585 research outputs found
MikrobioloΕ‘ka transformacija sintetiΔkog laktona benzofuranskog tipa
The aim of this work was the investigation of the biotransformation ability of a
synthetic benzofurane type g-lactone. This workwas basedon the microbiological reactions
of Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus mycoides, Agrobacterium tumefa-
ciens,Pseudomonas glicinea and Pseudomonas fluorescens to obtain newactive derivatives.
Four biotransformation products were determined. The lactone was used for two purposes,
as an additive for the nutrient substrate and as a source of organic carbon.Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje moguΔnosti biotransformacije benzofuranskog
derivata, sa a-metilen-g-butirolaktonskom strukturnom jedinicom, sa razliΔitim sojevima
mikroorganizama: Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerrevisiae, Bacillus mycoides, Agrobacterium
tumefaciens, Pseudomonas glicinea i Pseudomonas fluorescens u cilju dobivanja novih
jedinjenja sa specifiΔnijom antimikrobnom aktivnoΕ‘Δu. Takodje izolovani i identifikovani
proizvodi su ukazali i potvrdili osnovne biodegradacione puteve ispitivanog laktona
Thermal noise in aqueous quadrupole micro- and nano-traps
Recent simulations and experiments with aqueous quadrupole micro-traps have confirmed a possibility for control and localization of motion of a charged particle in a water environment, also predicting a possibility of further reduction of the trap size to tens of nano-meters for trapping charged bio-molecules and DNA segments. We study the random thermal noise due to Brownian motion in water which significantly influences the trapping of particles in an aqueous environment. We derive the exact, closed-form expressions for the thermal fluctuations of position and velocity of a trapped particle and thoroughly examine the properties of the rms for the fluctuations as functions of the system parameters and time. The instantaneous signal transferring mechanism between the velocity and position fluctuations could not be achieved in the previous phase-average approaches
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅
From a theoretical standpoint, this is an interdisciplinary doctoral thesis, combining contemporary design practices with their phenomenological interpretation using the notion of atmosphere of a space. The theme of the dissertation is a definition of the concept of architectural atmosphere, its theoretical interpretation through research of environmental art practice and its analysis through the study of everyday spaces in the designs of architect Vasilije MilunoviΔ. The main research objective is to establish a practical relationship between the practices of environmental art and architectural design, in order to open architectural design practice towards critical and research potentials of interdisciplinary and hybrid practices in artistic creation. The usefulness of the established relations is reflected in the possibility of interdisciplinary exchange of research tactics and techniques, as well as through the possibility of improvement of design practice through broadening of the area and of the media of research and work. The operational goal of the research, in terms of architectural work, is to point out the usefulness of studying a wide range of human behavior in everyday life, from what is known as performing the everyday, through rituals and routines, to forms of performance. The assumption is that architecture is considered a structural system of symbols in complex communicational and phenomenological constructs, as well as a multimedia textual phenomenon, which takes place in time intervals of constituting the individual and collective everyday. The general methodological theoretical position of this research is predominantly phenomenological (hermeneutic and interpretative), through which the research is conducted as qualitative interpretative research. Qualitative research assumes the involvement of researchers in the problem and the subject of research. In this case, the relevant position is the dual role of the author: as chronicler and actors of the event, which is a specific role and thus appropriate for qualitative research. The first part of the study sets a theoretical framework, followed by an analysis of the relevant concepts of architectural theory, the theory of environmental art and theory of everyday life. The final chapter of the theoretical study outlines the implications for the possibility of analyzing the ambiance of the quotidian. The second part of the thesis is conceived as qualitative research, consisting of four case studies in which previously proposed hypotheses are tested in real conditions. The concluding paragraphs are an overview of the research results obtained...ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π’Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ° Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π±ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎβΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡΠ²Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ½Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠ° Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π° ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°, Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Π»Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π²Π° Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»Π½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° (Ρ
Π΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°), Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅. ΠΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, Ρ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠ°. Π£ ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄Π°, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅, Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ..
Toxicological analysis of the risk of lead exposure in metal processing
Purpose: To evaluate toxicological risks for workers who are exposed to lead in their work environment. Methods: Since it is an important indicator of toxicological risk, a statistical analysis of lead concentration and biological lead toxicity markers in blood and urine were performed for both exposed and control groups. Both experimental groups consisted of employees from "NISSAL" JSC factory. Analytical epidemiological method in the form of a retrospective cohort study was applied, and covered the period from 2001 to 2010. The concentration of lead, Ξ΄-aminolevulinic acid, and coproporphyrin in biological samples were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Results: The results showed a high positive correlation between lead concentrations in blood and urine and the length of exposure of the participants (p < 0.01). Also, increase of lead concentration in the biological material significantly increased Ξ΄-aminolevulinic acid (p < 0.01) and slightly increased the concentration of coproporphyrin, both of which are important indicators of toxicological risk. Conclusion: The control group of employees belonged to the normal risk category, while the exposed group belonged to a moderate risk category. Correlation between the monitored parameters is statistically significant at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05. Keywords: Lead, Ξ΄-Aminolevulinic acid, Coproporphyrin, Chronic exposure, Toxicity, Correlatio
Application of environmental art practices in architectural design of everyday spaces
ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π’Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠ°
Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ
Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ° Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅
ΡΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ
Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π±ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅
ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎβΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ
Ρ
ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡΠ²Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅
ΡΠ°Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°
ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ· ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ½Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ·
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°.
ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠ° Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°
ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Ρ
ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π° ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°, Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠ°
ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Π»Π½Π°
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π²Π° Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ°
ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»Π½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅.
ΠΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° (Ρ
Π΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°), Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅
ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅. ΠΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, Ρ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ
Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠ°.
Π£ ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄Π°, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ
ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅, Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅
ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΎ
Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈ
ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ...From a theoretical standpoint, this is an interdisciplinary doctoral thesis, combining
contemporary design practices with their phenomenological interpretation using the
notion of atmosphere of a space. The theme of the dissertation is a definition of the
concept of architectural atmosphere, its theoretical interpretation through research of
environmental art practice and its analysis through the study of everyday spaces in the
designs of architect Vasilije MilunoviΔ. The main research objective is to establish a
practical relationship between the practices of environmental art and architectural design,
in order to open architectural design practice towards critical and research potentials of
interdisciplinary and hybrid practices in artistic creation. The usefulness of the established
relations is reflected in the possibility of interdisciplinary exchange of research tactics
and techniques, as well as through the possibility of improvement of design practice
through broadening of the area and of the media of research and work.
The operational goal of the research, in terms of architectural work, is to point out
the usefulness of studying a wide range of human behavior in everyday life, from what is
known as performing the everyday, through rituals and routines, to forms of performance.
The assumption is that architecture is considered a structural system of symbols in
complex communicational and phenomenological constructs, as well as a multimedia
textual phenomenon, which takes place in time intervals of constituting the individual and
collective everyday.
The general methodological theoretical position of this research is predominantly
phenomenological (hermeneutic and interpretative), through which the research is
conducted as qualitative interpretative research. Qualitative research assumes the
involvement of researchers in the problem and the subject of research. In this case, the
relevant position is the dual role of the author: as chronicler and actors of the event, which
is a specific role and thus appropriate for qualitative research.
The first part of the study sets a theoretical framework, followed by an analysis of
the relevant concepts of architectural theory, the theory of environmental art and theory
of everyday life. The final chapter of the theoretical study outlines the implications for
the possibility of analyzing the ambiance of the quotidian. The second part of the thesis
is conceived as qualitative research, consisting of four case studies in which previously
proposed hypotheses are tested in real conditions. The concluding paragraphs are an
overview of the research results obtained..
DESIGN OF FIRST ORDER DIFFERENTIATOR WITH PARALLEL ALL-PASS STRUCTURE
In this paper a new method for design of the first order differentiator is presented. The proposed differentiator consists of two parallel branches, i.e. direct path and IIR all-pass filter. The described design method allows one to obtain solution with minimum mean relative error at the desired region by controlling the ratio of phase response extremes. A small relative magnitude error, as well as a low phase error, at low frequencies is condition for good time domain behaviour. The obtained differentiator can be realized by means of only two multipliers, hence being a good choice for real time applications. The proposed solution provides a lower magnitude error than several known differentiators with similar phase error
Ocena opravdanosti investicija u reciklaΕΎu otpada - izazovi za upravljanje odrΕΎivim razvojem u Republici Srbiji
Besides the all positive effects on economic growth the modern
business environment also has some disadvantages, reflected in
generating different kinds of waste in large quanti ties The issue of
waste has become more apparent i n the period of transition from the
traditional economic into the so called consumer society It is
characterized by the c onsumption of a plethora of di fferent products ,
which, in combination with the decreasing lifespan of products, results
in an enormous pressure and negative impact on the environment ,
bringing sustainabl e development into jeopardy . In th ese circumstances ,
the development of the recycli ng industry presents itself as a possible
solution to the problem of waste generation and management, while
creating the basic preconditions for sustainable development.
The empirical research is based on the case study of the
companies that are dealing wi th recycling of cars and electrical and
electronic equipment, and the cost benefit analysis is used for the
evaluation of both the financial and non financial, i.e. socioeconomic
benefits. The f inancial anal ysis has confirmed the justification of
investmen t s in both projects, not only car recycling but also the
electronic and electrical equipment recycling. From the investorsβ
perspective , car recycling is a more acceptable project , since it
generates more profit, and it is less depend e nt on government
ince ntives. The i ncentive oriented policy in the area of e waste
recycling is requiredrequired since thesince the research has shown that theresearch has shown that the continuity of continuity of this process isthis process is directlydirectly dependdependentent onon governmentgovernment support. support. The The significant amount of socioeconomic benefitssignificant amount of socioeconomic benefits,, created by created by ththee electronic electronic and electrical equipment recycling projectand electrical equipment recycling project, makes it acceptable, makes it acceptable from the from the social perspective, social perspective, creating a longcreating a long--term contribution term contribution to sustainable to sustainable developmentdevelopment.
