Дексмедетомідин для седації в інтенсивній терапії. Огляд літератури та клінічний досвід

Dexmedetomidine is a fairly new and promising drug for use in intensive care and surgery. Due to the fact that it is an agonist of alpha-2-adrenoceptors, dexmedetomidine has an analgesic, sedative effect and affects hemodynamic parameters. Due to the fact that dexmedetomedin does not have the ability to suppress respiration, it is used in patients with respiratory disorders. Dexmedetomidine has minimal side effects and a wide range of uses.Дексмедетомидин — довольно новый и перспективный препарат для использования в интенсивной терапии и при оперативных вмешательствах. Учитывая то, что он является агонистом альфа-2-адренорецепторов, дексмедетомидин имеет анальгетический, седативный эффект и влияет на показатели гемодинамики. Благодаря тому, что дексмедетомидин не обладает способностью подавлять дыхание, он может использоваться у пациентов с нарушением дыхания. Дексмедетомидин имеет минимальное количество побочных эффектов и широкий спектр использования.Дексмедетомідин є доволі новим і перспективним препаратом у використанні в інтенсивній терапії та при оперативних втручаннях. Враховуючи те, що він є агоністом альфа-2-адренорецепторів, дексмедетомідин має аналгетичний, седативний ефект і впливає на показники гемодинаміки. Завдяки тому, що дексмедетомідин не має здатності пригнічувати дихання, він може використовуватись у пацієнтів з порушенням дихання. Дексмедетомідин має мінімальну кількість побічних ефектів та широкий спектр використання

Identification of Replication Competent Murine Gammaretroviruses in Commonly Used Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

A newly discovered gammaretrovirus, termed XMRV, was recently reported to be present in the prostate cancer cell line CWR22Rv1. Using a combination of both immunohistochemistry with broadly-reactive murine leukemia virus (MLV) anti-sera and PCR, we determined if additional prostate cancer or other cell lines contain XMRV or MLV-related viruses. Our study included a total of 72 cell lines, which included 58 of the 60 human cancer cell lines used in anticancer drug screens and maintained at the NCI-Frederick (NCI-60). We have identified gammaretroviruses in two additional prostate cancer cell lines: LAPC4 and VCaP, and show that these viruses are replication competent. Viral genome sequencing identified the virus in LAPC4 and VCaP as nearly identical to another known xenotropic MLV, Bxv-1. We also identified a gammaretrovirus in the non-small-cell lung carcinoma cell line EKVX. Prostate cancer cell lines appear to have a propensity for infection with murine gammaretroviruses, and we propose that this may be in part due to cell line establishment by xenograft passage in immunocompromised mice. It is unclear if infection with these viruses is necessary for cell line establishment, or what confounding role they may play in experiments performed with these commonly used lines. Importantly, our results suggest a need for regular screening of cancer cell lines for retroviral “contamination”, much like routine mycoplasma testing

Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor-based targeting using bombesin analogues is superior to metabolism-based targeting using choline for in vivo imaging of human prostate cancer xenografts

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PC) is a major health problem. Overexpression of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) in PC, but not in the hyperplastic prostate, provides a promising target for staging and monitoring of PC. Based on the assumption that cancer cells have increased metabolic activity, metabolism-based tracers are also being used for PC imaging. We compared GRPR-based targeting using the68Ga-labelled bombesin analogue AMBA with metabolism-based tar

Chemical Biology Drug Sensitivity Screen Identifies Sunitinib as Synergistic Agent with Disulfiram in Prostate Cancer Cells

Peer reviewe

A new murine model of osteoblastic/osteolytic lesions from human androgen-resistant prostate cancer

BACKGROUND: Up to 80% of patients dying from prostate carcinoma have developed bone metastases that are incurable. Castration is commonly used to treat prostate cancer. Although the disease initially responds to androgen blockade strategies, it often becomes castration-resistant (CRPC for Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer). Most of the murine models of mixed lesions derived from prostate cancer cells are androgen sensitive. Thus, we established a new model of CRPC (androgen receptor (AR) negative) that causes mixed lesions in bone. METHODS: PC3 and its derived new cell clone PC3c cells were directly injected into the tibiae of SCID male mice. Tumor growth was analyzed by radiography and histology. Direct effects of conditioned medium of both cell lines were tested on osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes. RESULTS: We found that PC3c cells induced mixed lesions 10 weeks after intratibial injection. In vitro, PC3c conditioned medium was able to stimulate tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and endothelin-1 (ET1) were highly expressed by PC3c while dikkopf-1 (DKK1) expression was decreased. Finally, PC3c highly expressed bone associated markers osteopontin (OPN), Runx2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone sialoprotein (BSP) and produced mineralized matrix in vitro in osteogenic conditions. CONCLUSIONS: We have established a new CRPC cell line as a useful system for modeling human metastatic prostate cancer which presents the mixed phenotype of bone metastases that is commonly observed in prostate cancer patients with advanced disease. This model will help to understand androgen-independent mechanisms involved in the progression of prostate cancer in bone and provides a preclinical model for testing the effects of new treatments for bone metastases

INTERROGATION OF SAW TAGS IN RFID SYSTEMS USING BARKER ENCODED SIGNALS

The computation simulation results of operating RFID system with SAW tags using Barker encoded interrogation signal are presented. The particularity of the considered RFID system operation mode is the use of composite signal generated in the inquiry unit to interrogate SAW tag and the use of correlation processing when receiving tag response signal. This operation mode improves interference resistant and operating range of SAW RFID systems

COMPENSATION OF TEMPERATURE DISTORTIONS OF PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF RFID ON THE SURFACE OF ACOUSTIC WAVES WITHIN A WIDE INTERVAL OF WORKING TEMPERATURES

The results of numerical simulation of the temperature code in the form of the five-symbol Barker code for compensation of distortion of the impulse characteristics of the RF tag on the SAW with the time-positioned phase-shift keyed code have been presented. The dependences of the maximum of the WCF of the five-symbol Barker code on the temperature for multiple options of the mutual arrangement of individual pulses forming the temperature code have been investigated