Effect of Agrobacterium Induced Necrosis, Antibiotic Induced Phytotoxicity and Other Factors in Successful Plant Transformation

Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection and antibiotic wash are the critical steps of Agrobacterium mediated plant transformation procedure, most time responsible for lower transformation efficiency due to necrosis and phytotoxicity caused by biotic stress of Agrobacterium and abiotic stress by antibiotics respectively. Ammi majus Egyptian origin medicinal plant and Pearl millet cereal grain crop were studied for their stress responses to Agrobacterium mediated transformation (AMT). Agrobacterium strains LBA4404 (O.D.=0.6-0.8) and EHA105 (O.D.=0.2-0.4) were used for transformation experiments to infect calli of Ammi majus and embryogenic calli of Pearl millet respectively. Incase of antibiotic wash, Cefotaxime 500 mg L-1 was used for LBA4404 infected Ammi majus calli and Timentin 300 mg L-1 was used for EHA105 infected embryogenic calli of Pearl millet. Effects of Agrobacterium infection, antibiotic and NaOCl washes on Agrobacterium removal and both explants physiological changes during transformation experimental procedures were studied. At the end of the experiments explants survival efficiency of Ammi majus and pearl millet were 8% and 5% respectively. Biotic and abiotic stress factors responsible for lower efficiency were investigated with various other factors and strategies were discussed which are need to be considered for higher transformation events and target tissue survival

Permission based Mobile Malware Detection System using Machine Learning Techniques

Mobile technology has grown dramatically around the world. Nowadays smart mobile devices are ubiquitous, i.e. they serve multiple purposes such as personal mobile communication, data storage, multimedia and entertainment etc. They have become important part of life. Implementing secure mobile and wireless networks is crucial for enterprises operating in the Internet-based business environment. Mobile market share has grown significantly in past few years so that we need to think about mobile security. Mobile security can be compromised due to design flaws, vulnerabilities, and protocol failures in any mobile applications, viruses, spyware, malware and other threats. In this paper we will more focus on mobile malware. Many tools are available in the market to detect malware but new research trend in the mobile security is users should be aware of app before he/she installs from the app store. Hence we propose a novel approach for permission based mobile malware detection system. It is based on static analysis. It has 3 major parts in it 1) a signature database for storing analysis results of training and testing. 2) An Android client who is used by end users for making analysis requests, and 3) a central server plays important role as it communicates with both signature database and smartphone client. We can say that he is the manager of whole analysis process. It alerts user if the app is malicious or the benign based on it user can proceed whether to continue with it or not

LIQUISOLID TECHNIQUE FOR DISSOLUTION AND BIOAVAILABILITY ENHANCEMENT OF POORLY SOLUBLE DRUGS

Liquisolid formulations have attracted substantial interest as an efficient means of improving the dissolution and ultimately bioavailability. The technique is based upon the admixture of drug loaded solutions with appropriate carrier, coating materials and use of non-volatile solvent causes improved wettability. The inclusion complexes of drug with beta cyclodextrin (βCD) were formulated by kneading method and highest solubility complex was further used for preparation of liquisolid formulation to get synergistic effect. Also it raises drug incorporation with dissolution enhancement compared with conventional formulation. There are various techniques for bioavailability enhancement, such as altering the pharmacokinetic parameters, inhibition of enzyme etc. For this purpose some herbal inhibitors can be used; ex piperine. The prepared formulations were characterized by FTIR, DSC, PXRD and in vitro dissolution studies. Hence, this liquisolid technique with two way approach of solubility and bioavailability enhancement may found as key aspect in designing of formulations. Peer Review History: Received 1 October  2017;   Revised 12 November; Accepted 14 November, Available online 15 November 2017 Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Al-Razi university, Department of Pharmacy, Yemen, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:        Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 4.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Leyla Açık, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey,  [email protected] Dr. Emmanuel O. Olorunsola, Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, [email protected] Similar Articles: IN VITRO DISSOLUTION STUDY OF GLIMEPIRIDE FROM BINARY AND TERNARY SOLID DISPERSION FORMULATIO

Human Face Identification by a Markov Random Field GroupWise Registration Technique

Face recognition is widely used in various applications like in bank applications, at airport or at ATM centre for security purposes etc. There are various methods used for face recognition problem. In this paper I propose new method known as Markov field GroupWise registration in which mean of all the faces from the database will be calculated first and then this mean will be compared with the testing image. To implement these modules, four open source databases like FERET, CAS-PEAL-R1, FRGC ver. 2.0, and the LFW are required. My work will achieve good result as compared to previous methods. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15052

EFFECT OF PITHECELLOBIUM DULCE BENTH LEAVES IN DEXAMETHASONE INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Objective: The objective of the present study was to study the effect of Pithecellobium dulce Benth (P. dulce) leaves in dexamethasone-induced diabetic rats.Methods: The authenticated P. dulce leaves were collected from a local area of Sangli, Maharashtra. The leaves of the plant were extracted with water and ethanol by maceration and soxhelation respectively. Acute toxicity studies of the both extracts were performed using rat and according to OECD 425 guidelines. The dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg was selected for further studies. The albino rats were divided into seven groups with five animals in each group. The diabetes was induced by dexamethasone (10 mg/kg, s. c.) and treated with extract and standard drug for 10 d. Then blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and glycogen level in liver, muscle and kidney were estimated according to standard procedures.Results: The study revealed that P. dulce at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed significant (p Ë‚ 0.05) antidiabetic activity. All the extract treated groups showed a significant reduction in blood glucose level on 11th day when compared to diabetic control group. The significant increase in blood glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol level was observed in the diabetic control group when compared to normal control group. The liver and muscle glycogen level was decreased significantly (p Ë‚ 0.05) in the diabetic control group.Conclusion: It can be concluded that P. dulceaqueous and ethanolic extract at two different doses (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) possesses antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity.Â

NIOSOMES: A PROMISING VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR TUBERCULOSIS

The drug ethambutol HCl is one of the first line antitubercular agent available in tablet form used in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis disease, for long term therapy but according to researcher the drug shows poor absorptivity in presence of food when administered orally & required higher dose of about 25mg/kg, also has short half life i.e.2-4 hrs., so to well utilization of drug as well as to minimize the side effects, there should have to modify the formulation in other suitable dosage form, like vesicular drug delivery system, in which incorporating the drug into system in the form of niosomes, and its characteristic action gives the sustained release of dose. So the present work of this research was to prepared and evaluate the niosomal drug delivery system by reverse phase evaporation method and were evaluated their particle size analysis, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, in-vitro release profile etc. Key word: Ethambutol HCl, Niosomes, Tuberculosis, Vesicular drug delivery system, in-vitro release etc

Improved functionalization of oleic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can providemultiple benefits for biomedical applications in aqueous environments such asmagnetic separation or magnetic resonance imaging. To increase the colloidal stability and allow subsequent reactions, the introduction of hydrophilic functional groups onto the particles’ surface is essential. During this process, the original coating is exchanged by preferably covalently bonded ligands such as trialkoxysilanes. The duration of the silane exchange reaction, which commonly takes more than 24 h, is an important drawback for this approach. In this paper, we present a novel method, which introduces ultrasonication as an energy source to dramatically accelerate this process, resulting in high-quality waterdispersible nanoparticles around 10 nmin size. To prove the generic character, different functional groups were introduced on the surface including polyethylene glycol chains, carboxylic acid, amine, and thiol groups. Their colloidal stability in various aqueous buffer solutions as well as human plasma and serum was investigated to allow implementation in biomedical and sensing applications.status: publishe