Analisis Pendapatan dan Keuntungan Relatif Usahatani Jagung di Desa Bitefa Kecamatan Miomaffo Timur Kabupaten TTU

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui 1) gambaran umum USAhatani jagung; 2) besarnya pendapatan yang diperoleh dari petani; 3) keuntungan relatif yang diperoleh para petani jagung di Desa Bitefa Kecamatan Miomaffo Timur  Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember sampai bulan April 2014. Penentuan sampel dilakukan menggunakan rumus Slovin, sehingga dari 460 orang yang berusahatani jagung di Desa Bitefa akan di ambil 46 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa total pendapatan USAhatani jagung di Desa Bitefa adalah Rp 623.145.000 dengan rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp 13.546.630.43 / musim tanam. Dengan total luas lahan 3.513 are   dan rata-rata luas lahan 76,37 are. Sedangkan Rata-rata Keuntungan relatif dalam kegiatan USAhatani jagung  yang diperoleh petani sebesar 25,83 artinya kegiatan USAhatani jagung menguntungkan secara ekonomis karena hasil perhitungannya lebih besar dari 1 (25,83 ≥1). ©2017 dipublikasikan oleh Agrimor

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Usahatani Padi Sawah di Desa Haekto, Kecamatan Noemuti Timur

Penenitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi USAhatani padi sawah yang dilakukan di desa Haekto Kecamatan Noemuti Timur, dengan pertimbangan lokasi ini memiliki produksi tertinggi di Kecamatan Noemuti Timur. Data yang diambil adalah data primer dan data sekunder, sampel yang diambil menggunakan metode Slovin sehingga diperoleh responden sebanyak 78 orang. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis fungsi Cobb-Douglass. Faktor-faktor Faktor luas lahan,benih, pupuk,tenaga kerja,pengalaman, pendidikan dan modal secara (simultan) berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi USAhatani padi sawah. Secara (parsial) faktor pupuk,tenaga kerja dan modal memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap USAhatani padi sawah. Sedangkan faktor luas lahan,benih,pengalaman dan pendidikan berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap produksi USAhatani padi sawah. ©2016 dipublikasikan oleh Agrimor

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Usaha Tani Sayur Sawi di Kelurahan Bensone Kecamatan Kota Kefamenanu Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum USAhatani sayur sawi dan juga faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi USAhatani sayur sawi. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah simple random sampling, dengan jumlah petani sebanyak 50 sampel. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dalam bentuk logaritma dengan fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas. Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan variabel bebas secara bersama-sama dapat menunjukkan pengaruhnya terhadap faktor produksi sawi dengan nilai Fhitung sebesar (712.476) ˃ nilai Ftabel (2.32), sedangkan hasl uji T menunjukan bahwa faktor-faktor produksi yang berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap produksi sayur sawi di Kelurahan Bansone adalah faktor luas lahan dengan nilai thitung luas lahan (4.090) > ttabel (1,684), faktor benih dengan nilai thitung benih(1.974) ˃ ttabel (1.684), faktor modal dengan nilai thitung modal (2.479) ˃ ttabel (1.684), faktor tenaga kerja dengan nilai thitung tenaga kerja (2.785) > ttabel(1.684) berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap produksi USAhatani sayur sawi sedangkan faktor pupuk dengan nilai thitung pupuk (0.164) ˂ ttabel (1.684), faktor pengalaman degan nilai thitung pengalaman (1.117) ˂ ttabel (1.684) dan faktor pendidikan formal dengan nilai thitung pendidikan (0.321) ˂ ttabel (1.684) tidak berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap produksi USAhatani sayur sawi. ©2016 dipublikasikan oleh Agrimor

Analisis Efisiensi Teknis dan Alokatif Usahatani Jagung (Studi Kasus di Desa Bitefa Kecamatan Miomafo Timur Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara)

