(4-Nitro­phenolato)(subphthalo­cyaninato)boron(III)1

The main feature of the structure of the title compound, C30H16BN7O3 or NO2PhO-BsubPc, are pairs of mol­ecules linked through π-inter­actions between the concave faces of the BsubPc fragments at a distance of 3.5430 (11) Å across an inversion centre. However, the angle between the planes of the five- and six-menbered rings involved in this inter­action is 1.44 (10)°, causing the inter­acting BsubPcs units to be slightly askew rather than parallel as is typical for π-stacking inter­actions

Coevolution of religious and political authority in Austronesian societies

Authority, an institutionalized form of social power, is one of the defining features of the large-scale societies that evolved during the Holocene. Religious and political authority have deep histories in human societies and are clearly interdependent, but the nature of their relationship and its evolution over time is contested. We purpose-built an ethnographic dataset of 97 Austronesian societies and used phylogenetic methods to address two long-standing questions about the evolution of religious and political authority: first, how these two institutions have coevolved, and second, whether religious and political authority have tended to become more or less differentiated. We found evidence for mutual interdependence between religious and political authority but no evidence for or against a long-term pattern of differentiation or unification in systems of religious and political authority. Our results provide insight into how political and religious authority have worked synergistically over millennia during the evolution of large-scale societies

Can Europe recover without credit?

Data from 135 countries covering five decades suggests that creditless recoveries, in which the stock of real credit does not return to the pre-crisis level for three years after the GDP trough, are not rare and are characterised by remarkable real GDP growth rates: 4.7 percent per year in middle-income countries and 3.2 percent per year in high-income countries. However, the implications of these historical episodes for the current European situation are limited, for two main reasons. First, creditless recoveries are much less common in highincome countries, than in low-income countries which are financially undeveloped. European economies heavily depend on bank loans and research suggests that loan supply played a major role in the recent weak credit performance of Europe. There are reasons to believe that, despite various efforts, normal lending has not yet been restored. Limited loan supply could be disruptive for the European economic recovery and there has been only a minor substitution of bank loans with debt securities. Second, creditless recoveries were associated with significant real exchange rate depreciation, which has hardly occurred so far in most of Europe. This stylised fact suggests that it might be difficult to re-establish economic growth in the absence of sizeable real exchange rate depreciation, if credit growth does not return

(Dodecafluorosubphthalocyaninato)(4-methylphenolato)boron(III)

In the title compound, C31H7BF12N6O, mol­ecules are arranged into one-dimensional columns with an inter­molecular B⋯B distance of 5.3176 (8) Å. Bowl-shaped mol­ecules are arranged within the columns in a concave bowl-to-ligand arrangement separated by a ring centroid distance of 3.532 (2) Å between the benzene ring of the 4-methyl­phen­oxy ligand and one of the three five-membered rings of a symmetry-related mol­ecule

Approaching Bose-Einstein condensation of metastable neon:Over 10⁹ trapped atoms

We present an experimental study of the loading of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) from a brightened and slowed beam of metastable neon atoms. The unprecedented high numbers of 9×10920Ne and 3×109 22Ne metastable atoms are trapped under unconventional trap conditions as compared to metastable helium traps, such as low intensity and small detuning. These cause the MOT to have an extraordinarily large volume on the order of 1cm3 and a typical peak density of 1010 atoms/cm3. A simple Doppler model is discussed which explains why the optimum is found under these conditions. The model includes the seventh beam necessary for the last slowing step before loading

Observation of individual molecules trapped on a nanostructured insulator

For the first time, ordered polar molecules confined in monolayer-deep rectangular pits produced on an alkali halide surface by electron irradiation have been resolved at room temperature by non-contact atomic force microscopy. Molecules self-assemble in a specific fashion inside pits of width smaller than 15 nm. By contrast no ordered aggregates of molecules are observed on flat terraces. Conclusions regarding nucleation and ordering mechanisms are drawn. Trapping in pits as small as 2 nm opens a route to address single molecules

(4-Acetyl­phenolato)(subphthalo­cyaninato)boron(III)

In the title compound, C32H19BN6O2, the B atom adopts a BON3 tetra­hedral coordination geometry. In the crystal, pairs of mol­ecules are associated through aromatic π–π stacking inter­actions between the concave faces of the boronsubphthalocyanine fragments at a centroid–centroid distance of 3.4951 (19) Å and a weaker inter­action of the same type between the convex faces of the same group [centroid–centroid separation = 3.5669 (18) Å] also occurs