Green Corrosion Inhibitors, Past, Present, and Future

Green corrosion inhibitors are of interest because there has been an increase in environmental awareness and a change in regulations that restrict regular corrosion inhibitors due to their toxicity. Natural products are a good source of green corrosion inhibitors, where most of their extracts containing the necessary elements such as O, C, N, and S, which are active in organic compounds, assist in adsorption of these compounds on metals or alloys to form a film that protects the surface and hinders corrosion. Numerous natural products and their application in different processes, especially in steel reinforcement embedded in concrete, are discussed. Development of green chemistry and green chemical technologies offers novel synthetic methods for ionic liquids, which are considered as new corrosion green inhibitors, and their mechanism of adsorption, how these green inhibitors act in different media, and their protective role for different metals and alloys are discussed. Finally, industrial applications of vapor-phase inhibitors and their mechanisms are presented

Strangeness Enhancement at LHC Energies using the thermal model and EPOSLHC event-generator

The strangeness enhancement signature of QGP formation at LHC energies is carefully tackled in the present study. Based on HRG, the particle ratios of mainly strange and multi-strange particles are studied at energies from lower $\sqrt{s}\sim$ 0.001 up to 13 TeV. The strangeness enhancement clearly appeared at more higher energies, and the ratios are confronted to the available experimental data. The particle ratios are also studied using the Cosmic Ray Monte Carlo (CRMC) interface model with its two different event generators namely; EPOS $1.99$ and EPOSlhc which show a good agreement with the model calculations at the whole range of the energy. We utilize to produce some ratios. EPOS $1.99$ is used to estimate particle ratios at lower energies from AGS up to the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) while EPOSlhc is used at LHC energies. The production of kaons and lambda particles is studied in terms of the mean multiplicity in p-p collisions at energies ranging from 4 - 26 GeV. We find that both HRG model and the used event generators, EPOS $1.99$ and EPOSlhc, can describe the particle ratios very well. Additionally, the freeze-out parameters are estimated for different collision systems, such as p-p and Pb-Pb, at LHC energies using both models.Comment: 9 page

Diagnostic Skill of Internalization-Interconnection Qur’ani With Science in Three Levels of Madrasah

The study diagnosed the skill of internalization-interconnection of the Qur’ani with science at the three levels of Madrasah (Islamic school). We used a mixed-method research methodology, which was started with a cross-sectional survey, then continued with phenomenology. With this combination of research, it is hoped that more comprehensive data results will be obtained. The number of participants involved in the survey was 116 people taken randomly at three levels of the madrasah, who were then purposively classified based on the highest score for in-depth interviews. The collected data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive, qualitative descriptive, and inferential statistics through multivariate tests. The results of the present study show that: 1) the theoanthopocentric approach had been implemented quite well since the MI (Islamic Elementary School) level; 2) MTs (Islamic Junior High School) is the best level for optimizing the planting of the skill to internalize-interconnect Qur’ani with science; 3) the profile of students’ internalization skills in the MI is at the knowing level, MTs is in the responding level, and at the MA (Islamic Senior High School)in the organizing level, while the interconnection skill at the MI is in the understanding in textual level (textual), the MTs in the level of understanding contextually only on the initial experience of students (effective contextual) and MA in the level of understanding analyzes the relationship between science and other subjects as well as with the verses of the Qur’an in a structured manner (structured contextual).Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendiagnosa kemampuan internalisasi-intekoneksi Qur’ani dengan IPA di tiga jenjang pendidikan madrasah. Penelitian dilakukan melalui mix-method atau metode kombinasi yang diawali dengan cross sectional survey kemudian dilanjutkan dengan fenomenologi. Dengan penelitian kombinasi ini diharapkan mendapatkan hasil data yang lebih komprehensif. Jumlah partisipan yang terlibat dalam survey sebanyak 116 orang diambil secara random di tiga jenjang madrasah, yang kemudian dikrucutkan secara purpossive berdasarkan nilai tertinggi untuk diwawancarai secara mendalam. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dianalisa menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif, deskriptif kualitatif, serta statistik inferensial melalui uji multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) pendekatan theoanthopocentris telah dilaksanakan secara cukup baik sejak jenjang MI; 2) jenjang MTs merupakan jenjang paling baik untuk untuk optimalisasi penanaman kemampuan internalisasi-interkoneksi al-Qur’an dengan IPA; 3) Profil keterampilan internalisasi siswa di MI ada di tingkat mengetahui, MTs di tingkat menanggapi, dan di MA di tingkat pengorganisasian, sedangkan keterampilan interkoneksi di MI ada di tingkat pemahaman pada tataran tekstual (tekstual), MTs pada tataran pemahaman kontekstual hanya pada pengalaman awal peserta didik (kontekstual efektif) dan MA pada tataran pemahaman menganalisis hubungan IPA dengan mata pelajaran lain serta dengan ayat-ayat al-quran secara terstruktur (kontekstual terstruktur

