Work outcomes of sickness absence related to mental disorders: a systematic literature review.

ObjectivesThe purpose of this systematic literature review is to examine the current state of knowledge regarding the return-to-work outcomes of sickness absences related to mental disorders that increase costs borne by employers. We address two questions: (1) Based on the existing literature, from the employer's perspective, what are the relevant economic return-to-work outcomes for sickness absences related to mental disorders? and (2) From the employer's economic perspective, are there gaps in knowledge about the relevant return-to-work outcomes for sickness absences related to mental disorders?SettingThe included studies used administrative data from either an employer, insurer or occupational healthcare provider.ParticipantsStudies included working adults between 18 and 65 years old who had a sickness absence related to a mental disorder.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe studies considered two general return-to-work outcome categories: (1) outcomes focusing on return-to-work and (2) outcomes focusing on sickness absence recurrence.ResultsA total of 3820 unique citations were identified. Of these, 10 studies were identified whose quality ranged from good to excellent. Half of the identified studies came from one country. The studies considered two characteristics of sickness absence: (1) whether and how long it took for a worker to return-to-work and (2) sickness absence recurrence. None of the studies examined return-to-work outcomes related to work reintegration.ConclusionsThe existing literature suggests that along with the incidence of sickness absence related to mental disorders, the length of sickness absence episodes and sickness absence recurrence (ie, number and time between) should be areas of concern. However, there also seems to be gaps in the literature regarding the work reintegration process and its associated costs

An estimate of the cost of burnout on early retirement and reduction in clinical hours of practicing physicians in Canada.

BackgroundInterest in the impact of burnout on physicians has been growing because of the possible burden this may have on health care systems. The objective of this study is to estimate the cost of burnout on early retirement and reduction in clinical hours of practicing physicians in Canada.MethodsUsing an economic model, the costs related to early retirement and reduction in clinical hours of physicians were compared for those who were experiencing burnout against a scenario in which they did not experience burnout. The January 2012 Canadian Medical Association Masterfile was used to determine the number of practicing physicians. Transition probabilities were estimated using 2007-2008 Canadian Physician Health Survey and 2007 National Physician Survey data. Adjustments were also applied to outcome estimates based on ratio of actual to planned retirement and reduction in clinical hours.ResultsThe total cost of burnout for all physicians practicing in Canada is estimated to be $213.1 million ($185.2 million due to early retirement and $27.9 million due to reduced clinical hours). Family physicians accounted for 58.8% of the burnout costs, followed by surgeons for 24.6% and other specialists for 16.6%.ConclusionThe cost of burnout associated with early retirement and reduction in clinical hours is substantial and a significant proportion of practicing physicians experience symptoms of burnout. As health systems struggle with human resource shortages and expanding waiting times, this estimate sheds light on the extent to which the burden could be potentially decreased through prevention and promotion activities to address burnout among physicians

Migrating supply chain management process online: A study in Malaysian companies

There has been an increasing trend for companies to migrate their Supply Chain Management (SCM) online.In Malaysia however, many companies have not or are reluctant to invest in IT to improve their SCM.In order for companies to successfully migrate their SCM online, companies need to solve both technical and business issues that are involved during and after the migration.One example for solving the technical issues is that of the Rosettanet Standards.Rosettanet promised to solve the integration issues of online SCM in particular by allowing companies to communicate in the same e-business standards.However, there are few taker for this and there is a need to study the problems of migrating SCM online.. A framework is needed for Malaysian companies to successfully migrate their SCM online and using the Rosettanet standards.This paper presents an on-going study supported by Infineon Technologies Malacca

Hubungan Antara Asupan Zat Gizi Makro Dengan Obesitas Pada Wanita Usia Subur Peserta Jamkesmas Di Puskesmas Wawonasa Kecamatan Singkil Manado

: Nowadays, incident of obesity also can be found in poverty population with low educational level. This condition affect on the rising consumption of high-fat food and energy-dense sugar in this population. The purpose of this research is to know the correlation of macro nutrients intake and obesity at the women of childbearing age as Jamkesmas member in Wawonasa, Singkil, Manado. This research is using cross–sectional design and has taking sample in Wawonasa clinic, Singkil, Manado for a month, that is from November till December 2012. Sampling method is purposive sampling with 77 subject who had been measured for body height and body weight and also had been interviewed using recall method 24th hours to take the data for macro nutrients intake those are carbohydrate, protein, and fat that had been consumed one day before. The data from the research was being analyzed with chi–square analysis test with α = 0,05. The result of analysis show there is no relation of carbohydrate intake and obesity (p=0,980), no relation of protein intake and obesity (p=0,602), and there is no-significant relation of fat intake and obesity (p=0,265). The conclusion from this research is no relation of macro nutrients intake and obesity at women of childbearing age as Jamkesmas member in Wawonasa clinic, Singkil, Manado

The effect of Bi promoter on vanadium phosphate catalysts synthesized via sesquihydrate route