Penenitian analisis efisiensi teknis dan alokatif USAhatani jagung dilakukan di desa Bitefa Kecamatan Miomafo Timur Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dengan pertimbangan lokasi ini memiliki produksi tertinggi di Kecamatan Miomafo Timur. Data yang diambil adalah data primer dan data sekunder, sampel yang diambil menggunakan metode Slovin sehingga diperoleh responden sebanyak 46 orang. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis fungsi produksi stichastic frontier. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi jagung adalah luas lahan pada taraf  signifikan 1 persen dan benih pada taraf signifikan 1 persen. Sedangkan untuk faktor tenaga kerja, biaya dan pupuk tidak berpengaruh nyata. Tingkat  efisiensi teknik USAhatani jagung di daerah penelitian terendah yaitu sebesar 0,80 dan tingkat efisiensi tertinggi dari USAhatani jagung yaitu sebesar 0,99. Penggunaan luas lahan dan benih ternyata masih belum efisien, hal ini ditunjukan dengan besarnya perbandingan antara NPMx / Px  < 1. Faktor-faktor yang berpengruh terhadap efek inefisiensi adalah pendidikan formal berpengaruh negatif  yang berarti semakin tinggi pendidikan formal dapat menurunkan efisiensi secara teknis. Sementara pendidikan nonformal berpengaruh positif yang berarti jika petani responden semakin sering mengikuti pelatihan dan penyuluhan di bidang pertanian akan bermanfaat untuk meningkat efisiensi teknis USAhatni jagung, karena pengetahuan yang diperoleh dalam mengikuti pelatihan dan penyuluhan lebih diarahkan pada penerapan budidaya dan USAhatani di bidang pertanian agar petani dapat mengetahui cara mengelola USAhataninya dengan baik dan benar, terutama dalam menggunakan faktor-faktor produksi seperti lahan, benih, biaya, tenaga kerja dan pupuk. ©2016 dipublikasikan oleh Agrimor

Hepatopulmonary hydatidosis in a ten-year-old girl: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm <it>Echinococcus granulosus </it>and is characterised by cystic lesions in the liver and lungs. Concomitant pulmonary and hepatic localization of hydatid cysts in childhood is unusual and represents a distinct clinical entity called hepatopulmonary hydatidosis.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A ten-year-old Caucasian girl, a permanent resident of rural Greece, was admitted to hospital reporting a nonspecific symptomatology compatible with a diagnosis of viral infection. Chest radiography revealed a large homogenous circular opacity in the right lung field. On the basis of imaging studies, a diagnosis of hydatidosis was made with synchronous hepatic and pulmonary involvement, successfully managed through a single-stage transthoracic surgical approach.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This case report highlights the necessity of realizing that hydatid disease continues to be a public health problem, which often remains asymptomatic for years. Therefore, the presence of any homogeneous cystic spherical opacity on routine chest radiography should raise the suspicion of hydatid disease, mainly in endemic areas such as Greece. General practitioners and physicians involved in pediatric care need to be familiar with the diagnosis and management of the variable clinical manifestations of hydatid disease. Taking into consideration that hepatopulmonary hydatidosis represents a special entity that requires a different therapeutic approach may positively affect its economic and social-related burden.</p

Film Boiling on Downward Quenching Hemisphere of Varying Sizes

Film boiling heat transfer coefficients for a downward-facing hemispherical surface are measured from the quenching tests in DELTA (Downward-boiling Experimental Laminar Transition Apparatus). Two test sections are made of copper to maintain low Biot numbers. The outer diameters of the hemispheres are 120 mm and 294 mm, respectively. The thickness of all the test sections is 30 mm. The effect of diameter on film boiling heat transfer is quantified utilizing results obtained from the test sections. The measured data are compared with the numerical predictions from laminar film boiling analysis. The measured heat transfer coefficients are found to be greater than those predicted by the conventional laminar flow theory on account of the interfacial wavy motion incurred by the Helmholtz instability. Incorporation of the wavy motion model considerably improves the agreement between the experimental and numerical results in terms of heat transfer coefficient. In addition, the interfacial wavy motion and the quenching process are visualized through a digital camera

