gatifs. AprĂšs 3 mois d’insulinothĂ©rapie, on obtient un Ă©quilibre glycĂ©mique satisfaisant marquĂ© par une HbA1c Ă  7 % et un peptide C remontĂ© Ă  300 pmol/l (pour une GV Ă  1,09g/l). Au bilan du 6 mois, le patient prĂ©sente un parfait Ă©quilibre glycĂ©mique (HbA1C : 6,4 %), avec un peptide C qui s’est normalisĂ© Ă  870 pmol/l (pour une GV Ă  1,29g/l). C’est qui a permis de proposer l’arrĂȘt de l’insulinothĂ©rapie malheureusement rĂ©cusĂ© par le patient pour des raisons sociales. Aucune anomalie n’a Ă©tĂ© objectivĂ©e au fond de l’Ɠil, ni Ă  l’électro-cardiogramme, ni Ă  l’évaluation de la fonction rĂ©nale (Clairance de crĂ©atinine normale par MDRD et micro-albuminurie nĂ©gative). Ce tableau clinique illustre un cas de diabĂšte africain. Il s’agit d’une expression clinique proche du diabĂšte de type 1 (DT1) mais se caractĂ©rise par une rĂ©mission, plus lente que la lune de miel dans le DT1, avec une absence de stigmates d’auto-immunitĂ©. Il est considĂ©rĂ© comme diabĂšte atypique ou de type 1 idiopathique. Discussion /Conclusion : Ce type de diabĂšte Ă©voque plusieurs hypothĂšses physiopathologiques. L’équilibre glycĂ©mique est rapidement obtenu sous insulinothĂ©rapie, avec possibilitĂ© de rĂ©Ă©mission.   African diabetes or atypical diabetes refers to a specific type of diabetes that initially presents with the stigma of type 1 diabetes but later progresses to type 2 diabetes with the possibility of a long remission phase. We will discuss in this article, through a clinical case in a subject of African origin, the diagnostic, metabolic, physiopathological and management specificities of this type of diabetes. Patients and methods: This is a particular clinical observation of a patient of African origin living in France with atypical diabetes. Clinical case: Patient, aged 33 years, was hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis. He had a family history of type 2 diabetes, was overweight (BMI = 28.73 Kg/m2). Insulin therapy was initiated. The etiological assessment of this metabolic decompensation and the search for anti-GAD and anti-IA2 antibodies were negative. After 3 months of insulin therapy, a satisfactory glycemic balance was obtained, marked by an HbA1c of 7% and a C-peptide of 300 pmol/l (for a GV of 1.09 g/l). At the 6-month check-up, the patient had perfect glycemic control (HbA1C: 6.4%), with a C-peptide that had normalized to 870 pmol/l (for a GV of 1.29g/l). This was the reason for proposing the discontinuation of insulin therapy, which was unfortunately rejected by the patient for social reasons. No abnormality was observed on the fundus, electrocardiogram or renal function tests (normal creatinine clearance by MDRD and negative microalbuminuria). This clinical picture illustrates a case of African diabetes. It is a clinical expression close to type 1 diabetes (T1DM) but is characterized by a remission, slower than the honeymoon in T1DM, with an absence of autoimmune stigma. It is considered atypical or idiopathic type 1 diabetes. Discussion/Conclusion : This type of diabetes raises several pathophysiological hypotheses. Glycemic control is rapidly obtained with insulin therapy, with the possibility of re-emission