The sensitivity analysis results indicate the variation in stock prices of secondary rawprices of secondary raw materials, which are the product of the materials, which are the product of the recycling process, and disparity of incentive policies towards this recycling process, and disparity of incentive policies towards this process in the Republic of Serbia represent factors which are the most process in the Republic of Serbia represent factors which are the most influential on the investment analysis criteria of recycling projects. This influential on the investment analysis criteria of recycling projects. This dissertation contributes to a better understanding of the current dissertation contributes to a better understanding of the current conditions in the recycling industry in the Republic of Serbia, and conditions in the recycling industry in the Republic of Serbia, and demonstrates the direction of future development as well as the most demonstrates the direction of future development as well as the most important challenges which stand in the way of reachiimportant challenges which stand in the way of reaching the goal of ng the goal of sustainable development.sustainable development
Discrimination of mineral waters using near-infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics
Voda je jedan od najΔeΕ‘Δe prouΔavanih materijala danas, ali uprkos tome mnoga njena svojstva i dalje ostaju nerazjaΕ‘njena i neiskoriΕ‘Δena. Voda je neophodna za normalno funkcionisanje ljudskog organizma, izmeΔu ostalog zbog toga, poremeΔaji homeostaze vode u ljudskom telu leΕΎe u osnovi mnogih bolesti. Analiza vode i njene ispravnosti za upotrebu u ljudskoj ishrani uglavnom se bavi onim Ε‘to je prisutno u vodi - koncentracijama prisutnih anjona i katjona, prisustvu mikroorganizama i tome sliΔno. RazliΔite vrste voda se uglavnom i klasifikuju upravo prema vrsti elemenata koje sadrΕΎe, koncentraciji prisutnih elemenata, ili pak odnosu izmeΔu koncentracije pojedinih jona i njihov efekat na ljudski organizam razmatra se iskljuΔivo sa stanoviΕ‘ta elemenata koji su prisutni u njoj. MeΔutim, iako je poznato da voda formira razliΔite tipove klastera i moΕΎe da se organizuje oko prisutnih elemenata na razliΔite naΔine, klasifikacija voda na osnovu organizacije vodenih molekula, kao i efekti razliΔito klasterizovanih voda na ljudski organizam, za sada ne postoje u literaturi. Predmet ovog rada je diskriminacija razliΔitih tipova voda na osnovu njihovog spektra u bliskoj infracrvenoj oblasti, primenom multivarijacione analize i novog pristupa za tumaΔenje spektara vode u ovoj oblasti, poznatog pod nazivom Akvafotomika. Akvafotomika interpretira spektar vode u bliskoj infracrvenoj oblasti preko posebno definisanih koordinata vodene mreΕΎe (water matrix coordinates - WAMACS) kojima su pripisani taΔno odreΔeni vibracioni modovi molekula vode preko kojih se moΕΎe zakljuΔiti kako se molekuli vode organizuju. Na taj naΔin, primenom saznanja akvafotomike, voda se moΕΎe opisati i sa aspekta njene organizacije u klastere, i time se omoguΔiti i diskriminacija voda na osnovu prisutnih tipova klastera Ε‘to je prikazano u ovom radu.Despite that water is one of the most studied materials today its dynamic properties are still not well understood. Water state in human organism is of high importance for normal healthy functioning of human body. Different kinds of water are usually classified according to their present solutes and concentrations of these solutes, but though it is known that water molecules can form clusters around present solutes, the classification of waters based on types of water molecular organization and present clusters is not present in current literature. In this study the multivariate analysis is used for classification of commercial mineral waters based on their near-infrared spectra (NIR). Further, the aquaphotomics has been applied, a new approach for interpretation of near-infrared spectra of water, that gives insight into organization of water molecules in each of these waters
Electrical characteristics of female and male human skin
Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) is a popular method for characterizing the electrical properties of biological tissues. In this study, BIS measurement data of female and male human skin were analyzed and compared. The electrical characteristics of tissue were followed according to four-parameters of the Cole-Cole model: low frequency resistance R0; high frequency resistance Rβ; relaxation time t and parameter a. Individual electrical characteristics of human skin were determined for 30 women and 30 men. The distribution and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) of the Cole-Cole parameters R0, Rβ, t, a within the human population indicated their different dependence on gender. Parameter a, which is higher in the female subjects (a =0.83Β±0.03) than in the male subjects (a=0.7Β±0.05), is strongly dependent on gender (p=0). Parameter Rβ also significantly depends on gender (p=0.002), while t and R0 seem to be slightly related to gender (p>0.05). [Acknowledgments - This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia (41006).
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