RAPID AND VALIDATED HPLC-UV METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF GEMIFLOXACIN IN HUMAN URINE

Objective: To develop and validate a simple and rapid reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the determination of Gemifloxacin (GFX) in human urine.Methods: GFX was isolated from urine samples after acidification using methylene chloride. Good chromatographic separation was achieved using C18 Ultrasphere (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm.) analytical column maintained at 25 °C. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 3 in the ratio of (48: 52, v/v), respectively. The analysis time was 10 min at a 1.0 ml/min flow rate. The UV detection was carried out at 272 nm.Results: GFX has been eluted at 7.5 min. Linearity was obtained over a concentration range of 20-200 ng/ml (r2>0.999). The extraction recovery of GFX from urine samples was 60%. The proposed method demonstrated excellent intra-and inter-day precision and accuracy within 1.19% and 100.65 %, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 6.3 ng/ml.Conclusion: Simple and accurate RP-HPLC method for determination of GFX in human urine was developed and validated. The method was successfully applied for determination of GFX in human urine samples from healthy volunteers up to 24 hours after oral administration of 320 mg gemi floxacin tablets.Â

An educational tool for enhanced mobile e-Learning for technical higher education using mobile devices for augmented reality

In all dimensions of education and all subjects, Smartphones have turned out to be broadly acknowledged technology. It plays an essential task in advanced online education systems. Because of smart devices� effortlessness and extension property, it is getting to be mandatory for portable applications. This paper analyses the research on Smart Devices (SD) to incorporate visual simulation into e-learning. The researchers created an Augmented Reality (AR) platform for e-learners to expand the coursebook with graphics and virtual multimedia applications. This paper recommends a Mobile e-Learning (MeL) application termed �MeL app. The advanced MeL app methods have been tested using Mann-Whitney �U� Test in the lecture hall using real-time learners. The proposed MeL app planned to create the learning practice easier, focusing on e-learner�s requirements by encouraging e-learners and instructor relationships to maintain communicative development-based e-learning for Technical Higher Education (THE). Software engineering learners assess this proposed framework in THE. Future work in this investigation incorporates new highlights, testing the device in extreme situations, evaluating the instructive perspectives utilizing more significant and increasingly various understudy and beginner inhabitants, and at last, extending the application space

