A New Nanoporous Material Based on Amorphous Silicon Dioxide

Processes for making nanoporous SiO2 layers on Si via the irradiation of thermally oxidized silicon wafers with fast ions followed by chemical treatment in a solution or vapor of hydrofluoric acid are presented. It is shown that the density, shape, diameter, and length to diameter ratio of channels etched in silicon dioxide can be controlled by varying the regimes of fast ion irradiation or chemical treatment of SiO2/Si structures. Track parameters calculated using the thermal spike model are compared with the chemical etching data

Маркетинг навколишнього середовища

The photophysical properties of silicon semiconductor nanocrystals (SiNCs) are extremely sensitive to the presence of surface chemical defects, many of which are easily produced by oxidation under ambient conditions. The diversity of chemical structures of such defects and the lack of tools capable of probing individual defects continue to impede understanding of the roles of these defects in SiNC photophysics. We use scanning tunneling spectroscopy to study the impact of surface defects on the electronic structures of hydrogen-passivated SiNCs supported on the Au(111) surface. Spatial maps of the local electronic density of states (LDOS) produced by our measurements allowed us to identify locally enhanced defect-induced states as well as quantum-confined states delocalized throughout the SiNC volume. We use theoretical calculations to show that the LDOS spectra associated with the observed defects are attributable to Si-O-Si bridged oxygen or Si-OH surface defects

Russian population health-related quality of life indicators calculated using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire

Objectives. The paper aims was forming the first health-related quality of life population indicators using EQ-5D–3L survey that represents the Russian population by gender and age, as well as by the attained level of education. Material and methods. For compiling population indicators, we use the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. The study was conducted on the adult Russian population aged 18 to 75 years. A representative sample was 12616 respondents. Results. 59.3 % of the sample is in good health (profile 11111). The proportion of respondents reporting any health problems increases with age. The average score on a 100-point visual analogue scale is 72.4 (standard deviation 18,1; 95 per cent confidence interval from 72,1 to 72,7). Men, on average, tend to assess their health higher than women. However there are no statistically significant differences in health scores among educational groups, taking into account gender and age data. Conclusions. Comparison of health-related quality of life estimations with normative population data allows us to track differences in health between population groups, as well as to analyze the health status and progress in treating patients. The Russian health-related quality indicators from EQ-5D-3L survey are similar to the Hungary population indices, as well as to many European countries, the USA, and Argentina for age cohorts under 45 years of age. For the cohorts of respondents older than 45 years, Russian estimations are much lower than in other countries. This evidence confirms that borrowing scales from other countries for converting EQ-5D-3L values into a preference EQ-5D-3L index is not acceptable for Russian patients, especially for the elderly

Results of a Joint Epizootiological Survey of Transboundary Natural Plague Foci of the Russian Federation and Potentially Focal Territories of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2019–2022

Consolidation of the efforts in implementation of epidemiological surveillance and control over plague and other dangerous natural-focal infections is an essential aspect in ensuring epidemiological well-being as regards particularly dangerous infectious diseases in the territory of natural plague foci and potentially focal territories located within the borders of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The aim of the work was to carry out a joint epizootiological survey of the transboundary territories of the Volga-Ural sandy natural plague focus and the territory of the East Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) potentially focal for plague over the period of 2019–2022. Materials and methods. Samples of field materials, collected during the epizootiological survey of the territory of Kazakhstan, were studied using bacteriological, molecular-genetic, and immune-serological methods. Results and discussion. We have obtained the current evidence on the spatial-biocenotic structure, the circulation of pathogens of dangerous natural-focal infectious diseases in the transboundary territories of Eastern and Western Kazakhstan. It has been established that the conditions that contribute to the possibility of human infection with plague and other dangerous infectious diseases in case of the aggravation of epizootic situation in the foci or importation of the pathogens into the territory are in place

THEORETICAL FOUNDATION AND METHODS FOR ASSESSMENT COMMODITY MARKET POWER ASYMMETRY

The study aims to clarify the theoretical and methodological details of the commodity market power asymmetry structure. Based on the Industrial Markets Theory, Neoinstitutional Economic Theory and Organizational Field Theory we clarified the concept of the commodity market. Also we proved that inequality in market conditions is a generic feature of any market system with limited competition. The theoretical model of research bases on a scientific review of approaches. We did the terminological analysis of categories “dominant position”, “market power” and “bargaining power”, as well as the identification of the market inequality sources. As a result we suggested the definition “power asymmetry of the commodity market.” The main research result is developing an unified method for assessing of the commodity market power asymmetry. This method includes a three-step assessment of an influence one of the market participant on all stakeholders

ARTHROSCOPIC TECHNIQUE OF BONE AUTOGRAFTING OF GLENOID CAVITY DEFECTS IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT ANTERIOR INSTABILITY OF THE SHOULDER

Injuries of the bone anterior edge of the glenoid cavity of scapula is noted in 90% of patients with recurrent shoulder instability and it is the cause of recurrent dislocation in 67% of cases. The authors have presented a description of techniques and benefits of arthroscopic autoplasty (autografting) of scapula glenoid. A total of 10 operations were performed in 9 men and 1 woman. The average age of operated patients was 27,1±4,7 years. All patients were injured during contact sports. In the preoperative and immediate postoperative period computer tomography of damaged shoulder was performed in all patients with reconstruction in 3D images. The size of the bone defect was evaluated by 3D scans and averaged 29.7%. During the first stage free bicortical grafts with varying sizes from the wing of the ilium were harvested. Preartroscopic stage permits to avoid swelling of paraarticular structures during arthroscopy and allows to correct positioning and fixation autografts in the joint. The arthroscopic signs of defect and the technique of immersing of previously prepared free fragment through a wide 10 mm cannula and subsequent minimally invasive fixation with cannulated screws in scapula neck were described. This operation is an alternative to the transposition of coracoid process, does not require special tools and a long operating time (average 60-80 min), excludes injuries of brachial plexus branches and surgical trauma of subscapularis muscle, does not disturb the normal anatomy of the shoulder joint. There were no neurological complications, recurrences of instability in the immediate postoperative period

ARTHROSCOPIC CORRECTION OF THE INJURIES OF THE COMPLEX «TENDON OF THE BICEPS LONG HEAD - THE ARTICULAR LIP» IN TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FULL-LAYER RUPTURES OF THE ROTATOR CUFF

Damage of the long head of the biceps at the place of attachment to the articular tubercle supraglenoidal lip of shoulder, to the entrance and throughout intertubercle furrows are common causes of pain and dysfunction of the shoulder joint. At the same clinical manifestations of the morphology of such lesions may be different. The current literature discusses various options of surgical correction of the biceps injury. Variety of methods of surgical treatment and the lack of consensus in support of their application in different patients in different types of injuries were the basis for the present study. A prospective analysis of the functional results of surgical treatment of the 34 - year’s patients with associated rotator cuff (SSP+ISP+SSC+) and the tendon of the biceps muscle in age from 34 to 75 years. Options for surgical correction of the damaged part of the biceps were: biceps tenotomy, biceps tenotomy with intraarticular tenodez of the shoulder to the head before entering intertubercle furrow, biceps tenotomy and extraarticular subpectorialtenodez to the proximal humerus is intertubercle interferrent screw groove, as well as its attachment to the tendon suture large pectoral muscle. Choice of surgical approach depended on the patient's age, level of daily physical activity, morphology and localization of lesions. The best results were obtained when the extra-articular subpectorialtenodez of long head of the biceps to the proximal humerus interferrent screw and suture fixation to the pectoralis major muscle, the average follow-up was 16,6 ± 4,7 months