A series of 1%, 3% and 5% Bi-doped vanadyl pyrophosphate catalysts were prepared via sesquihydrate route (VPOs method). These catalysts were denoted as VPOs-Bi1%, VPOs-Bi3% and VPOs-Bi5%. Bulk and Bi-promoted vanadyl pyrophosphate catalysts prepared via sesquihydrate route exhibited a well-crystallized (VO)2P2O7 phase. Two V5+ phases, i.e. β-VOPO4 and αII-VOPO4 were observed in all Bi-promoted VPO catalysts, which led to an increase in the specific surface area and average oxidation state of vanadium. Bi-promoted VPO catalysts showed six to nine times higher amounts of oxygen evolved than the bulk VPO catalyst in oxygen TPD and a significant shift in the reduction peaks to lower temperatures. Catalytic tests revealed that both activity and selectivity to maleic anhydride increased with the presence of bismuth promoter

Atypical burkitt's lymphoma transforming from follicular lymphoma

Amongst follicular lymphoma that transforms into a high-grade lymphoma, majority are diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Here we reported a rare atypical Burkitt's lymphoma transformation from an asymptomatic follicular lymphoma. Lymph node biopsy showed a composite lymphoma with infiltration of the inter-follicular areas by high grade small non-cleaved lymphoma cells amongst neoplastic follicles. Moreover, FISH and molecular genetic study confirmed concomitant MYC translocations and t(14;18) in the high-grade component, thereby suggesting the transformation of atypical Burkitt's lymphoma from an undiagnosed antecedent follicular lymphoma. The disease followed an aggressive clinical course, terminating in refractory disease 13 months after diagnosis. This is followed by a comprehensive review of the literature on lymphoma transformations from underlying follicular lymphoma after acquisition of MYC translocation, using Burkitt's lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, transformation and MYC translocations as keywords

Performance Analysis of Montgomery Multiplier using 32nm CNTFET Technology

In VLSI design vacillating the parameters results in variation of critical factors like area, power and delay. The dominant sources of power dissipation in digital systems are the digital multipliers. A digital multiplier plays a major role in a mixture of arithmetic operations in digital signal processing applications hinge on add and shift algorithms. In order to accomplish high execution speed, parallel array multipliers are comprehensively put into application. The crucial drawback of these multipliers is that it exhausts more power than any other multiplier architectures. Montgomery Multiplication is the popularly used algorithm as it is the most efficient technique to perform arithmetic based calculations. A high-speed multiplier is greatly coveted for its extraordinary leverage. The primary blocks of a multiplier are basically comprised of adders. Thus, in order to attain a significant reduction in power consumption at the chip level the power utilization in adders can be decreased. To obtain desired results in performance parameters of the multiplier an efficient and dynamic adder is proposed and incorporated in the Montgomery multiplier. The Carbon Nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) is a promising new device that may supersede some of the fundamental limitations of a silicon based MOSFET. The architecture has been designed in 130nm and 32nm CMOS and CNTFET technology in Synopsys HSpice. The analysed parameters that are considered in determining the performance are power delay product, power and delay and comparison is made with both the technologies.The simulation results of this paper affirmed the CNTFET based Montgomery multiplier improved power consumption by 76.47% ,speed by 72.67% and overall energy by 67.76% as compared to MOSFET-based Montgomery multiplier

How does burnout affect physician productivity? A systematic literature review

BACKGROUND: Interest in the well-being of physicians has increased because of their contributions to the healthcare system quality. There is growing recognition that physicians are exposed to workplace factors that increase the risk of work stress. Long-term exposure to high work stress can result in burnout. Reports from around the world suggest that about one-third to one-half of physicians experience burnout. Understanding the outcomes associated with burnout is critical to understanding its affects on the healthcare system. Productivity outcomes are among those that could have the most immediate effects on the healthcare system. This systematic literature review is one of the first to explore the evidence for the types of physician productivity outcomes associated with physician burnout. It answers the question, “How does burnout affect physician productivity?” METHODS: A systematic search was performed of: Medline Current, Medline in process, PsycInfo, Embase and Web of Science. The search period covered 2002 to 2012. The searches identified articles about practicing physicians working in civilian settings. Articles that primarily looked only at residents or medical students were excluded. Productivity was captured by hours worked, patients seen, sick leave, leaving the profession, retirement, workload and presenteeism. Studies also were excluded if: (1) the study sample was not comprised of at least 50% physicians, (2) the study did not examine the relationship between burnout and productivity or (3) a validated measure of burnout was not used. RESULTS: The search identified 870 unique citations; 5 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. This review indicates that globally there is recognition of the potential impact of physician burnout on productivity. Productivity was examined using: number of sick leave days, work ability, intent to either continue practicing or change jobs. The majority of the studies indicate there is a negative relationship between burnout and productivity. However, there is variation depending on the type of productivity outcome examined. CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence that burnout is associated with decreased productivity. However, this line of inquiry is still developing. A number of gaps are yet to be filled including understanding how to quantify the changes in productivity related to burnout