Electrical switching of an antiferromagnet

Antiferromagnets are hard to control by external magnetic fields because of the alternating directions of magnetic moments on individual atoms and the resulting zero net magnetization. However, relativistic quantum mechanics allows for generating current-induced internal fields whose sign alternates with the periodicity of the antiferromagnetic lattice. Using these fields, which couple strongly to the antiferromagnetic order, we demonstrate room-temperature electrical switching between stable configurations in antiferromagnetic CuMnAs thin-film devices by applied current with magnitudes of order 106 ampere per square centimeter. Electrical writing is combined in our solid-state memory with electrical readout and the stored magnetic state is insensitive to and produces no external magnetic field perturbations, which illustrates the unique merits of antiferromagnets for spintronics

A review of the epidemiology of oral and pharyngeal carcinoma: update

Oral and pharyngeal cancers are the sixth most common cancers internationally. In the United States, there are about 30,000 new cases of oral and pharyngeal cancers diagnosed each year. Furthermore, survival rates for oral and pharyngeal cancers have not significantly improved over the last three decades. This review examines the scientific literature surrounding the epidemiology of oral and pharyngeal cancers, including but not limited to risk factors, disparities, preventative factors, and the epidemiology in countries outside the United States. The literature review revealed that much of the research in this field has been focused on alcohol, tobacco, and their combined effects on oral and pharyngeal cancers. The literature on oral and pharyngeal cancer disparities among racial groups also appears to be growing. However, less literature is available on the influence of dietary factors on these cancers. Finally, effective interventions for the reduction of oral and pharyngeal cancers are discussed

Pre-radiotherapy plasma carotenoids and markers of oxidative stress are associated with survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients: a prospective study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to compare plasma levels of antioxidants and oxidative stress biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients with healthy controls. Furthermore, the effect of radiotherapy on these biomarkers and their association with survival in HNSCC patients were investigated.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Seventy-eight HNSCC patients and 100 healthy controls were included in this study. Follow-up samples at the end of radiotherapy were obtained in 60 patients. Fifteen antioxidant biomarkers (6 carotenoids, 4 tocopherols, ascorbic acid, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione redox potential, total glutathione and total cysteine) and four oxidative stress biomarkers (total hydroperoxides, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, 8-isoprostagladin F_2αand ratio of oxidized/total ascorbic acid) were measured in plasma samples. Analysis of Covariance was used to compare biomarkers between patients and healthy controls. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox' proportional hazards models were used to study survival among patients.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Dietary antioxidants (carotenoids, tocopherols and ascorbic acid), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and modified FRAP were lower in HNSCC patients compared to controls and dietary antioxidants decreased during radiotherapy. Total hydroperoxides (d-ROMs), a marker for oxidative stress, were higher in HNSCC patients compared to controls and increased during radiotherapy. Among the biomarkers analyzed, high levels of plasma carotenoids before radiotherapy are associated with a prolonged progression-free survival (hazard rate ratio: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.20-0.91, p = 0.03). Additionally, high relative increase in plasma levels of d-ROMs (hazard rate ratio: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13-0.76, p = 0.01) and high relative decrease in FRAP (hazard rate ratio: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.17-0.998, p = 0.05) during radiotherapy are also positively associated with survival.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Biomarkers of antioxidants and oxidative stress are unfavourable in HNSCC patients compared to healthy controls, and radiotherapy affects many of these biomarkers. Increasing levels of antioxidant biomarkers before radiotherapy and increasing oxidative stress during radiotherapy may improve survival indicating that different factors/mechanisms may be important for survival before and during radiotherapy in HNSCC patients. Thus, the therapeutic potential of optimizing antioxidant status and oxidative stress should be explored further in these patients.</p