Facial analysis using a new clinical device : The Kattan Facio-meter

The aim of the study was to attempt to set average faciometric standards for Egyptians using the Kattan Facio-meter. The sample consisted of 180 faculty students with age range 17-25 years. It was divided into three groups; Angle Class I, II and III. Class II was further subdivided into divisions 1 and 2. Linear and angular facial measurements in relation to K plane were taken using the Kattan facio-meter. The measurements were correlated to Angle?s classification and between genders. On comparing the different classes, Class II division 1 showed the statistically highest mean value for Orbitale-soft tissue A; p=0.042, Class II divisions 1 and 2 for Orbitale- Labrale superius; p=0.002 and soft tissue ANB; p<0.001. Females showed significantly higher mean value than males for the upper incisor/K plane; p=0.031. Males showed significantly higher mean value for the inter-incisal angle than females; p=0.001. Within the limitations of the current study, it was found that both linear and angular soft tissue measurements conformed to the antroposterior skeletal relation of the jaws and that Class II division 1 was due to protruded maxilla. Males had more prominent lips and deeper mentolabial sulcus. Egyptians had less prominent noses than Caucasians. The Kattan Facio-meter was a valuable tool for clinical analysis without the hazards of irradiation

Antimicrobial effects of gum Arabic-silver nanoparticles against oral pathogens

Dental caries is considered one of the most prevalent oral diseases worldwide, with a high rate of morbidity among populations. It is a chronic infectious disease with a multifactorial etiology that leads to the destruction of the dental tissues. Due to their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antioxidant properties; silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are incorporated in dental products to help prevent infectious oral diseases. In this study, the antimicrobial efects of AgNPs synthesized using Gum Arabic extracts (GAE) were examined. Te GA-AgNPs were synthesized and characterized using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Te antimicrobial activity of the GA-AgNPs was evaluated on Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), and Candida albicans (C. albicans) using agar disc diffusion and microdilution assays

Genetic relatedness and host specificity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis patients

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the primary pathogens isolated more frequently in cystic fibrosis (CF) and it exhibits innate resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. Purpose: We sought to determine whether the highly prevalent genotypes of P. aeruginosa are specifically linked to CF patients and have any related multidrug antibiotic resistance. Isolates from hospitalized non-CF patients and from environmental sources were also genotypically analyzed. Methods: Collections of P. aeruginosa from lower respiratory secretions (n=45) were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Phenotypic screening for antibiotic susceptibility was performed for the common antimicrobial agents by E-test and automated Phoenix method. Results: P. aeruginosa isolates from CF (n=32), hospitalized non-CF patients (n=13), and environment sources (n=5) were analyzed. The population structure of P. aeruginosa is highly diverse and population-specific. All PFGE results of P. aeruginosa isolates fall among four major clusters. Cluster 1 contained 16 P. aeruginosa isolates from CF patients and two from environmental sources; cluster 2 contained 11 P. aeruginosa isolates from CF and one each from non-CF and environmental sources; cluster 3 contained 12 P. aeruginosa isolates from hospitalized non-CF patients and two P. aeruginosa isolates from one CF patient and one environmental source; and cluster 4 consisted of three isolates from CF patients and one from the environment. The majority of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were in clusters 3 and 4. P. aeruginosa isolates from CF patients were resistant to ciprofloxacin (34.4%) followed by resistance to amikacin and gentamicin (each 28%), whereas the majority of isolates from non-CF patients were resistant to meropenem (69%) and were grouped in cluster 3. Conclusion: PFGE of P. aeruginosa isolates from CF patients shows a high degree of similarity, suggesting specific adaptation of these clones to CF-affected lungs. The hospitalized non-CF cluster has a different clonal origin, indicating specific clustering in a specific location, suggesting hospital-acquired P. aeruginosa infections.The Qatar National Research Fund (UREP 14-026-3-010)

The Removal of Uranium and Thorium from Aqueous Solutions Onto by-pass Cement Dust (BCD)

The adsorption behavior of uranium and thorium from aqueous solutions by By-pass cement dust (BCD) has been investigated by a batch technique. The uranium and thorium adsorption on BCD was studied as a function of initial concentration, weight of BCD, pH, shaking time and temperature. The uptake of uranium and thorium at the determined optimum conditions follows Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption control of both thorium and uranium are first order and uptake energy of activation Ea =10 and 15 kJ/mol for thorium and uranium respectively. Thermodynamic parameters such as О”Ho, О”So and О”Go were also investigated