Peningkatan Aktivitas Belajar Siswa melalui Penerapan Metode Laboratorium dalam Pembelajaran Matematika di Kelas

The purpose of his research is to improve students\u27 ability in learning material of curve building side at class nine of SMPN 3 Semparuk. Form of this research is action research. The subject of this research is students of class nine of SMPN 3 Semparuk. The tool of collecting data is observation sheet of students\u27 activity. This research did into two cycles. For the first cycle, the avarge of students\u27 score activity was 1,7 mean active enough and can improve at the second cycle with the avarage of students\u27 score was 2,65 mean active. It means that, application of laboratorium method can improve students\u27 learning activity in learning mathematics at class nine of SMPN 3 Semparuk

Effect of a trimethylsilyl moiety on the nucleophilic character of the CC bond: a comparative kinetic investigation of the epoxidation of substituted and unsubstituted cycloalkenes

The rates of epoxidation of twelve cycloalkenes (6–17) with MCPBA were determined at four temperatures (298, 303, 308 and 313 K). All of them were found to follow second-order kinetics. The silylated cycloalkenes (10–13) react faster than the corresponding unsubstituted cycloalkenes (6–9), but slower than the corresponding methyl cycloalkenes (14–17). Thus, for epoxidation, the silyl moiety is a deactivating group relative to an alkyl group, while it is activating in comparison with hydrogen. When the homologous series 6–9, 10–13 and 14–17 are considered, the order of the rates of epoxidation in each series seems to follow the order of strain energy of its members, i.e., the rate decreases in the sequence: 5-membered > 8-membered > 7-membered > 6-membered. The rate data obtained at four temperatures were employed to calculate ΔH‡, ΔS‡ and ΔG‡, based on which a common reaction mechanism is proposed

The malaria testing and treatment landscape in mainland Tanzania, 2016

Abstract Background Understanding the key characteristics of malaria testing and treatment is essential to the control of a disease that continues to pose a major risk of morbidity and mortality in mainland Tanzania, with evidence of a resurgence of the disease in recent years. The introduction of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) as the first-line treatment for malaria, alongside policies to promote rational case management following testing, highlights the need for evidence of anti-malarial and testing markets in the country. The results of the most recent mainland Tanzania ACTwatch outlet survey are presented here, including data on the availability, market share and price of anti-malarials and malaria diagnosis in 2016. Methods A nationally-representative malaria outlet survey was conducted between 18th May and 2nd July, 2016. A census of public and private outlets with potential to distribute malaria testing and/or treatment was conducted among a representative sample of administrative units. An audit was completed for all anti-malarials, malaria rapid (RDT) diagnostic tests and microscopy. Results A total of 5867 outlets were included in the nationally representative survey, across both public and private sectors. In the public sector, availability of malaria testing was 92.3% and quality-assured (QA) ACT was 89.1% among all screened outlets. Sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) was stocked by 51.8% of the public sector and injectable artesunate was found in 71.4% of all screened public health facilities. Among anti-malarial private-sector stockists, availability of testing was 15.7, and 65.1% had QA ACT available. The public sector accounted for 83.4% of the total market share for malaria diagnostics. The private sector accounted for 63.9% of the total anti-malarial market, and anti-malarials were most commonly distributed through accredited drug dispensing outlets (ADDOs) (39.0%), duka la dawa baridi (DLDBs) (13.3%) and pharmacies (6.7%). QA ACT comprised 33.1% of the national market share (12.2% public sector and 20.9% private sector). SP accounted for 53.3% of the total market for anti-malarials across both private and public sectors (31.3 and 22.0% of the total market, respectively). The median price per adult equivalent treatment dose (AETD) of QA ACT in the private sector was $1.40, almost 1.5 times more expensive than the median price per AETD of SP ($1.05). In the private sector, 79.3% of providers perceived ACT to be the most effective treatment for uncomplicated malaria for adults and 88.4% perceived this for children. Conclusions While public sector preparedness for appropriate malaria testing and case management is showing encouraging signs, QA ACT availability and market share in the private sector continues to be sub-optimal for most outlet types. Furthermore, it is concerning that SP continues to predominate in the anti-malarial market. The reasons for this remain unclear, but are likely to be in part related to price, availability and provider knowledge or preferences. Continued efforts to implement government policy around malaria diagnosis and case management should be encouraged

Gold Nanoparticle-Quantum Dot Fluorescent Nanohybrid:Application for Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance-induced Molecular Beacon Ultrasensitive DNA Detection

textversion:publishe

Validity of the Postoperative Morbidity Survey after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair—a prospective observational study

BACKGROUND: Currently, there is no standardised tool used to capture morbidity following abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. The aim of this prospective observational study was to validate the Postoperative Morbidity Survey (POMS) according to its two guiding principles: to only capture morbidity substantial enough to delay discharge from hospital and to be a rapid, simple screening tool. METHODS: A total of 64 adult patients undergoing elective infrarenal AAA repair participated in the study. Following surgery, the POMS was recorded daily, by trained research staff with the clinical teams blinded, until hospital discharge or death. We modelled the data using Cox regression, accounting for the competing risk of death, with POMS as a binary time-dependent (repeated measures) internal covariate. For each day for each patient, ‘discharged’ (yes/no) was the event, with the elapsed number of days post-surgery as the time variable. We derived the hazard ratio for any POMS morbidity (score 1–9) vs. no morbidity (zero), adjusted for type of repair (endovascular versus open), age and aneurysm size. RESULTS: The hazard ratio for alive discharge with any POMS-recorded morbidity versus no morbidity was 0.130 (95 % confidence interval 0.070 to 0.243). The median time-to-discharge was 13 days after recording any POMS morbidity vs. 2 days after scoring zero for POMS morbidity. Compliance with POMS completion was 99.5 %. CONCLUSIONS: The POMS is a valid tool for capturing short-term postoperative morbidity following elective infrarenal AAA repair that is substantial enough to delay discharge from hospital. Daily POMS measurement is recommended to fully capture morbidity and allow robust analysis. The survey could be a valuable outcome measure for use in quality improvement programmes and future research

Penyuluhan Hukum tentang Urgensi Perlindungan Konsumen di Masa Covid-19 di SMAN 1 Palu

Consumers and business actors are the main actors in the process of transacting goods and / or services. In addition to consumers and business actors, the Government acts as a regulator in regulating the pattern of legal relations. This service activity is carried out to be able to increase students' knowledge and understanding of consumer law protection. By using the lecture and discussion method with the target students at SMAN 1 Palu. The conclusion is the lack of information and socialization of students regarding consumers and their protection. For the students, they only know the purchase of goods without realizing that every thing used must be protected. Especially if there are goods that are not suitable even to the detriment of consumers