    Diabete African en France

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    Introduction: Le diabĂšte africain ou diabĂšte atypique dĂ©signe un type spĂ©cifique de diabĂšte prĂ©sentant au dĂ©part des stigmates d’un diabĂšte de type 1 mais dont l’évolution ultĂ©rieure se fait vers un diabĂšte de type 2 avec la possibilitĂ© d’une longue phase de rĂ©mission. Nous discuterons dans cet article a travers un cas clinique chez un sujet d’origine africaine, des spĂ©cificitĂ©s diagnostiques, mĂ©taboliques, physiopathologiques et prise en charge de ce type de diabĂšte. Patients et mĂ©thodes : Il s’agit d’une observation clinique particuliĂšre d’un patient d’origine africaine vivant en France ayant un diabĂšte atypique. Cas clinique : Patient, ĂągĂ©e de 33 ans, a Ă©tĂ© hospitalisĂ© pour une acidocĂ©tose diabĂ©tique. Il a une hĂ©rĂ©ditĂ© familiale de diabĂšte de type 2, un surpoids (IMC = 28,73 Kg/m2). Une insulinothĂ©rapie a Ă©tĂ© instaurĂ©e. Le bilan Ă©tiologique de cette dĂ©compensation mĂ©tabolique et la recherche de d’anticorps anti-GAD et anti-IA2 sont nĂ©gatifs. AprĂšs 3 mois d’insulinothĂ©rapie, on obtient un Ă©quilibre glycĂ©mique satisfaisant marquĂ© par une HbA1c Ă  7 % et un peptide C remontĂ© Ă  300 pmol/l (pour une GV Ă  1,09g/l). Au bilan du 6 mois, le patient prĂ©sente un parfait Ă©quilibre glycĂ©mique (HbA1C : 6,4 %), avec un peptide C qui s’est normalisĂ© Ă  870 pmol/l (pour une GV Ă  1,29g/l). C’est qui a permis de proposer l’arrĂȘt de l’insulinothĂ©rapie malheureusement rĂ©cusĂ© par le patient pour des raisons sociales. Aucune anomalie n’a Ă©tĂ© objectivĂ©e au fond de l’Ɠil, ni Ă  l’électro-cardiogramme, ni Ă  l’évaluation de la fonction rĂ©nale (Clairance de crĂ©atinine normale par MDRD et micro-albuminurie nĂ©gative). Ce tableau clinique illustre un cas de diabĂšte africain. Il s’agit d’une expression clinique proche du diabĂšte de type 1 (DT1) mais se caractĂ©rise par une rĂ©mission, plus lente que la lune de miel dans le DT1, avec une absence de stigmates d’auto-immunitĂ©. Il est considĂ©rĂ© comme diabĂšte atypique ou de type 1 idiopathique. Discussion /Conclusion : Ce type de diabĂšte Ă©voque plusieurs hypothĂšses physiopathologiques. L’équilibre glycĂ©mique est rapidement obtenu sous insulinothĂ©rapie, avec possibilitĂ© de rĂ©Ă©mission.   African diabetes or atypical diabetes refers to a specific type of diabetes that initially presents with the stigma of type 1 diabetes but later progresses to type 2 diabetes with the possibility of a long remission phase. We will discuss in this article, through a clinical case in a subject of African origin, the diagnostic, metabolic, physiopathological and management specificities of this type of diabetes. Patients and methods: This is a particular clinical observation of a patient of African origin living in France with atypical diabetes. Clinical case: Patient, aged 33 years, was hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis. He had a family history of type 2 diabetes, was overweight (BMI = 28.73 Kg/m2). Insulin therapy was initiated. The etiological assessment of this metabolic decompensation and the search for anti-GAD and anti-IA2 antibodies were negative. After 3 months of insulin therapy, a satisfactory glycemic balance was obtained, marked by an HbA1c of 7% and a C-peptide of 300 pmol/l (for a GV of 1.09 g/l). At the 6-month check-up, the patient had perfect glycemic control (HbA1C: 6.4%), with a C-peptide that had normalized to 870 pmol/l (for a GV of 1.29g/l). This was the reason for proposing the discontinuation of insulin therapy, which was unfortunately rejected by the patient for social reasons. No abnormality was observed on the fundus, electrocardiogram or renal function tests (normal creatinine clearance by MDRD and negative microalbuminuria). This clinical picture illustrates a case of African diabetes. It is a clinical expression close to type 1 diabetes (T1DM) but is characterized by a remission, slower than the honeymoon in T1DM, with an absence of autoimmune stigma. It is considered atypical or idiopathic type 1 diabetes. Discussion/Conclusion : This type of diabetes raises several pathophysiological hypotheses. Glycemic control is rapidly obtained with insulin therapy, with the possibility of re-emission

    Enhancing e-Infrastructures with Advanced Technical Computing: Parallel MATLABÂź on the Grid

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    MATLABÂź is widely used within the engineering and scientific fields as the language and environment for technical computing, while collaborative Grid computing on e-Infrastructures is used by scientific communities to deliver a faster time to solution. MATLAB allows users to express parallelism in their applications, and then execute code on multiprocessor environments such as large-scale e-Infrastructures. This paper demonstrates the integration of MATLAB and Grid technology with a representative implementation that uses gLite middleware to run parallel programs. Experimental results highlight the increases in productivity and performance that users obtain with MATLAB parallel computing on Grids

    Tribochemistry of phosphorus additives: Experiments and first-principles calculations

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    Organophosphorus compounds are common additives included in liquid lubricants for many applications, in particular automotive applications. Typically, organic phosphites function as friction-modifiers whereas phosphates as anti-wear additives. While the antiwear action of phosphates is now well understood, the mechanism by which phosphites reduce friction is still not clear. Here we study the tribochemistry of both phosphites and phosphates using gas phase lubrication (GPL) and elucidate the microscopic mechanisms that lead to the better frictional properties of phosphites. In particular, by in situ spectroscopic analysis we show that the friction reduction is connected to the presence of iron phosphide, which is formed by tribochemical reactions involving phosphites. The functionality of elemental phosphorus in reducing the friction of iron-based interfaces is elucidated by first principle calculations. In particular, we show that the work of separation and shear strength of iron dramatically decrease by increasing the phosphorus concentration at the interface. These results suggest that the functionality of phosphites as friction modifiers may be related to the amount of elemental phosphorus that they can release at the tribological interface

    Effect of cathode material and its size on the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes in microcosms of integrated bioelectrochemical-wetland systems

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    Funding Information: Funding: This study was supported by the Estonian Research Council (PUTJD715, IUT2-16, PRG352 and PRG676); the EU through the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange, Estonia) and by the European Structural and Investment Funds. The financial support from The French National Research Agency (ANR-17-CE04-0004) is gratefully acknowledged. The financial support from the International mobility support for PhD students–DrEAM (University of Lorraine) is gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
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